Advanced Primary Lymphoma of Oral Cavity: Report of a Case

Abstract Usually the oral manifestations of NHL are secondary to a more widespread involvement throughout the body, however, it can rarely present as a primary lesion in the oral cavity, having 0.1% - 0.2% prevalence. In this paper we report a case of highly proliferative oral non-Hodgkin lymphoma which presented with very mild symptoms, but had a sudden and significant progression in less than two weeks with involvement of all four quadrants of the oral cavity. Keywords Lymphoma; Intra Oral Swelling; Four Quadran

Efficiency of gillnets with 170mm mesh size in reduction of immature Persian sturgeon, Acipenser persicus, catch

This study was carried out in Turkmen fishing station to examine suitable mesh size of gill nets for Persian sturgeon, Acipenser persicus, to decrease possibility of catching immature specimens and increase catch likelihood for larger fish. The Holt model was used to determine suitable length for catch and selection of mature Persian sturgeon females. Following preliminary studies some 920 experimental gill nets (mesh size 170mm) similar to those generally used by Iranian Fisheries except for mesh size (150mm) were set up in the Caspian Sea. During the experimental period, 128 and 110 sturgeons were caught in control and experimental nets, respectively. Out of those caught in control nets, 63 specimens were Persian sturgeon (49.2%), 57 were Stellate sturgeon, Acipenser stellatus (44.5%) while in the experimental nets, 95 specimens (86.4%) were Persian sturgeon and 7 specimens (6.4%) were Stellate sturgeon. Regarding maturity status of fishes, 42 Persian sturgeon caught in control nets were mature females while this figure was 83 (87.4%) in experimental nets. Mean fork length of the Persian sturgeon was 152.9±13.8cm and 162.4±13.6cm in control and experimental nets, respectively. The mean caviar yield of the Persian sturgeon in control nets was 6.4±1.7 kg and in experimental nets was 7.4±1.9kg. One way ANOVA and Tukey’s test showed significant differences between factors like age, mean caviar yield and fork length of the Persian sturgeon caught in control and experimental nets. The results showed increasing mesh size of gill nets to 170mm for the Persian sturgeon may help achieving objectives of stock managements including decrease in catch of immature fish and increase in catch of mature and larger sturgeons which can secure optimum and sustainable stock yield

Effect of cash subsidy on the quantity of domestic waste (Case study: Rasht, North of Iran)

Releasing prices and performing cash subsidy payment to all applicants with a different income level create differences in the method of household function and different services of organizations including waste and recycling management organization. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of cash subsidy payment on the quantity of domestic waste in Rasht (Guilan province, Iran). The waste mass was determined by counting garbage vehicles. After determining the amount of waste mass, statistical analyses were done before and after "cash subsidy payment policy" performance. The obtained results showed that there is a significant difference between the amount of wastes materials in different periods of time (p<0.05). Therefore, the most amounts of wastes materials were produced in the first half of 2010 (with 15718 number of ply) while the least amounts were observed in the first half of 2008 (with 10055 cases). There was a significant difference between both halves of years in terms of waste production. But, the analyses of data obtained from 2008 through 2010 showed that the growth of producing waste materials in Rasht from November to December has been reduced by the beginning of cash payment of subsidy, so that it was grown 1.06% from November- through December, -8.16% in December, -14.62% from January- through February, - 18.38 from February- through March, showing 24.49% in average growth in comparison to months prior to performing this policy. So the quantity of produced wastes in Rasht has been reduced after releasing the prices and paying cash subsidy. This situation caused by some reasons such as decreasing purchase power, and also citizens tendency to purchase more qualitative products and also complete use and saving food (70% of household wastes)

A theoretical framework for determining environmental costs, benefits, and the net welfare effects associated with hazardous waste management

This paper reviews and presents a theoretical model to determine the costs, benefits, and welfare effects of hazardous wastes management. According to the Iranian law, environmental costs are assigned to waste producing firms. However, in practice, due to weak enforcement programs, firms do not pay any environmental costs. Using the basic principles and logic of welfare economics, we present a micro-level model for analyzing an industry that generates waste as a by-product of its production process. Firms in the industry choose the least cost method of disposal (either legal or illegal disposal). By utilizing various figures of presented models in partial equilibrium structure we found R'1, R'2 and 3 R′ which are the net welfare effect of producing firms, the net welfare effect to firms supplying legal waste disposal services and the net welfare effect of the environmental damage, respectively. By analyzing the presented figures we concluded that government regulatory policy may ideally lower environmental costs via a subsidy program

Predictors of complications in acute type B aortic dissection

Objectives: Medical treatment is generally advocated for patients with acute type B aortic dissection without complications. The objective of this retrospective analysis was to determine whether there are any initial findings that can help predict the long-term course of the disease. Methods: Case records of the 130 patients treated for type B aortic dissection between 1988 and 1997 were reviewed; 41 (31%) were operated on in the acute phase (≪14 days), 31 (24%) were operated on in the chronic phase and 58 (45%) were treated medically. Results: Overall acute mortality was 10.8%; 22% for patients operated on in the early phase and 5.6% for medically treated patients. Age (P=0.002), persistent pain (P=0.01) and malperfusion (P=0.001) were significant independent predictors of the need for surgery. Paraplegia/para paresis (P=0.0001), leg ischaemia (P=0.003), pleural effusion (P=0.003), rupture (P=0.0001), shock (P=0.0001), age (P=0.003), cardiac failure (P=0.002) and aortic diameter ≫4.5cm (P=0.002) were significant predictors of poor survival. Age and shock also emerged as independent risk factors. Patients without malperfusion (P=0.0001), pleural effusion (P=0.003), rupture (P=0.0001) and shock (P=0.0001) had a significantly better event-free survival (freedom from repeat surgery and death). The actuarial survival rate for high-risk patients (malperfusion, rupture, shock) was 62% at 1 year and 40% at 5 years; the corresponding values for low-risk patients were 94 and 84%, respectively. Conclusions: Rupture, shock and malperfusion are significant predictors of poor survival in patients with acute type B aortic dissectio

