71 research outputs found

    Biosynthesis and Properties of PHA Containing Monomers 3-Hydroxy-4-Methylvalerate

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    ИсслСдована ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡˆΡ‚Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ° Cupriavidus eutrophus B10646 ΡΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Π·ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ сополимСры, содСрТащиС 3-гидрокси-4-ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΈΠ»Π²Π°Π»Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ (3Π“4ΠœΠ’) [П(3Π“Π‘/3Π“Π’/3Π“4ΠœΠ’)]. Показана Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ синтСза Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Ρ…ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… сополимСров, содСрТащих ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‹ 3Π“Π‘, 3Π“Π’ ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‹ 3Π“4ΠœΠ’ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ использовании Π³Π»ΡŽΠΊΠΎΠ·Ρ‹ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ масляной кислоты ΠΈ субстрата-ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡˆΠ΅ΡΡ‚Π²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°. Π‘ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Π·ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ сСмСйство сополимСров с Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ содСрТаниСм 3Π“4ΠœΠ’ максимально Π΄ΠΎ 7,7 ΠΌΠΎΠ». %. Показано сущСствСнноС сниТСниС стСпСни кристалличности ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΡƒΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ содСрТания ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ² 3Π“Π’ ΠΈ 3Π“4ΠœΠ’ Π½Π° Ρ„ΠΎΠ½Π΅ измСнСния тСрмичСского повСдСния сополимСров ΠΈ падСния Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹ молСкулярной массыThe ability of wild-type strain Cupriavidus eutrophus B10646 to synthesize copolymers containing 3-hydroxy-4-methylvalerate (3H4MV) [P(3HB/3HV/3H4MV)] was studied. The possibility of synthesis of terpolymers containing 3HB, 3HV and 3H4MV monomers using glucose, or butyric acid and co-substrate was shown. A family of copolymers with different content of 3H4MV monomer was synthesized. The highest content of 3H4MV was 7.7 mol. %. Increase of 3HV and 3H4MV content in copolymers caused the reduction of crystallinity degree and of molecular weight, and changes of thermal characteristics of copolymer

    Isolation and Purification of Polyhydroxyalkanoates. Scaling in Pilot Production

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    ИсслСдован процСсс выдСлСния ΠΈ очистки поли‑3-гидроксибутирата Π² условиях ΠΌΠ°ΡΡˆΡ‚Π°Π±ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ. Π’ качСствС ΡΠΎΠ»ΡŽΠ±ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… Π°Π³Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½Ρ‹ Π΄ΠΎΠ΄Π΅Ρ†ΠΈΠ»ΡΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ„Π°Ρ‚ натрия, Π³ΠΈΠΏΠΎΡ…Π»ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚ натрия ΠΈ ΡΡ‚ΠΈΡ€Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡˆΠΎΠΊ «ПСмос». Наибольший Π²Ρ‹Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ 95 %, ΠΈ чистота ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π° 99,5 % достигнут ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ использовании двухстадийного ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Π° экстракции ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡˆΠΊΠ° «ПСмос» Π² качСствС ΡΠΎΠ»ΡŽΠ±ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π°Π³Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π°. Π’ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Π΅ Ρ‡Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΡƒΠ΄Π°Π»ΠΎΡΡŒ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π·Π°Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹ Π½Π° стадии ΡΠΎΠ»ΡŽΠ±ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Π΄ΠΎ 31 Ρ€ΡƒΠ±/ΠΊΠ³ поли‑3-гидроксибутирата. По Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Π°ΠΌ исслСдований внСсСны измСнСния Π² Π°ΠΏΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΡƒΡ€Π½ΡƒΡŽ ΠΈ Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ‡Π΅ΡΠΊΡƒΡŽ схСму процСссаThe process of isolating and purifying poly‑3-hydroxybutyrate under scaling conditions has been studied. Sodium dodecyl sulfate, sodium hypochlorite and Pemos washing powder were studied as solubilizing agents. The highest yield of 95 % and polymer purity of 99.5 % was achieved using a two- stage extraction method and Pemos powder as a solubilizing agent. As a result, it was possible to reduce the costs at the solubilization stage to 31 rubles/kg of poly‑3-hydroxybutyrate. Based on the research results, a technology for the isolation and purification of polyhydroxyalkanoates was propose

