Identifying Phonological Awareness ?Outcomes in a Personal Setting

The focus of this project was to create a procedures guide containing research-supported lessons that facilitate the acquisition of phonological awareness by students in a preschool or kindergarten classroom. An investigation of the related literature revealed aspects of phonological awareness that can be taught to preliterate children before the onset of formal training. The product of this investigation is a guide containing lessons and activities either extracted from or modeled after those field tested in many classrooms

Psychological Literacy: A Compendium of Practice

This set of case studies were submitted to Dr Jacqui Taylor and Dr Julie Hulme during 2014, following requests in psychology conferences and publications, and through professional networks and support from the HEA. This is the first version of the Psychological Literacy Compendium and a revised second version will be available online during 2016. An article has been published (Taylor & Hulme, 2015) presenting a brief synopsis of each case study; the article categorises case studies to allow easy comparison of the different approaches for practitioners

Sensitivity to Ingested Sulfites

Sulfiting agents, including sodium and potassium bisulfite, sodium and potassium metabisulfite, sodium sulfite, and sulfur dioxide, have enjoyed widespread use as food and drug ingredients. The oral ingestion of these sulfiting agents is now known to trigger asthma in a small subset of the asthmatic population. The best evidence suggests that perhaps 150,000 to 200,000 individuals in the United States may be sulfite sensitive. Although the mechanism of sulfite-induced asthma remains unknown, several possibilities have been considered, including inhalation of sulfur dioxide (SO2) while swallowing, an IgE-mediated reaction, and a deficiency of sulfite oxidase leading to impaired sulfite metabolism and excretion. The only treatment for sulfite sensitivity is avoidance of sulfites in foods and drugs

\u27You get forced to live with randoms ... and that makes you stronger as a person\u27. Homeless Western Australian teenagers\u27 perspectives on their experiences of residing in crisis accommodation

Homelessness is a growing, but poorly understood, social phenomenon. It is hypothesised that the fulfilment of homeless teenagers’ psychosocial needs supports normative development and facilitates mental well-being. This exemplar phenomenological study investigated the crisis accommodation living experiences of eight homeless teenagers aged 16 to 19 years and interpreted these experiences in relation to Maslow’s hierarchy of human need. The findings reveal that homeless teenagers achieve a measure of resilience by overcoming their safety fears and subsequently establishing a sense of belonging within the homeless community. Finally, the teenagers’ ability, under difficult circumstances, to establish an identity, individuality, and integrity seemingly provided them with sufficient internal fortitude that they were then able to set and achieve their personal goals

Impact of radiation therapy on survival in patients with triple‑negative breast cancer

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) has a poorer prognosis compared with other sub-groups. In the current study, survival associated with locoregional treatment of females with TNBC was investigated. Specifically, 468 patients with stage I–III TNBC treated between 2002 and 2009 were identified. Data included patient and tumor characteristics, treatment received and survival. Data were compared using χ(2) and Fisher’s exact tests, as well as MANOVA. Kaplan-Meier curves were generated. The study cohort had a mean age of 54±13 years old with a mean follow-up period of 51±21 months. Of 468 patients, 249 (53%) underwent lumpectomy, 63 (14%) underwent simple mastectomy (SM) and 156 (33%) underwent modified radical mastectomy (MRM). Overall, 263 (56%) received adjuvant radiation, including 178/249 (71%) following lumpectomy, 13/63 (21%) following SM and 72/156 (46%) following MRM (P<0.0001). Following control for potential confounders in univariate tests, adjuvant radiation was associated with improved overall survival in the total cohort (HR, 0.46; 95% CI, 0.31–0.68; P=0.0001). When comparing survival by surgical type, receipt of adjuvant radiation significantly improved survival in the lumpectomy group (HR, 0.30; 95% CI, 0.16–0.58; P=0.0004), but was not associated with improved survival in the SM group (HR, 0.38; 95% CI, 0.05–3.04; P=0.36) or in the MRM group (HR, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.46–1.34; P=0.38). The survival benefit of adjuvant radiation in these TNBC patients is attributed to those undergoing breast-conserving therapy. There was no benefit in either mastectomy group. These data warrant validation from prospective trials, in order to develop tailored locoregional treatment for patients with TNBC