Constraining the quantum gravity polymer scale using LIGO data

We present the first empirical constraints on the polymer scale describing polymer quantized GWs propagating on a classical background. These constraints are determined from the polymer-induced deviation from the classically predicted propagation speed of GWs. We leverage posterior information on the propagation speed of GWs from two previously reported sources: 1) inter-detector arrival time delays for signals from the LIGO-Virgo Collaboration's first gravitational-wave transient catalog, GWTC1, and 2) from arrival time delays between GW signal GW170817 and its associated gamma-ray burst GRB170817A. For pure-GW constraints, we find relatively uninformative combined constraints of $\nu = 0.96\substack{+0.15 \\ -0.21} \times 10^{-53} \, \rm{kg}^{1/2}$ and $\mu = 0.94\substack{+0.75 \\ -0.20} \times 10^{-48} \, \rm{kg}^{1/2} \cdot s$ at the $90\%$ credible level for the two polymer quantization schemes, where $\nu$ and $\mu$ refer to polymer parameters associated to the polymer quantization schemes of propagating gravitational degrees of freedom. For constraints from GW170817/GRB170817A, we report much more stringent constraints of $\nu_{\mathrm{low}} =2.66\substack{+0.60 \\ -0.10}\times 10^{-56}$, $\nu_{\mathrm{high}} = 2.66\substack{+0.45 \\ -0.10}\times 10^{-56}$ and $\mu_{\mathrm{low}} = 2.84\substack{+0.64 \\ -0.11}\times 10^{-52}$, $\mu_{\mathrm{high}} = 2.76\substack{+0.46 \\ -0.11}\times 10^{-52}$ for both representations of polymer quantization and two choices of spin prior indicated by the subscript. Additionally, we explore the effect of varying the lag between emission of the GW and EM signals in the multimessenger case.Comment: Invited contribution to "Focus issue on Quantum Gravity Phenomenology in the Multi-Messenger Era: Challenges and Perspectives" to appear in Classical and Quantum Gravity, 18 pages, 6 figures, Part of the COST Action CA18108: Quantum gravity phenomenology in the multi-messenger approac

Exergy of a hybrid solar-wind reverse osmosis-MSF desalination system

A novel hybrid solar-wind reverse-osmosis (RO) multistage flash (MSF) distillation desalination system was manufac-tured and tested in actual conditions in Iran. Solar energy was used to provide both thermal and electrical power and wind energy was used to provide electrical power. Exergy analysis can be used to design more efficient energy systems by reducing inefficien-cies, and indicates opportunities for improving performance in existing systems. The exergy involved in the hybrid solar-wind RO-MSF desalination system is analyzed below using data obtained from theoretical and experimental studies. The RO and MSF systems, powered by wind and solar energy, achieved increases in the reliability and flexibility of the system and in the quality of the resulting drinking water. According to the exergy analysis, the irreversible losses from the hybrid solar-wind RO-MSF plant are concentrated in the solar collector and the multistage flash chamber. These exergy losses can be reduced by isolating the col-lector, coating the pipes and MSF walls, selecting the parameters for the vapor compressor and RO membrane and pumps, and improving the flash process. By optimizing the performance of the hybrid solar-wind RO-MSF system, the amount of water re-covery should increase, and the energy consumption should decrease, which should improve the overall efficiency of the system. Новая гибридная система многостадийной опреснительной (MSF) ректификационной опреснительной установки с использованием солнечного ветра (RO) была изготовлена ??и испытана в реальных условиях в Иране. Энергия ветра была необходима для обеспечения электрической энергии. Эксергетический анализ может быть использован для разработки более эффективных энергетических систем. Эксергия, задействованная в гибридной системе опреснения RO-MSF солнечного ветра, проанализирована ниже с использованием данных, полученных в результате теоретических и экспериментальных исследований.Системы RO и MSF, работающие от энергии ветра и солнца, гарантируют повышение надежности и гибкости системы. Согласно эксергетическому анализу, необратимые потери от гибридной установки RO-MSF с солнечным ветром сосредоточены в солнечном коллекторе и многоступенчатой ??испарительной камере. Эти параметры могут быть уменьшены за счет изоляции коллектора, покрытия труб и стен MSF, а также улучшения процесса вспышки. Оптимизирующая производительность гибридной системы RO-MSF мощность солнечного ветра должна увеличиваться, а потребление энергии должно снизиться, что должно повысить общую эффективность системы. и улучшение процесса прошивки.Оптимизирующая производительность гибридной системы RO-MSF мощность солнечного ветра должна увеличиваться, а потребление энергии должно снизиться, что должно повысить общую эффективность системы. и улучшение процесса прошивки. Оптимизирующая производительность гибридной системы RO-MSF мощность солнечного ветра должна увеличиваться, а потребление энергии должно снизиться, что должно повысить общую эффективность системы