    Waste Fish Oil is a Promising Substrate for the Synthesis of Target Products of Biotechnology

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    Π–ΠΈΡ€, ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΈΠ· ΠΎΡ‚Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² производства консСрвов прибалтийской кильки (Sprattus sprattus), Π²ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²Ρ‹Π΅ исслСдован Π² качСствС ΡƒΠ³Π»Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ субстрата для синтСза Π±Π΅Π»ΠΊΠ° ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€ΡƒΡˆΠ°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹Ρ… биопластиков полигидроксиалканоатов (ΠŸΠ“Π) Π² ΠΊΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Π΅ Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Ρ… ΡˆΡ‚Π°ΠΌΠΌΠΎΠ² Π±Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΉ: Cupriavidus necator B‑5786, C. necator B‑8562, C. necator B‑10646. Π’ исслСдуСмом ΠΆΠΈΡ€Π΅ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰ΠΈΠ΅ Π»ΠΈΠΏΠΈΠ΄Ρ‹ составили 95 %, Π±Π΅Π»ΠΎΠΊ ΠΈ ΡƒΠ³Π»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹ 4 ΠΈ 1 % соотвСтствСнно; Π² составС ΠΆΠΈΡ€Π½Ρ‹Ρ… кислот (Π–Πš) Π»ΠΈΠΏΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ 16 ΠΆΠΈΡ€Π½Ρ‹Ρ… кислот с Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΠ°Π»ΡŒΠΌΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ (28,0 % ΠΎΡ‚ суммы Π–Πš), ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ (25,3 % ΠΎΡ‚ суммы Π–Πš), докозагСксаСновой (16,7 % ΠΎΡ‚ суммы Π–Πš) кислот. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ Π²Π°Ρ€ΡŒΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ² выращивания Π±Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ†Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Π°Π·ΠΎΡ‚Π° Π² срСдС ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Π° Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ синтСза Π±Π΅Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ биомассы ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Ρ€Π΅Π·Π΅Ρ€Π²Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠŸΠ“Π. На ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΠΉ срСдС всС ΡˆΡ‚Π°ΠΌΠΌΡ‹ ΡΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Π·ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ Π²Ρ‹ΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ±Π΅Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΡƒΡŽ биомассу с содСрТаниСм «сырого» ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚Π΅ΠΈΠ½Π° ΠΈ Π±Π΅Π»ΠΊΠ° Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π΅ 70 ΠΈ 50 % соотвСтствСнно с ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ Π½Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌ аминокислот, Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Ρ Π½Π΅Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΌΡ‹Π΅. