71 research outputs found
Biosynthesis and Properties of PHA Containing Monomers 3-Hydroxy-4-Methylvalerate
ΠΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π° ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌΠ° Cupriavidus eutrophus B10646 ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ, ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅ 3-Π³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈ-4-ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ»Π²Π°Π»Π΅ΡΠ°Ρ (3Π4ΠΠ) [Π(3ΠΠ/3ΠΠ/3Π4ΠΠ)]. ΠΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Π° Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π·Π° ΡΡΠ΅Ρ
ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ², ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°ΡΠΈΡ
ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ 3ΠΠ, 3ΠΠ ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ 3Π4ΠΠ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π³Π»ΡΠΊΠΎΠ·Ρ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΡ ΠΈ ΡΡΠ±ΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠ°-ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°. Π‘ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ² Ρ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ 3Π4ΠΠ ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎ 7,7 ΠΌΠΎΠ». %. ΠΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ΅Π½ΠΈ ΠΊΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ² 3ΠΠ ΠΈ 3Π4ΠΠ Π½Π° ΡΠΎΠ½Π΅ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΏΠ°Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Ρ ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΡThe ability of wild-type strain Cupriavidus eutrophus B10646 to synthesize copolymers containing 3-hydroxy-4-methylvalerate (3H4MV) [P(3HB/3HV/3H4MV)] was studied. The possibility of synthesis of terpolymers containing 3HB, 3HV and 3H4MV monomers using glucose, or butyric acid and co-substrate was shown. A family of copolymers with different content of 3H4MV monomer was synthesized. The highest content of 3H4MV was 7.7 mol. %. Increase of 3HV and 3H4MV content in copolymers caused the reduction of crystallinity degree and of molecular weight, and changes of thermal characteristics of copolymer
Isolation and Purification of Polyhydroxyalkanoates. Scaling in Pilot Production
ΠΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡ Π²ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈβ3-Π³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ±ΡΡΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ° Π² ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΡΠ°Π±ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ. Π ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠ±ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΡΡΡΠΈΡ
Π°Π³Π΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ Π΄ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°Ρ Π½Π°ΡΡΠΈΡ,
Π³ΠΈΠΏΠΎΡ
Π»ΠΎΡΠΈΡ Π½Π°ΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΡΡΠΈΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΊ Β«ΠΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΡΒ». ΠΠ°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΉ Π²ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄ 95 %, ΠΈ ΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠ° ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°
99,5 % Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ³Π½ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π΄Π²ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠΉΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π° ΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΊΠ° Β«ΠΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΡΒ»
Π² ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠ±ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΡΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ Π°Π³Π΅Π½ΡΠ°. Π ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΠ΄Π°Π»ΠΎΡΡ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΡ Π·Π°ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ Π½Π° ΡΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠΈ
ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠ±ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π΄ΠΎ 31 ΡΡΠ±/ΠΊΠ³ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈβ3-Π³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ±ΡΡΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ°. ΠΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π²Π½Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½Ρ
ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² Π°ΠΏΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΡΡ ΡΡ
Π΅ΠΌΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°The process of isolating and purifying polyβ3-hydroxybutyrate under scaling conditions has been studied. Sodium dodecyl sulfate, sodium hypochlorite and Pemos washing powder were studied as solubilizing agents. The highest yield of 95 % and polymer purity of 99.5 % was achieved using a two- stage extraction method and Pemos powder as a solubilizing agent. As a result, it was possible to reduce the costs at the solubilization stage to 31 rubles/kg of polyβ3-hydroxybutyrate. Based on the research results, a technology for the isolation and purification of polyhydroxyalkanoates was propose
Waste Fish Oil is a Promising Substrate for the Synthesis of Target Products of Biotechnology
ΠΠΈΡ, ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΈΠ· ΠΎΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡΠΈΠ±Π°Π»ΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΈΠ»ΡΠΊΠΈ (Sprattus
sprattus), Π²ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ Π² ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅ ΡΠ³Π»Π΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ±ΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠ° Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π·Π° Π±Π΅Π»ΠΊΠ° ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΡΡΠ°Π΅ΠΌΡΡ
