Manufacturing and Evaluation of Mechanical Properties for Rice Husk ParticleBoard Using IoT

In recent times, different types of particleboards are being preferred in the construction of houses, partitions, furnitureetc. The production of such materials can be manufactured using rice husk, which has been obtained as waste produced inrice millers. Adhesive such as formaldehyde, when exposed to fire, causes toxic flames which are fatal in nature. The basiccondition for production of particleboards is to check the temperature and humidity content in the rice husk which has beendone by using DHT 11 sensors i.e., application of Internet of Thing (IoT) erected method. This identification helps infinding the suitable temperature through which bio-based adhesives have been prepared. In present study, two differenttypes of bio-adhesives namely tamarind with formalin and tamarind with boric acid has been used in manufacturing process.The application of IoT erected method follows a complex preparation method but will partially fulfil the job and reduceshuman involvement. Finally, when the proper temperature and moisture level has been measured, the preparation becomeseasy. After manufacturing the particleboard, the strength has been tested by a three-point bend test and have been comparedwith commercially available boards with formaldehyde base adhesive

Experimental and Finite Element Studies of Stretch Forming Process for ASS 316L at Elevated Temperature

Austenitic stainless steel 316 L grade is a material having extraordinary mechanical properties, low cost and easily available. This is the reason it was used in various industrial and nuclear applications. In the present work, ASS 316L nakazima specimens are stretched under hot forming conditions (750°C, 825°C and 900°C) at a constant strain rate (0.1s-1) along with three different orientations. These six types of nakazima specimens were used to know the formability behaviour of the material with the help of forming limit diagrams (FLD) obtained by the stretch forming process. A smaller change in Punch load and an increase in displacement were observed, which indicates the formability improvement of ASS 316L sheet metal with the increase in temperature. In addition, ABAQUS 6.13 computer code was applied for the prediction of formability from 750°C to 900°C.To improve the accuracy of the simulation, a number of integration points were accrued within the thickness direction, limiting dome height (LDH).The ductile fracture was observed from SEM images for all the temperatures. A close agreement was found between experimental and simulated results

Formability Studies of Automotive Aluminium Alloy Sheet series: A Review

The job of aluminium alloys in car and aircraft industries has been extending fundamentally over the most recent 20 years. Because of their low thickness to weight proportion and high explicit quality, aluminium turned into a solid trade for steel especially for car producing. However, to stamp a convoluted board parts from aluminium sheet is very troublesome explicitly at cold working temperatures where as far as possible are very less. To enhance formability breaking points of aluminium alloy sheet a few procedures are joined by numerous specialists like warm shaping, hot forming, superplastic forming, cold die quench (HFQ) forms and so on. This paper displays a basic study of various procedures utilized to enhance aluminium alloy sheet formability and distinguishing advantages and downsides for each procedur

Manufacturing and Evaluation of Mechanical Properties for Rice Husk Particle Board Using IoT

750-754In recent times, different types of particleboards are being preferred in the construction of houses, partitions, furniture etc. The production of such materials can be manufactured using rice husk, which has been obtained as waste produced in rice millers. Adhesive such as formaldehyde, when exposed to fire, causes toxic flames which are fatal in nature. The basic condition for production of particleboards is to check the temperature and humidity content in the rice husk which has been done by using DHT 11 sensors i.e., application of Internet of Thing (IoT) erected method. This identification helps in finding the suitable temperature through which bio-based adhesives have been prepared. In present study, two different types of bio-adhesives namely tamarind with formalin and tamarind with boric acid has been used in manufacturing process. The application of IoT erected method follows a complex preparation method but will partially fulfil the job and reduces human involvement. Finally, when the proper temperature and moisture level has been measured, the preparation becomes easy. After manufacturing the particleboard, the strength has been tested by a three-point bend test and have been compared with commercially available boards with formaldehyde base adhesive

