Educomunicação em Tempos de Pandemia:

Os textos que compõem esta obra são oriundos do VIII Colóquio Ibero-americano de Educomunicação (VIII CIEducom) e IX Colóquio Catarinense de Educomunicação (IX CCEducom), realizados em março de 2021. Em um ano no qual o vírus SARS-CoV-2 e variantes circularam por diversos territórios, Educomunicação em tempos de pandemia: práticas e desafios foi o tema discutido nos eventos. Este livro colocado à disposição do público é um modo de compartilhar caminhos e convidar pessoas curiosas a percorrerem, por meio das palavras e recursos gráficos, desafios identificados e estratégias para o enfrentamento deste inesperado período de pandemia

Rationale, study design, and analysis plan of the Alveolar Recruitment for ARDS Trial (ART): Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Background: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is associated with high in-hospital mortality. Alveolar recruitment followed by ventilation at optimal titrated PEEP may reduce ventilator-induced lung injury and improve oxygenation in patients with ARDS, but the effects on mortality and other clinical outcomes remain unknown. This article reports the rationale, study design, and analysis plan of the Alveolar Recruitment for ARDS Trial (ART). Methods/Design: ART is a pragmatic, multicenter, randomized (concealed), controlled trial, which aims to determine if maximum stepwise alveolar recruitment associated with PEEP titration is able to increase 28-day survival in patients with ARDS compared to conventional treatment (ARDSNet strategy). We will enroll adult patients with ARDS of less than 72 h duration. The intervention group will receive an alveolar recruitment maneuver, with stepwise increases of PEEP achieving 45 cmH(2)O and peak pressure of 60 cmH2O, followed by ventilation with optimal PEEP titrated according to the static compliance of the respiratory system. In the control group, mechanical ventilation will follow a conventional protocol (ARDSNet). In both groups, we will use controlled volume mode with low tidal volumes (4 to 6 mL/kg of predicted body weight) and targeting plateau pressure <= 30 cmH2O. The primary outcome is 28-day survival, and the secondary outcomes are: length of ICU stay; length of hospital stay; pneumothorax requiring chest tube during first 7 days; barotrauma during first 7 days; mechanical ventilation-free days from days 1 to 28; ICU, in-hospital, and 6-month survival. ART is an event-guided trial planned to last until 520 events (deaths within 28 days) are observed. These events allow detection of a hazard ratio of 0.75, with 90% power and two-tailed type I error of 5%. All analysis will follow the intention-to-treat principle. Discussion: If the ART strategy with maximum recruitment and PEEP titration improves 28-day survival, this will represent a notable advance to the care of ARDS patients. Conversely, if the ART strategy is similar or inferior to the current evidence-based strategy (ARDSNet), this should also change current practice as many institutions routinely employ recruitment maneuvers and set PEEP levels according to some titration method.Hospital do Coracao (HCor) as part of the Program 'Hospitais de Excelencia a Servico do SUS (PROADI-SUS)'Brazilian Ministry of Healt

Educomunicação e suas áreas de intervenção: Novos paradigmas para o diálogo intercultural

oai:omp.abpeducom.org.br:publicationFormat/1O material aqui divulgado representa, em essência, a contribuição do VII Encontro Brasileiro de Educomunicação ao V Global MIL Week, da UNESCO, ocorrido na ECA/USP, entre 3 e 5 de novembro de 2016. Estamos diante de um conjunto de 104 papers executivos, com uma média de entre 7 e 10 páginas, cada um. Com este rico e abundante material, chegamos ao sétimo e-book publicado pela ABPEducom, em seus seis primeiros anos de existência. A especificidade desta obra é a de trazer as “Áreas de Intervenção” do campo da Educomunicação, colocando-as a serviço de uma meta essencial ao agir educomunicativo: o diálogo intercultural, trabalhado na linha do tema geral do evento internacional: Media and Information Literacy: New Paradigms for Intercultural Dialogue

Effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor and angiotensin receptor blocker initiation on organ support-free days in patients hospitalized with COVID-19