Π±ΠΈΠΎΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² (ΠΠΠ) Π² ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΡΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠ΅Ρ
ΡΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌΠΎΠ² Π±Π°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΉ:
Cupriavidus necator Bβ5786, C. necator Bβ8562, C. necator Bβ10646. Π ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠΌ ΠΆΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠΈΠ΅
Π»ΠΈΠΏΠΈΠ΄Ρ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ 95 %, Π±Π΅Π»ΠΎΠΊ ΠΈ ΡΠ³Π»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ 4 ΠΈ 1 % ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ; Π² ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π΅ ΠΆΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡ
(ΠΠ) Π»ΠΈΠΏΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ 16 ΠΆΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡ Ρ Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΠ°Π»ΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ (28,0 %
ΠΎΡ ΡΡΠΌΠΌΡ ΠΠ), ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ (25,3 % ΠΎΡ ΡΡΠΌΠΌΡ ΠΠ), Π΄ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ·Π°Π³Π΅ΠΊΡΠ°Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ (16,7 % ΠΎΡ ΡΡΠΌΠΌΡ ΠΠ)
ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡ. ΠΡΠΈ Π²Π°ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ² Π²ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π±Π°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π°Π·ΠΎΡΠ°
Π² ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Π° Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π·Π° Π±Π΅Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ Π±ΠΈΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΡΡ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π·Π΅ΡΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΠΠΠ. ΠΠ° ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅
Π²ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌΡ ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΡΡΡΡ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ±Π΅Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΡΡ Π±ΠΈΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΡΡ Ρ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Β«ΡΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎΒ» ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΈΠ½Π° ΠΈ Π±Π΅Π»ΠΊΠ°
Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π΅ 70 ΠΈ 50 % ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΠΌ Π½Π°Π±ΠΎΡΠΎΠΌ Π°ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡ, Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ°Ρ Π½Π΅Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΌΡΠ΅.
ΠΡΠΈ Π»ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ Π±Π°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎ Π°Π·ΠΎΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΠ΅ (Π΄ΠΎ 60β70 %) Π²ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΠΠ,
ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ 3-Ρ
ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½ΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈ(3-Π³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ±ΡΡΠΈΡΠ°Ρ-ΡΠΎβ3-
Π³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π»Π΅ΡΠ°Ρ-ΡΠΎβ3-
Π³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ³Π΅ΠΊΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ°Ρ) (Π(3ΠΠβΡΠΎβ3ΠΠβΡΠΎβ3ΠΠ)) Ρ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ 3ΠΠ ΠΈ 3ΠΠ ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ
0,20β0,31 ΠΈ 0,04β0,07 ΠΌΠΎΠ».% ΠΈ ΡΠΎ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π½Π΅Π²Π΅ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΡ Π½Π΅ Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅
600 ΠΊΠΠ° ΠΈ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ΅Π½ΡΡ ΠΊΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΄ΠΊΠ° 70 %. ΠΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΆΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°ΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΎΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄
ΡΡΠ±ΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ½Π΅ΡΡΠΈ ΠΊ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΌΡ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΡΠΏΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΡΠ±ΡΡΡΠ°ΡΡ Π΄Π»Ρ
Π±ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π±Π΅Π»ΠΊΠ° ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΈ Π±ΠΈΠΎΡΠ°Π·ΡΡΡΠ°Π΅ΠΌΡΡ
Β«Π·Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΡΡ
Β» ΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ²Fat derived from the waste of the Baltic sprat (Sprattus sprattus) canning industry was studied as a carbon substrate for the synthesis of single cell protein and degradable bioplastics, polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs), in the culture of three bacterial strains: Cupriavidus necator Bβ5786, C. necator Bβ8562, and C. necator Bβ10646. The fatty substrate used in the present study contained 95 % of total lipids, 4 % of proteins, and 1 % of carbohydrates. Sixteen fatty acids (FAs) of lipids were identified, with palmitic (28.0 %), oleic (25.3 %), and docosahexaenoic (16.7 %) acids prevailing. The modes of cell cultivation were varied and the concentration of nitrogen in the medium was changed to direct metabolism towards synthesis of single cell protein or reserve PHAs. On complete nutrient medium, all strains synthesized high- protein biomass containing at least 70 and 50 % of βcrudeβ protein and protein, respectively, which were complete in amino acids, including essential ones. When bacterial growth was limited by nitrogen, high (up to 60β70 %) yields of PHAs were obtained. The PHAs were represented by 3-component copolymers poly(3-hydroxybutyrtae-coβ3-hydroxyvalerate-coβ3-hydroxyhaxanoate) (P(3HBβcoβ3HVβcoβ3HHx)) with 0.20β0.31 mol.% of 3HV and 0.04β0.07 mol.% of 3HHx and with a weight average molecular weight of at least 600 kDa and a degree of crystallinity of about 70 %. Based on these parameters, the fat- containing waste of the canning industry can be regarded as a promising renewable substrate for the biotechnological production of single cell protein and biodegradable βgreenβ plastics β polyhydroxyalkanoate