Investigation of Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Austenite Stainless Steel 304 during Tempering and Cryogenic Heat Treatment

In the present study, the influence of heat treatment (tempering & cryogenic) on the grain orientation and few important mechanical properties of Austenite Stainless Steel 304 (ASS 304) are examined. The significant mechanical properties like ultimate strength, elongation percentage and surface hardness etc., of the experimented and untreated specimens are computed using pre standard methods and the micrographs of the specimens was conducted using metallurgical microscope. The effect of strain rate ranging from lower to higher strain rates 0.001s-1 to 0.1s-1, on true stress - true strain behaviour of tempered austenitic stainless steel 304 is investigated. Experimental results exhibited that the mechanical behaviour of ASS 304 can be reformed and improvised by several heat treatment procedures for a specific application. The results showed that the cryogenic treated specimens indicate lowest tensile strength, hardness and highest percent of elongation value compared with tempered specimen gave the maximum tensile strength, hardness and minimum percent of elongation in length value

Experimental and Finite Element Studies of Stretch Forming Process for ASS 316L at Elevated Temperature

744-749Austenitic stainless steel 316 L grade is a material having extraordinary mechanical properties, low cost and easily available. This is the reason it was used in various industrial and nuclear applications. In the present work, ASS 316L nakazima specimens are stretched under hot forming conditions (750°C, 825°C and 900°C) at a constant strain rate (0.1s-1) along with three different orientations. These six types of nakazima specimens were used to know the formability behaviour of the material with the help of forming limit diagrams (FLD) obtained by the stretch forming process. A smaller change in Punch load and an increase in displacement were observed, which indicates the formability improvement of ASS 316L sheet metal with the increase in temperature. In addition, ABAQUS 6.13 computer code was applied for the prediction of formability from 750°C to 900°C. To improve the accuracy of the simulation, a number of integration points were accrued within the thickness direction, limiting dome height (LDH).The ductile fracture was observed from SEM images for all the temperatures. A close agreement was found between experimental and simulated results

Powder Metallurgy Techniques for Titanium Alloys-A Review

Powder metallurgy (PM) is a technique in which materials or components are made from metal powders. In this paper, the overview about titanium alloys and their advantages over engineering applications has been discussed. They are very strong and also possess great mechanical properties and incredible corrosion and wear resistance, and also capable of performing operations at elevated temperatures approximately up to 600ºC. This paper provides various compositions of titanium alloys and various powder metallurgy techniques used for sintering powders of various compositions and their applications. The properties of titanium compounds show the manufacturing of cost effective component. As a result of their fantastic mechanical, physical and organic execution they are finding consistently expanding application in biomedical applications

Experimental Formability and Finite Element Studies on AISI310 Austenitic Stainless Steel

Stainless steel, an alloy comprising chromium, iron and occasionally nickel and other metals, demonstrates exceptional corrosion resistance. The transformation of metal into thin, flat components is achieved through the industrial process known as sheet metal fabrication. The utilization of metal sheets is widespread, contributing to the creation of numerous everyday items. This study aims to investigate the formability of 310 austenitic stainless steel under varying temperatures (623K, 723K, and 823K). The evaluation was executed utilizing the Nakazima test method within the context of the stretch forming procedure. Prior to delving into the assessment of formability, an exhaustive examination of the mechanical properties of the high-strength stainless steel AISI 310 was conducted. This involved subjecting the material to tensile tests at varying temperatures - specifically, 623K, 723K, and 823K - each performed at a consistent strain rate of 0.1/s. The resultant data encompassed an array of failure modes and stress-strain curves for the individual test specimens, all of which were meticulously obtained and subjected to thorough analysis.Forming limit diagrams were subsequently constructed based on the gleaned results, affording a visual representation of the material’s formability under the specific conditions studied. Moreover, these experiments were replicated through simulations employing the LS-DYNA software, with a subsequent comparative examination conducted against the tangible outcomes derived from practical experimentation