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ Π»ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ ростС Π±Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎ Π°Π·ΠΎΡ‚Ρƒ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½Ρ‹ высокиС (Π΄ΠΎ 60–70 %) Π²Ρ‹Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹ ΠŸΠ“Π, прСдставлСнныС 3-Ρ… ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ сополимСрами ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈ(3-гидроксибутират-со‑3- гидроксивалСрат-со‑3- гидроксигСксаноат) (П(3ГБ‑со‑3ГВ‑со‑3Π“Π“)) с содСрТаниСм 3Π“Π’ ΠΈ 3Π“Π“ соотвСтствСнно 0,20–0,31 ΠΈ 0,04–0,07 ΠΌΠΎΠ».% ΠΈ со значСниями срСднСвСсовой молСкулярной массы Π½Π΅ Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅ 600 ΠΊΠ”Π° ΠΈ ΡΡ‚Π΅ΠΏΠ΅Π½ΡŒΡŽ кристалличности порядка 70 %. Π˜ΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ ТиросодСрТащий ΠΎΡ‚Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ Ρ€Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ отнСсти ΠΊ пСрспСктивному возобновляСмому ΠΈ доступному субстрату для биотСхнологичСского получСния Π±Π΅Π»ΠΊΠ° ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΈ Π±ΠΈΠΎΡ€Π°Π·Ρ€ΡƒΡˆΠ°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹Ρ… Β«Π·Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Ρ‹Ρ…Β» пластиковFat derived from the waste of the Baltic sprat (Sprattus sprattus) canning industry was studied as a carbon substrate for the synthesis of single cell protein and degradable bioplastics, polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs), in the culture of three bacterial strains: Cupriavidus necator B‑5786, C. necator B‑8562, and C. necator B‑10646. The fatty substrate used in the present study contained 95 % of total lipids, 4 % of proteins, and 1 % of carbohydrates. Sixteen fatty acids (FAs) of lipids were identified, with palmitic (28.0 %), oleic (25.3 %), and docosahexaenoic (16.7 %) acids prevailing. The modes of cell cultivation were varied and the concentration of nitrogen in the medium was changed to direct metabolism towards synthesis of single cell protein or reserve PHAs. On complete nutrient medium, all strains synthesized high- protein biomass containing at least 70 and 50 % of β€œcrude” protein and protein, respectively, which were complete in amino acids, including essential ones. When bacterial growth was limited by nitrogen, high (up to 60–70 %) yields of PHAs were obtained. The PHAs were represented by 3-component copolymers poly(3-hydroxybutyrtae-co‑3-hydroxyvalerate-co‑3-hydroxyhaxanoate) (P(3HB‑co‑3HV‑co‑3HHx)) with 0.20–0.31 mol.% of 3HV and 0.04–0.07 mol.% of 3HHx and with a weight average molecular weight of at least 600 kDa and a degree of crystallinity of about 70 %. Based on these parameters, the fat- containing waste of the canning industry can be regarded as a promising renewable substrate for the biotechnological production of single cell protein and biodegradable β€œgreen” plastics – polyhydroxyalkanoate

