Multi-Scale Residual Depthwise Separable Convolution for Metro Passenger Flow Prediction

Accurate prediction of metro passenger flow helps operating departments optimize scheduling plans, alleviate passenger flow pressure, and improve service quality. However, existing passenger flow prediction models tend to only consider the historical passenger flow of a single station while ignoring the spatial relationships between different stations and correlations between passenger flows, resulting in low prediction accuracy. Therefore, a multi-scale residual depthwise separable convolution network (MRDSCNN) is proposed for metro passenger flow prediction, which consists of three pivotal components, including residual depthwise separable convolution (RDSC), multi-scale depthwise separable convolution (MDSC), and attention bidirectional gated recurrent unit (AttBiGRU). The RDSC module is designed to capture local spatial and temporal correlations leveraging the diverse temporal patterns of passenger flows, and then the MDSC module is specialized in obtaining the inter-station correlations between the target station and other heterogeneous stations throughout the metro network. Subsequently, these correlations are fed into AttBiGRU to extract global interaction features and obtain passenger flow prediction results. Finally, the Hangzhou metro passenger inflow and outflow data are employed to assess the model performance, and the results show that the proposed model outperforms other models

Numerical Analyses of Slope Stability Considering Grading and Seepage Prevention

The normal operation of the Yulangpei tailings reservoir is affected by landslide stability. In this paper, taking the main and side slopes near the dam bank of the Yulangpei ditch as an example, the water–soil coupling theory is applied to comprehensively evaluate the reliability of the side slopes of the tailings reservoir. Grading and seepage prevention (GSP) measures and the suction of the substrate are considered, as well as the infiltration of different rainfall and reservoir water levels. We numerically simulate the typical three forms of side slopes under the coupling conditions and conduct a reliable and comprehensive evaluation of the tailings reservoir side slopes. This study shows that the analysis of condition 1 indicates that the factor of safety (FS) of the bank slope shows a lag effect and that GSP can improve the FS of the slope, but not significantly for the main slope. The analysis of condition 2 shows that the weakening effect increases with the intensity of rainfall during the rainfall process, while the FS rebounds when the rainfall stops. The initial stability of the bank slope under different conditions improves after the GSP measures, but the main slope is more sensitive to the changes in rainfall and water level. The analysis of condition 3 shows that the overall trend of FS and displacement of the main slope shows a small decrease followed by a sharp increase. The FS of the side slope is negatively correlated with the change in total displacement, with a general trend of a slight increase followed by a sharp increase. After GSP, the overall FS of the main slope increases by about 3% and the total displacement decreases by about 87%, and the overall FS of the side slope increases by about 41%, while the total displacement decreases by about 66%

A Time-Scale Varying Finite Difference Method for Analyzing the Influence of Rainfall and Water Level on the Stability of a Bank Slope

A time-scale varying finite difference method (TSFDM) was proposed to analyze the influence of rainfall infiltration and water level fluctuation on the stability of a bank slope in the Yunnan Pulang tailings pond. The stability of the slope obtained by the TSFDM and the limit equilibrium method (LEM) were compared. The result indicates that the TSFDM can obtain reliable spatiotemporal variation features of geotechnical parameters of the bank slope under different conditions. The water level fluctuation has a greater impact on the stability than rainfall infiltration. In addition, the safety factor decreases as the shear strain rate increases on the weathering interface. The safety factors under all conditions are smaller than one, so corresponding measures should be taken. The research provides references for preventing disasters caused by bank slope failure

Methodological survey of designed uneven randomization trials (DU-RANDOM): a protocol

Abstract Background Although even randomization (that is, approximately 1:1 randomization ratio in study arms) provides the greatest statistical power, designed uneven randomization (DUR), (for example, 1:2 or 1:3) is used to increase participation rates. Until now, no convincing data exists addressing the impact of DUR on participation rates in trials. The objective of this study is to evaluate the epidemiology and to explore factors associated with DUR. Methods We will search for reports of RCTs published within two years in 25 general medical journals with the highest impact factor according to the Journal Citation Report (JCR)-2010. Teams of two reviewers will determine eligibility and extract relevant information from eligible RCTs in duplicate and using standardized forms. We will report the prevalence of DUR trials, the reported reasons for using DUR, and perform a linear regression analysis to estimate the association between the randomization ratio and the associated factors, including participation rate, type of informed consent, clinical area, and so on. Discussion A clearer understanding of RCTs with DUR and its association with factors in trials, for example, participation rate, can optimize trial design and may have important implications for both researchers and users of the medical literature

Methodological survey of designed uneven randomization trials (DU-RANDOM): a protocol

Artículo de publicación ISIBackground: Although even randomization (that is, approximately 1:1 randomization ratio in study arms) provides the greatest statistical power, designed uneven randomization (DUR), (for example, 1:2 or 1:3) is used to increase participation rates. Until now, no convincing data exists addressing the impact of DUR on participation rates in trials. The objective of this study is to evaluate the epidemiology and to explore factors associated with DUR. Methods: We will search for reports of RCTs published within two years in 25 general medical journals with the highest impact factor according to the Journal Citation Report (JCR)-2010. Teams of two reviewers will determine eligibility and extract relevant information from eligible RCTs in duplicate and using standardized forms. We will report the prevalence of DUR trials, the reported reasons for using DUR, and perform a linear regression analysis to estimate the association between the randomization ratio and the associated factors, including participation rate, type of informed consent, clinical area, and so on. Discussion: A clearer understanding of RCTs with DUR and its association with factors in trials, for example, participation rate, can optimize trial design and may have important implications for both researchers and users of the medical literature.This project was supported by the Scientific Research Project of Public Welfare Industry, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People’s Republic of China (number 200707004) and internal funds of McMaster University