Modern Biomaterials: World Trends, Place and Role of Microbial Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs)
Π‘ΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ ΡΠΈΡΡΡΡ
ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ², Π²ΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ²Π°ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΡ Π² Π±ΠΈΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΊΡΡΠ³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅
ΡΠΈΠΊΠ»Ρ, ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ· ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π²ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌ ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ. Π‘Π²ΡΠ·Π°Π½ΠΎ ΡΡΠΎ Ρ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ
ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°ΠΌΠΈ, Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΡΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π² ΡΠ²ΡΠ·ΠΈ Ρ Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π² Π±ΠΈΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ², Π°
ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π±Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΠΌΠΈ Π½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΉΡΠΈΡ
Π±ΠΈΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΉ. Π ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ Π΄Π°Π½Ρ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ
Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π΄Ρ Π² ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈ Π±ΠΈΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ², ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΎ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ»Ρ
ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΡ
ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΡΡΠ°Π΅ΠΌΡΡ
Π±ΠΈΠΎΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² (ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ°ΡΠΎΠ², ΠΠΠ).
ΠΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ, ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ² ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠ°
Π²Π΅Π΄ΡΡΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ, ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Ρ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΌΡΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ
ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΠΠ Π² Π Π€. ΠΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ ΠΎΠ±Π·ΠΎΡ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ², ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π² ΠΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΠ΅ Π±ΠΈΠΎΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΠΊΠΈ
Π‘Π Π ΠΠ ΠΈ Π‘ΠΈΠ±ΠΈΡΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅, Π² ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ
ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°Π½Ρ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ Π½Π° ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅
ΠΎΠΏΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ² ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π·Π° ΠΠΠ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΡ ΡΠΎ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ²Π°ΠΌΠΈ
Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΠΎΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ²; ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ
ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΈΠ·Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ Π² Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ 2D- ΠΈ 3D-ΡΠΎΡΠΌ, ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΈ ΡΠ½Π΄ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π·Ρ,
Π±ΠΈΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΌΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΡΡΡΠΈΡ, ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΠ½ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈ Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΡΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΊ Π² Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ Π½Π°Π½ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΡΠ»ΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΊΠΈΡ
Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ½; Π²ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½Ρ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ Π½Π°ΡΠ°ΡΡ
ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΡΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½Ρ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Ρ ΠΠΠ Π² ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅ ΡΠΏΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Π° Π΄Π»Ρ
ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ² Π·Π°ΡΠΈΡΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ, Π² Π±ΠΈΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Π΅Development of environmentally friendly materials that could be involved in the biospheric cycling is
one of the key issues of the present time due to both environmental hazard caused by accumulation
of synthetic materials in the biosphere and the needs of modern biomedical technologies. The study
analyzes the state of the art and current international trends in biomaterials research and the position
and role of degradable bioplastics synthesized by microorganisms (polyhydroxyalkanoates, PHAs).