    Modern Biomaterials: World Trends, Place and Role of Microbial Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs)

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    Π‘ΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ экологичСски чистых ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ², Π²ΠΏΠΈΡΡ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ…ΡΡ Π² биосфСрныС ΠΊΡ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ†ΠΈΠΊΠ»Ρ‹, являСтся ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ· ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π²Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌ соврСмСнности. Бвязано это с экологичСскими ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°ΠΌΠΈ, возникшими Π² связи с Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π² биосфСрС синтСтичСских ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ², Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ потрСбностями Π½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΉΡˆΠΈΡ… биомСдицинских Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΉ. Π’ ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠ΅ Π΄Π°Π½Ρ‹ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° состояния ΠΈ соврСмСнныС ΠΌΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π½Π΄Ρ‹ Π² области Π±ΠΈΠΎΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ², мСсто ΠΈ Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΡŒ синтСзируСмых ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€ΡƒΡˆΠ°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹Ρ… биопластиков (полигидроксиалканоатов, ΠŸΠ“Π). ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ‹ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹, ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΠΎ тСхнологиям производства ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ² этого класса Π²Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡ‰ΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΌΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ компаниями, рассмотрСны пСрспСктивы для становлСния ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΌΡ‹ΡˆΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ отрасли ΠŸΠ“Π Π² Π Π€. ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ ΠΎΠ±Π·ΠΎΡ€ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ², ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π² Π˜Π½ΡΡ‚ΠΈΡ‚ΡƒΡ‚Π΅ Π±ΠΈΠΎΡ„ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΠΊΠΈ БО РАН ΠΈ Бибирском Ρ„Π΅Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΌ унивСрситСтС, Π² ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π½Ρ‹ ΠΈ Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ‹ Π½Π° ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ ΠΎΠΏΡ‹Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… производств Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ синтСза ΠŸΠ“Π Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠΉ химичСской структуры со свойствами высококристалличных тСрмопластов ΠΈ конструкционных эластомСров; сконструированы ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π½Ρ‹Π΅ издСлия Π² Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ 2D- ΠΈ 3D-Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌ, ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΎΡΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠ»Π°Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΠΈ эндопротСзы, биосовмСстимыС покрытия, микроноситСли лСкарствСнных ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΊ Π² Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ наночастиц ΠΈ ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ½ΠΊΠΈΡ… Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ½; Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½Ρ‹ доклиничСскиС ΠΈ Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹ клиничСскиС исслСдования. ΠžΡ†Π΅Π½Π΅Π½Ρ‹ пСрспСктивы ΠŸΠ“Π Π² качСствС ΡƒΠΏΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»Π° для конструирования ΡƒΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ срСдств Π·Π°Ρ‰ΠΈΡ‚Ρ‹ растСний, Π² Π±ΠΈΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠ½Π΅Development of environmentally friendly materials that could be involved in the biospheric cycling is one of the key issues of the present time due to both environmental hazard caused by accumulation of synthetic materials in the biosphere and the needs of modern biomedical technologies. The study analyzes the state of the art and current international trends in biomaterials research and the position and role of degradable bioplastics synthesized by microorganisms (polyhydroxyalkanoates, PHAs). The data are reported on the processes and production of this class of polymers by world’s leading companies; potentials for the development of commercial production of degradable PHAs in Russia are investigated. Institute of Biophysics SB RAS and Siberian Federal University have developed the technologies of the synthesis of PHAs with different chemical structure, exhibiting properties of high-crystallinity thermoplasts and construction elastomers, and used them in pilot production of these polymers. The researchers have constructed 2D and 3D polymer devices, implants, prostheses, biocompatible coatings, microcarriers of drugs and functioning cells as nanoparticles and ultrafine fibers; preclinical trials have been performed and clinical trials started. PHAs have been studied as material for packaging, for constructing fertilizer formulations and plant protectants; for biomedical application

    Degradable Polyhydroxyalkanoates of Microbial Origin as a Technical Analog of Non-Degradable Polyolefines

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    Π’ ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠ΅ рассмотрСны ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ‹, связанныС с Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π² биосфСрС ΠΎΡ‚Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² синтСтичСских пластиков. ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ массив Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΠΎ ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»Π°ΠΌ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ поколСния – биопластикам – ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π°ΠΌ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ происхоТдСния, способным Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€ΡƒΡˆΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π² ΠΎΠΊΡ€ΡƒΠΆΠ°ΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΉ срСдС Π΄ΠΎ Π±Π΅Π·Π²Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ². ΠžΡ…Π°Ρ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ класс ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π½Ρ‹Ρ… полигидроксиалканоаты (ΠŸΠ“Π) – Π±ΠΈΠΎΡ€Π°Π·Ρ€ΡƒΡˆΠ°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹Ρ… ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ², синтСзируСмых биотСхнологичСским способом, ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌ ΠΈΡ… Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€ΡƒΡˆΠ°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈThe paper considers problems concerning accumulation of synthetic plastic wastes in the biosphere. A set of data is presented on materials of new generation – polymers of natural origin (bioplastics) which can degrade in the environment to harmless products. Biotechnologically synthesized biodegradable microbial polyhydroxyalkanoates and mechanisms of their degradability are characterize

    ΠŸΠΎΡ‚Π΅Π½Ρ†ΠΈΠ°Π» Π±ΠΈΠΎΡ‚Π΅Ρ…Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ для Π·Π°Ρ‰ΠΈΡ‚Ρ‹ ΠΊΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Π½Ρ‹Ρ… растСний ΠΈ сниТСния ΠΏΠΎΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΡŒ уроТая