Sulfites

Key Concepts Sulfites are frequently used food and drug additives. Ingestion of sulfite residues has been documented to trigger asthmatic reactions in sensitive individuals. Sulfite-induced asthma occurs in less than 5% of asthmatic individuals, and those with severe, persistent asthma are at greatest risk. The diagnosis of sulfite-induced asthma is best made by blinded oral challenge with assessment of lung function. Labeling regulations in the United States alert sulfite-sensitive individuals to the presence of sulfites in foods, which must then be avoided

Sulfite Residues in Maraschino Cherries

A survey of 53 samples of maraschino cherries from 14 different processors revealed that total sulfite residues averaged 52.3 ± 44.7 ppm. However, 58.5% of the samples had less than 40 ppm total SO2, while only 7.6% had greater than 120 ppm total SO2 indicating that the distribution was skewed in the direction of lower residue levels. Free sulfite residues in the 53 samples were considerably lower, averaging 14.2 ± 7.1 ppm. With free SO2 levels, 35.8% of the samples had less than 10 ppm free SO2, while only 5.7% had greater than 30 ppm free SO2. With an average serving size of one cherry (3–7 g), maraschino cherries would contribute only 0.16–0.37 mg per serving of total sulfites as SO2

Allergenic Foods

Virtually all food allergens are proteins, although only a small percentage of the many proteins in foods are allergens. Any food that contains protein has the potential to cause allergic reactions in some individuals. However, a few foods or food groups are known to cause allergies on a more frequent basis than other foods. At a 1995 consultation on food allergies sponsored by the Food and Agriculture Organization, a group of international experts confirmed that peanuts, soybeans, crustacea, fish, cow’s milk, eggs, tree nuts, and wheat are the most common allergenic foods. These foods are responsible for more than 90% of serious allergic reactions to foods. Allergies to certain fresh fruits and vegetables are also rather common, but the allergens tend to be labile to processing and cooking and the symptoms are mild and confined primarily to the oropharyngeal area. The prevalence of allergic sensitivities to specific foods varies from one country to another depending on the frequency with which the food is eaten in that country and the typical age at its introduction into the diet. For example, peanuts are a much more frequent cause of food allergies in the United States than in most other countries. Americans eat peanuts more often and introduce peanut butter into the diet of children at an early age. The Japanese probably experience more soybean and rice allergies than some other cultures because of the frequency of these two foods in the Japanese diet. Scandinavians have a high incidence of codfish allergy for similar reasons. Table 1 provides a listing of the most common allergenic foods and food groups compiled from a thorough search of the medical literature. Table 2 provides a listing of the less common allergenic foods. Only some of the foods listed in this table have been documented to cause severe, life-threatening allergic reactions. Citations are provided to studies and/or case reports that document the allergenicity of those particular foods. The absence of a particular food on this list may not mean that it is nonallergenic but may indicate that its allergenicity has not been documented. Conversely, the presence of a specific food on the list merely indicates that it has been listed in one or more reports as a cause of food allergy and does not indicate the prevalence or potential as an allergenic food

College Debt: An Exploratory Study of Risk Factors Among College Freshmen

The goals of this study are to examine the relationships between loan knowledge, money management skills, debt tolerance attitudes, and student income potential to their willingness to incur educational debt at a mid-western university. The current study showed that freshmen students lacked personal and general loan knowledge and had unrealistic expectations of future income at graduation

Linear network design for AC shipboard distribution systems

We apply relaxation procedures for polynomial optimization problems to shipboard distribution system design, and obtain new convex formulations for the AC case.United States. Office of Naval Research (Grant N00014-02-1-0623