The data are reported on the processes and production of this class of polymers by worldβs leading
companies; potentials for the development of commercial production of degradable PHAs in Russia
are investigated. Institute of Biophysics SB RAS and Siberian Federal University have developed
the technologies of the synthesis of PHAs with different chemical structure, exhibiting properties of
high-crystallinity thermoplasts and construction elastomers, and used them in pilot production of
these polymers. The researchers have constructed 2D and 3D polymer devices, implants, prostheses,
biocompatible coatings, microcarriers of drugs and functioning cells as nanoparticles and ultrafine
fibers; preclinical trials have been performed and clinical trials started. PHAs have been studied as
material for packaging, for constructing fertilizer formulations and plant protectants; for biomedical
application
Degradable Polyhydroxyalkanoates of Microbial Origin as a Technical Analog of Non-Degradable Polyolefines
Π ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ, ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Ρ Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π² Π±ΠΈΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ². ΠΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ² Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Π°ΠΌ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ β Π±ΠΈΠΎΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌ β ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΡΡ
ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ, ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΡΠΌ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ Π² ΠΎΠΊΡΡΠΆΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅ Π΄ΠΎ
Π±Π΅Π·Π²ΡΠ΅Π΄Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠΎΠ². ΠΡ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ°ΡΡ (ΠΠΠ) β
Π±ΠΈΠΎΡΠ°Π·ΡΡΡΠ°Π΅ΠΌΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ², ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΡ
Π±ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠΌ, ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ
Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌ ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ°Π·ΡΡΡΠ°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈThe paper considers problems concerning accumulation of synthetic plastic wastes in the biosphere. A set
of data is presented on materials of new generation β polymers of natural origin (bioplastics) which
can degrade in the environment to harmless products. Biotechnologically synthesized biodegradable
microbial polyhydroxyalkanoates and mechanisms of their degradability are characterize
ΠΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ°Π» Π±ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅Ρ Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ Π·Π°ΡΠΈΡΡ ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΡΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡ ΡΡΠΎΠΆΠ°Ρ
The study deals with problems of crop losses caused by pathogens, pests, and weeds and the global environmental problem of accumulation of protective chemicals in the biosphere. The author discusses potentials of biotechnology for plant protection and for decreasing the use of xenobiotics by replacing them with biofertilizers and biopesticides. Special attention is paid to the recent lines of research aimed at development and use of new-generation targeted and slow-release biotechnological preparations embedded in degradable matrix of microbial plastics β polyhydroxyalkanoatesΠ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ, ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΌΠΈ Π² ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ Π½Π° ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΡΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π±ΡΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½Π΅ΠΉ, Π²ΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎΠ², Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Ρ Π³Π»ΠΎΠ±Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ Π°ΠΊΠΊΡΠΌΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΈ Π² Π±ΠΈΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ Ρ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ² Π·Π°ΡΠΈΡΡ. Π Π°ΡΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Ρ Π±ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ Π·Π°ΡΠΈΡΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠΎΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² Π·Π° ΡΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π±ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ Π±ΠΈΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ². Π£Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ΅ Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΉΡΠΈΠΌ Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡΠΌ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ, ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌ Π½Π° ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΡ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π°Π΄ΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠ»Π³ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π±ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ, Π΄Π΅ΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π² ΡΠ°Π·ΡΡΡΠ°Π΅ΠΌΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Ρ ΠΈΠ· ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΡΡ
Π±ΠΈΠΎΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ°ΡΠΎ
Bacterial Cellulose (BC) and BC Composites: Production and Properties
The synthesis of bacterial cellulose (BC) by Komagataeibacter xylinus strain B-12068 was investigated on various C-substrates, under submerged conditions with stirring and in static surface cultures. We implemented the synthesis of BC on glycerol, glucose, beet molasses, sprat oil, and a mixture of glucose with sunflower oil. The most productive process was obtained during the production of inoculum in submerged culture and subsequent growth of large BC films (up to 0.2 m2 and more) in a static surface culture. The highest productivity of the BC synthesis process was obtained with the growth of bacteria on molasses and glycerol, 1.20 and 1.45 g/L per day, respectively. We obtained BC composites with silver nanoparticles (BC/AgNPs) and antibacterial drugs (chlorhexidine, baneocin, cefotaxime, and doripenem), and investigated the structure, physicochemical, and mechanical properties of composites. The disc-diffusion method showed pronounced antibacterial activity of BC composites against E. coli ATCC 25922 and S. aureus ATCC 25923
Modern Biomaterials: World Trends, Place and Role of Microbial Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs)
Π‘ΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ ΡΠΈΡΡΡΡ
ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ², Π²ΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ²Π°ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΡ Π² Π±ΠΈΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΊΡΡΠ³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅
ΡΠΈΠΊΠ»Ρ, ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ· ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π²ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌ ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ. Π‘Π²ΡΠ·Π°Π½ΠΎ ΡΡΠΎ Ρ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ
ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°ΠΌΠΈ, Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΡΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π² ΡΠ²ΡΠ·ΠΈ Ρ Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π² Π±ΠΈΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ², Π°
ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π±Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΠΌΠΈ Π½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΉΡΠΈΡ
Π±ΠΈΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΉ. Π ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ Π΄Π°Π½Ρ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ
Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π΄Ρ Π² ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈ Π±ΠΈΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ², ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΎ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ»Ρ
ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΡ
ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΡΡΠ°Π΅ΠΌΡΡ
Π±ΠΈΠΎΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² (ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ°ΡΠΎΠ², ΠΠΠ).
ΠΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ, ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ² ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠ°
Π²Π΅Π΄ΡΡΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ, ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Ρ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΌΡΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ
ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΠΠ Π² Π Π€. ΠΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ ΠΎΠ±Π·ΠΎΡ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ², ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π² ΠΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΠ΅ Π±ΠΈΠΎΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΠΊΠΈ
Π‘Π Π ΠΠ ΠΈ Π‘ΠΈΠ±ΠΈΡΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅, Π² ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ
ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°Π½Ρ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ Π½Π° ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅
ΠΎΠΏΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ² ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π·Π° ΠΠΠ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΡ ΡΠΎ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ²Π°ΠΌΠΈ
Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΠΎΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ²; ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ
ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΈΠ·Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ Π² Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ 2D- ΠΈ 3D-ΡΠΎΡΠΌ, ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΈ ΡΠ½Π΄ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π·Ρ,
Π±ΠΈΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΌΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΡΡΡΠΈΡ, ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΠ½ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈ Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΡΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΊ Π² Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ Π½Π°Π½ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΡΠ»ΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΊΠΈΡ
Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ½; Π²ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½Ρ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ Π½Π°ΡΠ°ΡΡ
ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΡΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½Ρ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Ρ ΠΠΠ Π² ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅ ΡΠΏΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Π° Π΄Π»Ρ
ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ² Π·Π°ΡΠΈΡΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ, Π² Π±ΠΈΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Π΅Development of environmentally friendly materials that could be involved in the biospheric cycling is
one of the key issues of the present time due to both environmental hazard caused by accumulation
of synthetic materials in the biosphere and the needs of modern biomedical technologies. The study
analyzes the state of the art and current international trends in biomaterials research and the position
and role of degradable bioplastics synthesized by microorganisms (polyhydroxyalkanoates, PHAs).
The data are reported on the processes and production of this class of polymers by worldβs leading
companies; potentials for the development of commercial production of degradable PHAs in Russia
are investigated. Institute of Biophysics SB RAS and Siberian Federal University have developed
the technologies of the synthesis of PHAs with different chemical structure, exhibiting properties of
high-crystallinity thermoplasts and construction elastomers, and used them in pilot production of
these polymers. The researchers have constructed 2D and 3D polymer devices, implants, prostheses,
biocompatible coatings, microcarriers of drugs and functioning cells as nanoparticles and ultrafine
fibers; preclinical trials have been performed and clinical trials started. PHAs have been studied as
material for packaging, for constructing fertilizer formulations and plant protectants; for biomedical
application
Production of Oriented Fibers out of Poly(Hydroxybutyrate/Hydroxyvalerate) Copolymers and Testing of Mechanical Stability under Static and Cyclic Loads
We investigated the process of production of oriented fibers by melt spinning of biodegradable hydroxybutyrate and hydroxyvalerate (PHBV) copolymers. It was revealed that temperature has a large effect on the stability of extrusion and quality of fibers, and the optimal paramter values were found. We showed that the diameter of fibers and orientation degree depend on the spinning rate which can vary in a wide range (from 2-3 to 40 m/min), not affecting the quality of fibers. We studied the extensibility and deformability of fibers at different temperatures and found the conditions allowing to produce fibers with the diameter of 0.17-0.20 mm with high mechanical characteristics (strength 306 MPa, elasticity modulus 3 GPa, elongation at break 24%), that were stable during the 3 month period of observation. We obtained and analyzed extension curves on which three areas were fixed: linear elasticity, visible deformation, totally nonreversible deformation, which is typical for the elongation curves of polymer elastomers. It was stated that the produced fibers have high mechanical stability at static and cyclic loading conditions (up to 100 MPa); in the area of linear elasticity the deformation of fibers is practically totally reversible after 1000 cycles of loading
Modern Biomaterials: World Trends, Place and Role of Microbial Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs)
Π‘ΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ ΡΠΈΡΡΡΡ
ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ², Π²ΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ²Π°ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΡ Π² Π±ΠΈΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΊΡΡΠ³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅
ΡΠΈΠΊΠ»Ρ, ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ· ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π²ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌ ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ. Π‘Π²ΡΠ·Π°Π½ΠΎ ΡΡΠΎ Ρ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ
ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°ΠΌΠΈ, Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΡΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π² ΡΠ²ΡΠ·ΠΈ Ρ Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π² Π±ΠΈΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ², Π°
ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π±Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΠΌΠΈ Π½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΉΡΠΈΡ
Π±ΠΈΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΉ. Π ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ Π΄Π°Π½Ρ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ
Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π΄Ρ Π² ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈ Π±ΠΈΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ², ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΎ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ»Ρ
ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΡ
ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΡΡΠ°Π΅ΠΌΡΡ
Π±ΠΈΠΎΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² (ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ°ΡΠΎΠ², ΠΠΠ).
ΠΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ, ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ² ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠ°
Π²Π΅Π΄ΡΡΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ, ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Ρ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΌΡΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ
ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΠΠ Π² Π Π€. ΠΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ ΠΎΠ±Π·ΠΎΡ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ², ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π² ΠΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΠ΅ Π±ΠΈΠΎΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΠΊΠΈ
Π‘Π Π ΠΠ ΠΈ Π‘ΠΈΠ±ΠΈΡΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅, Π² ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ
ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°Π½Ρ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ Π½Π° ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅
ΠΎΠΏΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ² ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π·Π° ΠΠΠ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΡ ΡΠΎ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ²Π°ΠΌΠΈ
Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΠΎΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ²; ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ
ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΈΠ·Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ Π² Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ 2D- ΠΈ 3D-ΡΠΎΡΠΌ, ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΈ ΡΠ½Π΄ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π·Ρ,
Π±ΠΈΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΌΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΡΡΡΠΈΡ, ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΠ½ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈ Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΡΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΊ Π² Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ Π½Π°Π½ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΡΠ»ΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΊΠΈΡ
Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ½; Π²ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½Ρ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ Π½Π°ΡΠ°ΡΡ
ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΡΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½Ρ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Ρ ΠΠΠ Π² ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅ ΡΠΏΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Π° Π΄Π»Ρ
ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ² Π·Π°ΡΠΈΡΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ, Π² Π±ΠΈΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Π΅Development of environmentally friendly materials that could be involved in the biospheric cycling is
one of the key issues of the present time due to both environmental hazard caused by accumulation
of synthetic materials in the biosphere and the needs of modern biomedical technologies. The study
analyzes the state of the art and current international trends in biomaterials research and the position
and role of degradable bioplastics synthesized by microorganisms (polyhydroxyalkanoates, PHAs).
The data are reported on the processes and production of this class of polymers by worldβs leading
companies; potentials for the development of commercial production of degradable PHAs in Russia
are investigated. Institute of Biophysics SB RAS and Siberian Federal University have developed
the technologies of the synthesis of PHAs with different chemical structure, exhibiting properties of
high-crystallinity thermoplasts and construction elastomers, and used them in pilot production of
these polymers. The researchers have constructed 2D and 3D polymer devices, implants, prostheses,
biocompatible coatings, microcarriers of drugs and functioning cells as nanoparticles and ultrafine
fibers; preclinical trials have been performed and clinical trials started. PHAs have been studied as
material for packaging, for constructing fertilizer formulations and plant protectants; for biomedical
application
- β¦