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    The study deals with problems of crop losses caused by pathogens, pests, and weeds and the global environmental problem of accumulation of protective chemicals in the biosphere. The author discusses potentials of biotechnology for plant protection and for decreasing the use of xenobiotics by replacing them with biofertilizers and biopesticides. Special attention is paid to the recent lines of research aimed at development and use of new-generation targeted and slow-release biotechnological preparations embedded in degradable matrix of microbial plastics – polyhydroxyalkanoatesΠ’ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡƒΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ‹, связанныС с потСрями Π² Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Π΅ воздСйствия Π½Π° ΠΊΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Π½Ρ‹Π΅ растСния Π²ΠΎΠ·Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½Π΅ΠΉ, Π²Ρ€Π΅Π΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΈ сорняков, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ с глобальной экологичСской ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ аккумуляции Π² биосфСрС химичСских срСдств Π·Π°Ρ‰ΠΈΡ‚Ρ‹. РассмотрСны пСрспСктивы Π±ΠΈΠΎΡ‚Π΅Ρ…Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ для Π·Π°Ρ‰ΠΈΡ‚Ρ‹ растСний ΠΈ сокращСния ΠΌΠ°ΡΡˆΡ‚Π°Π±ΠΎΠ² примСнСния ксСнобиотиков Π·Π° счСт примСнСния Π±ΠΈΠΎΡƒΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ биопСстицидов. Π£Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ особоС Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ новСйшим направлСниям исслСдований, ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ Π½Π° Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΡƒ ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ адрСсных ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠ»Π³ΠΎΠ²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… биотСхнологичСских ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ поколСния, Π΄Π΅ΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π² Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€ΡƒΡˆΠ°Π΅ΠΌΡƒΡŽ основу ΠΈΠ· ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π½Ρ‹Ρ… биопластиков полигидроксиалканоато

    Bacterial Cellulose (BC) and BC Composites: Production and Properties

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    The synthesis of bacterial cellulose (BC) by Komagataeibacter xylinus strain B-12068 was investigated on various C-substrates, under submerged conditions with stirring and in static surface cultures. We implemented the synthesis of BC on glycerol, glucose, beet molasses, sprat oil, and a mixture of glucose with sunflower oil. The most productive process was obtained during the production of inoculum in submerged culture and subsequent growth of large BC films (up to 0.2 m2 and more) in a static surface culture. The highest productivity of the BC synthesis process was obtained with the growth of bacteria on molasses and glycerol, 1.20 and 1.45 g/L per day, respectively. We obtained BC composites with silver nanoparticles (BC/AgNPs) and antibacterial drugs (chlorhexidine, baneocin, cefotaxime, and doripenem), and investigated the structure, physicochemical, and mechanical properties of composites. The disc-diffusion method showed pronounced antibacterial activity of BC composites against E. coli ATCC 25922 and S. aureus ATCC 25923

    Modern Biomaterials: World Trends, Place and Role of Microbial Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs)