IMPORTANCE Overactivation of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) may contribute to poor clinical outcomes in patients with COVID-19. Objective To determine whether angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor or angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) initiation improves outcomes in patients hospitalized for COVID-19. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS In an ongoing, adaptive platform randomized clinical trial, 721 critically ill and 58 non–critically ill hospitalized adults were randomized to receive an RAS inhibitor or control between March 16, 2021, and February 25, 2022, at 69 sites in 7 countries (final follow-up on June 1, 2022). INTERVENTIONS Patients were randomized to receive open-label initiation of an ACE inhibitor (n = 257), ARB (n = 248), ARB in combination with DMX-200 (a chemokine receptor-2 inhibitor; n = 10), or no RAS inhibitor (control; n = 264) for up to 10 days. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The primary outcome was organ support–free days, a composite of hospital survival and days alive without cardiovascular or respiratory organ support through 21 days. The primary analysis was a bayesian cumulative logistic model. Odds ratios (ORs) greater than 1 represent improved outcomes. RESULTS On February 25, 2022, enrollment was discontinued due to safety concerns. Among 679 critically ill patients with available primary outcome data, the median age was 56 years and 239 participants (35.2%) were women. Median (IQR) organ support–free days among critically ill patients was 10 (–1 to 16) in the ACE inhibitor group (n = 231), 8 (–1 to 17) in the ARB group (n = 217), and 12 (0 to 17) in the control group (n = 231) (median adjusted odds ratios of 0.77 [95% bayesian credible interval, 0.58-1.06] for improvement for ACE inhibitor and 0.76 [95% credible interval, 0.56-1.05] for ARB compared with control). The posterior probabilities that ACE inhibitors and ARBs worsened organ support–free days compared with control were 94.9% and 95.4%, respectively. Hospital survival occurred in 166 of 231 critically ill participants (71.9%) in the ACE inhibitor group, 152 of 217 (70.0%) in the ARB group, and 182 of 231 (78.8%) in the control group (posterior probabilities that ACE inhibitor and ARB worsened hospital survival compared with control were 95.3% and 98.1%, respectively). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE In this trial, among critically ill adults with COVID-19, initiation of an ACE inhibitor or ARB did not improve, and likely worsened, clinical outcomes. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT0273570

Transtornos reprodutivos causados por agentes infecciosos em animais de canis comerciais da microrregião de Ribeirão Preto, estado de São Paulo

The commercial kennel breeding is an important economic activity in Brazil and has increased, in media, on 20% per year. The breeding has given importance to concern in the improvement of breeds, modernization and use of reproductive biotechnologies. Nevertheless, the reproductive performance is overlooked in breeding of dogs, though of significant losses due of reproductive disorders caused by inadequate sanitary management, culminating in abortions and neonatal/pup losses. Thus, the aim of this study was investigated the infectious causes of abortion and neonatal/pup deaths in commercial kennels. Blood samples from 400 dogs with an average age 29.1 ± 8.9 months were collected from kennels located in the microregion of Ribeirão Preto, SP, for serological and molecular. The data regarding to health and reproductive management were collected by a questionnaire. The studied was based on prevalence of Brucella canis (imunochromatography), Toxoplasma gondii (indirect immunofluorescence reaction), Neospora caninum (indirect immunofluorescence), Leptospira ssp (microscopic soroagglutination), canine Herpesvirus (PCR), Ehrlichia canis e Ehrlichia sp (PCR). The statistical analysis was descriptive, and we used the simple and multiple linear regressions to verify the interaction between dependent variables (abortion and neonatal/pup deaths) and percent positive cases. Canine population studied consisted of 108 males (27,0%, IC95%: 22,65-31,35) and 292 females (73,0%; IC95%: 68,65-77,35). The prevalence of diseases studied was B. canis (15,0%; IC95%: 11,50-18,50), T. gondii (17,3%; IC95%: 13,55-20,95), N. caninum (30,50%; IC95%: 26,19-35,18), Leptospira spp (34%; IC95%: 29,53-38,77), Ehrlichia sp (4,5%; IC95%: 2,87-7,00) and E. canis (15,5%; IC95%: 11,95-19,05), There was no positive case of canine herpesvirus. When the variable abortion was avaliable we can got one association with T. gondii (p = 0,004260) and B. canis (p = 0,0000012). When ...A criação comercial de cães é uma atividade econômica importante no Brasil e tem aumentado, em média, 20% ao ano. Tais empresas têm se preocupado cada vez mais no aprimoramento das raças, modernização e utilização de biotecnologias da reprodução. Contudo, a performance reprodutiva é desconsiderada neste tipo de criação, apesar de perdas expressivas em vista de transtornos reprodutivos, causados por manejo sanitário inadequado, culminando em abortamentos e perdas de neonatos. Em vista disto, objetivou-se com este estudo efetuar um levantamento epidemiológico do Herpesvírus canino tipo 1, Toxoplasma gondii, Neospora caninum, Brucella canis, Leptospira spp e Ehrlichia canis em canis comerciais e correlacionar os achados com a ocorrência de transtornos reprodutivos, idade, sexo e raça. Foram colhidas amostras de sangue de 400 cães adultos com idade média 29,1 ± 8,9 meses, de canis comerciais localizados na microrregião de Ribeirão Preto, SP, para realização de testes sorológicos e moleculares. Os dados sobre manejo sanitário e reprodutivo foram colhidos em forma de entrevistas aplicados ao proprietários dos canis. O estudo foi baseado na ocorrência de Brucella canis (imunocromatografia), Toxoplasma gondii (reação de imunofluorescência indireta), Neospora caninum (imunofluorescência indireta), Leptospira spp (soroaglutinação microscópica), Herpesvírus canino (PCR), Ehrlichia canis e Ehrlichia sp (PCR). A análise estatística empregada consistiu no tratamento descritivo geral dos resultados obtidos, avaliados pelo software Epi Info 7, com a determinação das estimativas de prevalência e cálculo do intervalo de confiança das taxas de doenças na microrregião de Ribeirão Preto. Essa análise investigou o efeito simultâneo de vários fatores (doenças) em uma variável resposta (abortamento e morte neonatal). A população canina estudada foi constituída de 108 machos (27,0%, IC95%: 22,65-31,35) e..

