SOYBEAN PERFORMANCE IN GROUPED AND CONVENTIONAL SOWING WITH PNEUMATIC SEEDER AT DIFFERENT OPERATIONAL SPEEDS

Convencionalmente a semeadura da soja é realizada distribuindo as sementes de forma individualizada e equidistante ao longo do sulco de semeadura. uma possível alternativa é a dosagem e distribuição agrupada de sementes, apenas rearranjando-as. Sendo assim, o objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar as características agronômicas da soja semeada com disco dosador de sementes convencional e agrupado sob diferentes velocidades operacionais. O delineamento experimental adotado foi o inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial 2 x 3, sendo dois arranjos de semeadura, agrupado e convencional, e três velocidades de semeadura 4,5; 5,2 e 6 km h-1, com quatro repetições cada. Os resultados evidenciam incremento produtivo entre 20,7% e 39,9% para o arranjo agrupado nas velocidades de 5,2 e 4,5 km h-1, respectivamente. A maior velocidade de semeadura limita o agrupamento de sementes para o arranjo agrupado. Conventionally, soybean sowing is carried out by distributing the seeds individually and equidistantly along the sowing furrow. An alternative is the grouped dosage and distribution of seeds, just rearranging them. The aim of this work was to evaluate the agronomic characteristics of soybean sown with a grouped and conventional seed metering disc in a pneumatic seeder at different operating speeds. The experimental design adopted was completely randomized (CRD) under a 2 x 3 factorial scheme, with two spatial sowing arrangements, grouped and conventional, and three sowing speeds, 4.5; 5.2 e 6 km h-1, resulting in six treatments with four repetitions each. The results show a productive increase between 20.7% and 39.9% for the grouped arrangement at speeds of 5.2 and 4.5 km h-1, respectively. The higher sowing speed, limits the grouping of seeds to the grouped arrangement

OPERATIONAL PERFORMANCE OF AN AGRICULTURAL TRACTOR UNDER DIFFERENT TIRE INFLATION PRESSURES IN THE SUBSOILING OPERATION

For the agricultural tractor's best performance, it must be correctly adapted to the job. Among other factors, the adequacy of tire inflation pressure is one of the most important and may influence the operation's efficiency and productivity. This study aimed to evaluate an agricultural tractor's operational performance with different tire inflation pressures in the subsoiling operation. The study was carried out in an experimental area of the Agricultural Machinery and Mechanization Laboratory of the experimental farm “Água Limpa,” belonging to the University of Brasília. The experimental design used was in randomized blocks with the following values, 206.8 kPa (30 psi), 137.9 kPa (20 psi), and 68.9 kPa (10 psi), of inflation pressure for agricultural tractor tires. The mechanized set used was a tractor model TM7020 2WD MFWD pulling a subsoiler with five shanks, SPCR model, in a Latossolo Vermelho-Amarelo. The higher inflation pressure resulted in greater slippage, advance, hourly fuel consumption, and lower speed and operational field capacity

DESEMPENHO OPERACIONAL E DISTRIBUIÇÃO LONGITUDINAL DE SEMENTES POR SEMEADORA DE PRECISÃO SUBMETIDA À DIFERENTES CALIBRAGENS DO RODADO

As regulagens da semeadora-adubadora são cruciais para a correta distribuição dos insumos, melhorando assim o desempenho operacional. O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar a distribuição longitudinal de sementes e o desempenho operacional de uma semeadora-adubadora de precisão em função de diferentes pressões de insuflagem dos pneumáticos. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi de blocos casualizados, sendo os tratamentos três pressões de insuflagem dos pneus (138, 241 e 345 kPa), repetidos em seis blocos, totalizando 18 parcelas de 60 m de comprimento e 4,5 m de largura cada. Realizou-se avaliações de consumo de combustível horário (Chc), velocidade operacional (V), deslizamento dos pneus (DP), capacidade de campo operacional (Cco), distância entre sementes (DES), coeficiente de variação do espaçamento entre sementes (CVes) e índice de precisão da distribuição (IP). Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância e as médias comparadas pelo teste de Tukey (P ≤ 0,05). Os resultados indicaram maior Chc e DP pela pressão 345 kPa. Menor falha, dupla, CVes, e maior IP, foram obtidos pela pressão 241 kPa. Cco não diferiu. Salienta-se que para cada tipo de máquina e condição de superfície do solo, seja necessário o refinamento da pressão dos pneus e regulagens da máquina. Palavras-chave: pressão; insuflagem; consumo de combustível; patinagem; plantabilidade.   Operational performance and longitudinal distribution of seeds by precision seeder submitted to different calibrations of the wheel   ABSTRACT: The settings of the seeder-fertilizer are crucial for the correct distribution of inputs, thus improving operational performance. The objective of the work was to evaluate the longitudinal distribution of seeds and the operational performance of a precision seed drill-fertilizer in function of different tire insufflation pressures. The experimental design used was randomized blocks, with three tire insufflation pressures from the seeder-fertilizer (138, 241 and 345 kPa), repeated in six blocks, totaling 18 plots of 60 m long and 4.5 m wide each. Hourly fuel consumption (Chc), operational speed (V), tire slip (DP), operational field capacity (Cco), distance between seeds (DES), variation coefficient of spacing between seeds were performed (CVes) and distribution accuracy index (IP). The data were subjected to analysis of variance and the means compared by the Tukey test (P ≤ 0.05). The results indicated higher Chc and DP by the 345 kPa pressure. Minor failure, double, CVes, and higher IP, were obtained by pressure 241 kPa. Cco did not differ. It should be noted that for each type of machine and soil surface condition, refinement of tire pressure and machine adjustments is necessary. Keywords: pressure; insufflation; fuel consumption; skating; plantability

OPERATIONAL PERFORMANCE OF AN AGRICULTURAL TRACTOR UNDER DIFFERENT TIRE INFLATION PRESSURES IN THE SUBSOILING OPERATION

For the agricultural tractor's best performance, it must be correctly adapted to the job. Among other factors, the adequacy of tire inflation pressure is one of the most important and may influence the operation's efficiency and productivity. This study aimed to evaluate an agricultural tractor's operational performance with different tire inflation pressures in the subsoiling operation. The study was carried out in an experimental area of the Agricultural Machinery and Mechanization Laboratory of the experimental farm “Água Limpa,” belonging to the University of Brasília. The experimental design used was in randomized blocks with the following values, 206.8 kPa (30 psi), 137.9 kPa (20 psi), and 68.9 kPa (10 psi), of inflation pressure for agricultural tractor tires. The mechanized set used was a tractor model TM7020 2WD MFWD pulling a subsoiler with five shanks, SPCR model, in a Latossolo Vermelho-Amarelo. The higher inflation pressure resulted in greater slippage, advance, hourly fuel consumption, and lower speed and operational field capacity