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    Π‘ΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ экологичСски чистых ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ², Π²ΠΏΠΈΡΡ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ…ΡΡ Π² биосфСрныС ΠΊΡ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ†ΠΈΠΊΠ»Ρ‹, являСтся ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ· ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π²Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌ соврСмСнности. Бвязано это с экологичСскими ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°ΠΌΠΈ, возникшими Π² связи с Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π² биосфСрС синтСтичСских ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ², Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ потрСбностями Π½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΉΡˆΠΈΡ… биомСдицинских Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΉ. Π’ ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠ΅ Π΄Π°Π½Ρ‹ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° состояния ΠΈ соврСмСнныС ΠΌΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π½Π΄Ρ‹ Π² области Π±ΠΈΠΎΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ², мСсто ΠΈ Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΡŒ синтСзируСмых ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€ΡƒΡˆΠ°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹Ρ… биопластиков (полигидроксиалканоатов, ΠŸΠ“Π). ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ‹ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹, ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΠΎ тСхнологиям производства ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ² этого класса Π²Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡ‰ΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΌΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ компаниями, рассмотрСны пСрспСктивы для становлСния ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΌΡ‹ΡˆΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ отрасли ΠŸΠ“Π Π² Π Π€. ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ ΠΎΠ±Π·ΠΎΡ€ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ², ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π² Π˜Π½ΡΡ‚ΠΈΡ‚ΡƒΡ‚Π΅ Π±ΠΈΠΎΡ„ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΠΊΠΈ БО РАН ΠΈ Бибирском Ρ„Π΅Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΌ унивСрситСтС, Π² ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π½Ρ‹ ΠΈ Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ‹ Π½Π° ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ ΠΎΠΏΡ‹Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… производств Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ синтСза ΠŸΠ“Π Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠΉ химичСской структуры со свойствами высококристалличных тСрмопластов ΠΈ конструкционных эластомСров; сконструированы ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π½Ρ‹Π΅ издСлия Π² Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ 2D- ΠΈ 3D-Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌ, ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΎΡΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠ»Π°Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΠΈ эндопротСзы, биосовмСстимыС покрытия, микроноситСли лСкарствСнных ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΊ Π² Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ наночастиц ΠΈ ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ½ΠΊΠΈΡ… Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ½; Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½Ρ‹ доклиничСскиС ΠΈ Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹ клиничСскиС исслСдования. ΠžΡ†Π΅Π½Π΅Π½Ρ‹ пСрспСктивы ΠŸΠ“Π Π² качСствС ΡƒΠΏΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»Π° для конструирования ΡƒΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ срСдств Π·Π°Ρ‰ΠΈΡ‚Ρ‹ растСний, Π² Π±ΠΈΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠ½Π΅Development of environmentally friendly materials that could be involved in the biospheric cycling is one of the key issues of the present time due to both environmental hazard caused by accumulation of synthetic materials in the biosphere and the needs of modern biomedical technologies. The study analyzes the state of the art and current international trends in biomaterials research and the position and role of degradable bioplastics synthesized by microorganisms (polyhydroxyalkanoates, PHAs). The data are reported on the processes and production of this class of polymers by world’s leading companies; potentials for the development of commercial production of degradable PHAs in Russia are investigated. Institute of Biophysics SB RAS and Siberian Federal University have developed the technologies of the synthesis of PHAs with different chemical structure, exhibiting properties of high-crystallinity thermoplasts and construction elastomers, and used them in pilot production of these polymers. The researchers have constructed 2D and 3D polymer devices, implants, prostheses, biocompatible coatings, microcarriers of drugs and functioning cells as nanoparticles and ultrafine fibers; preclinical trials have been performed and clinical trials started. PHAs have been studied as material for packaging, for constructing fertilizer formulations and plant protectants; for biomedical application

    Production of Oriented Fibers out of Poly(Hydroxybutyrate/Hydroxyvalerate) Copolymers and Testing of Mechanical Stability under Static and Cyclic Loads

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    We investigated the process of production of oriented fibers by melt spinning of biodegradable hydroxybutyrate and hydroxyvalerate (PHBV) copolymers. It was revealed that temperature has a large effect on the stability of extrusion and quality of fibers, and the optimal paramter values were found. We showed that the diameter of fibers and orientation degree depend on the spinning rate which can vary in a wide range (from 2-3 to 40 m/min), not affecting the quality of fibers. We studied the extensibility and deformability of fibers at different temperatures and found the conditions allowing to produce fibers with the diameter of 0.17-0.20 mm with high mechanical characteristics (strength 306 MPa, elasticity modulus 3 GPa, elongation at break 24%), that were stable during the 3 month period of observation. We obtained and analyzed extension curves on which three areas were fixed: linear elasticity, visible deformation, totally nonreversible deformation, which is typical for the elongation curves of polymer elastomers. It was stated that the produced fibers have high mechanical stability at static and cyclic loading conditions (up to 100 MPa); in the area of linear elasticity the deformation of fibers is practically totally reversible after 1000 cycles of loading