Ovarian blood vessel occlusion as a surgical sterilization method in rats

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP

Immune response dynamics and Lutzomyia longipalpis exposure characterize a biosignature of visceral leishmaniasis susceptibility in a canine cohort.

BackgroundReports have shown correlations between the immune response to vector saliva and Leishmaniasis outcome. We followed dogs in an endemic area for two years characterizing resistance or susceptibility to canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL) according to Leishmania infantum diagnosis and clinical development criteria. Then, we aimed to identify a biosignature based on parasite load, serum biological mediators' interactions, and vector exposure intensity associated with CVL resistance and susceptibility.Methodology/principal findingsA prospective two-year study was conducted in an area endemic for CVL. Dogs were evaluated at 6-month intervals to determine infection, clinical manifestations, immune profile, and sandfly exposure. CVL resistance or susceptibility was determined upon the conclusion of the study. After two years, 78% of the dogs were infected with L. infantum (53% susceptible and 47% resistant to CVL). Susceptible dogs presented higher splenic parasite load as well as persistence of the parasite during the follow-up, compared to resistant ones. Susceptible dogs also displayed a higher number of correlations among the investigated biological mediators, before and after infection diagnosis. At baseline, anti-saliva antibodies, indicative of exposure to the vector, were detected in 62% of the dogs, reaching 100% in one year. Higher sandfly exposure increased the risk of susceptibility to CVL by 1.6 times (CI: 1.11-2.41). We identified a discriminatory biosignature between the resistant and susceptible dogs assessing splenic parasite load, interaction of biological mediators, PGE2 serum levels and intensity of exposure to sandfly. All these parameters were elevated in susceptible dogs compared to resistant animals.Conclusions/significanceThe biosignature identified in our study reinforces the idea that CVL is a complex multifactorial disease that is affected by a set of factors which are correlated and, for a better understanding of CVL, should not be evaluated in an isolated way

Extensive identification of genes involved in congenital and structural heart disorders and cardiomyopathy

Clinical presentation of congenital heart disease is heterogeneous, making identification of the disease-causing genes and their genetic pathways and mechanisms of action challenging. By using in vivo electrocardiography, transthoracic echocardiography and microcomputed tomography imaging to screen 3,894 single-gene-null mouse lines for structural and functional cardiac abnormalities, here we identify 705 lines with cardiac arrhythmia, myocardial hypertrophy and/or ventricular dilation. Among these 705 genes, 486 have not been previously associated with cardiac dysfunction in humans, and some of them represent variants of unknown relevance (VUR). Mice with mutations in Casz1, Dnajc18, Pde4dip, Rnf38 or Tmem161b genes show developmental cardiac structural abnormalities, with their human orthologs being categorized as VUR. Using UK Biobank data, we validate the importance of the DNAJC18 gene for cardiac homeostasis by showing that its loss of function is associated with altered left ventricular systolic function. Our results identify hundreds of previously unappreciated genes with potential function in congenital heart disease and suggest causal function of five VUR in congenital heart disease