    Modern Biomaterials: World Trends, Place and Role of Microbial Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs)

    No full text
    Π‘ΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ экологичСски чистых ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ², Π²ΠΏΠΈΡΡ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ…ΡΡ Π² биосфСрныС ΠΊΡ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ†ΠΈΠΊΠ»Ρ‹, являСтся ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ· ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π²Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌ соврСмСнности. Бвязано это с экологичСскими ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°ΠΌΠΈ, возникшими Π² связи с Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π² биосфСрС синтСтичСских ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ², Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ потрСбностями Π½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΉΡˆΠΈΡ… биомСдицинских Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΉ. Π’ ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠ΅ Π΄Π°Π½Ρ‹ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° состояния ΠΈ соврСмСнныС ΠΌΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π½Π΄Ρ‹ Π² области Π±ΠΈΠΎΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ², мСсто ΠΈ Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΡŒ синтСзируСмых ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€ΡƒΡˆΠ°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹Ρ… биопластиков (полигидроксиалканоатов, ΠŸΠ“Π). ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ‹ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹, ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΠΎ тСхнологиям производства ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ² этого класса Π²Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡ‰ΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΌΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ компаниями, рассмотрСны пСрспСктивы для становлСния ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΌΡ‹ΡˆΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ отрасли ΠŸΠ“Π Π² Π Π€. ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ ΠΎΠ±Π·ΠΎΡ€ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ², ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π² Π˜Π½ΡΡ‚ΠΈΡ‚ΡƒΡ‚Π΅ Π±ΠΈΠΎΡ„ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΠΊΠΈ БО РАН ΠΈ Бибирском Ρ„Π΅Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΌ унивСрситСтС, Π² ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π½Ρ‹ ΠΈ Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ‹ Π½Π° ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ ΠΎΠΏΡ‹Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… производств Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ синтСза ΠŸΠ“Π Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠΉ химичСской структуры со свойствами высококристалличных тСрмопластов ΠΈ конструкционных эластомСров; сконструированы ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π½Ρ‹Π΅ издСлия Π² Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ 2D- ΠΈ 3D-Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌ, ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΎΡΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠ»Π°Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΠΈ эндопротСзы, биосовмСстимыС покрытия, микроноситСли лСкарствСнных ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΊ Π² Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ наночастиц ΠΈ ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ½ΠΊΠΈΡ… Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ½; Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½Ρ‹ доклиничСскиС ΠΈ Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹ клиничСскиС исслСдования. ΠžΡ†Π΅Π½Π΅Π½Ρ‹ пСрспСктивы ΠŸΠ“Π Π² качСствС ΡƒΠΏΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»Π° для конструирования ΡƒΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ срСдств Π·Π°Ρ‰ΠΈΡ‚Ρ‹ растСний, Π² Π±ΠΈΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠ½Π΅Development of environmentally friendly materials that could be involved in the biospheric cycling is one of the key issues of the present time due to both environmental hazard caused by accumulation of synthetic materials in the biosphere and the needs of modern biomedical technologies. The study analyzes the state of the art and current international trends in biomaterials research and the position and role of degradable bioplastics synthesized by microorganisms (polyhydroxyalkanoates, PHAs). The data are reported on the processes and production of this class of polymers by world’s leading companies; potentials for the development of commercial production of degradable PHAs in Russia are investigated. Institute of Biophysics SB RAS and Siberian Federal University have developed the technologies of the synthesis of PHAs with different chemical structure, exhibiting properties of high-crystallinity thermoplasts and construction elastomers, and used them in pilot production of these polymers. The researchers have constructed 2D and 3D polymer devices, implants, prostheses, biocompatible coatings, microcarriers of drugs and functioning cells as nanoparticles and ultrafine fibers; preclinical trials have been performed and clinical trials started. PHAs have been studied as material for packaging, for constructing fertilizer formulations and plant protectants; for biomedical application
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