Influence of the cassava harvest month on the sensory parameters of attiéké

Cassava is an important staple food around the world, especially in Africa. It is cultivated throughout the Ivorian territory with predominance in the South. Due to the high demand, some producers opt for an early harvest, neglecting the impact of the harvest stage on the sensory parameters of cassava root derivatives. The objective of this work was to determine the stage of harvest allowing obtaining products of good sensory quality. The sensory characteristics of the attiéké were evaluated at different stages of harvest (11th, 12th, 13th and 14th months after planting the cuttings) of the cassava roots of the Yacé variety which were used for its production. The attiéké obtained in the twelfth month of harvest was generally much appreciated because it was less acidic, less fibrous and more homogeneous and had a better smell. Thus, cassava harvested in the twelfth month of cultivation makes it possible to obtain attiéké with the best sensory characteristics. Therefore, this stage of maturity of cassava roots is recommended for attiéké producers

LAMP4yaws: Treponema pallidum, Haemophilus ducreyi loop mediated isothermal amplification - protocol for a cross-sectional, observational, diagnostic accuracy study.

INTRODUCTION: Yaws, caused by the bacterium Treponema pallidum subsp. pertenue, is a neglected tropical disease targeted for eradication by 2030. Improved diagnostics will be essential to meet this goal. Diagnosis of yaws has relied heavily on clinical and serological tools. However, the presence of coendemic cutaneous skin ulcer diseases, such as lesions caused by Haemophilus ducreyi (HD), means these techniques do not provide a reliable diagnosis. Thus, new diagnostic tools are needed. Molecular tools such as PCR are ideal, but often expensive as they require trained technicians and laboratory facilities, which are often not available to national yaws programmes. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: The LAMP4yaws project is a cross-sectional, observational, diagnostic accuracy study of a combined Treponema pallidum (TP) and HD loop mediated isothermal amplification (TPHD-LAMP) test performed under real world conditions in three endemic countries in West Africa. Individuals with serologically confirmed yaws will be recruited in Cameroon, Côte d'Ivoire and Ghana. Each participant will provide paired swabs, one of which will be sent to the respective national reference laboratory for yaws quantitative PCR and the other will be tested for both TP and HD using the TPHD-LAMP test at local district laboratories. Sensitivity and specificity of the TPHD-LAMP test will be calculated against the reference standard qPCR. We will also assess the acceptability, feasibility and cost-effectiveness of the test. We anticipate that results from this study will support the adoption of the TPHD-LAMP test for use in global yaws eradication efforts. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: We have received ethical approval from all relevant institutional and national ethical committees. All participants, or their parents or guardians, must provide written informed consent prior to study enrolment. Study results will be published in an open access journal and disseminated with partners and the World Health Organization. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT04753788

Phytochemical Properties and Proximate Composition of Papaya (Carica papaya L. var solo 8) Peels

Papaya (Carica papaya) is a common tropical fruit used for nutrition as well as medicinal purposes. Apart from fruit, seed, latex and other plant parts of papaya tree have been shown to have medicinal properties. Since, no systematic study has been performed on nutritional analysis of papaya (Carica papaya L. var solo 8) peels. In this study, the proximate composition, mineral element profile and phytochemical composition of papaya (Carica papaya L. var solo 8) peels were investigated. The peels were harvested fresh, dried in an oven at 45°C for 48 hours, ground and analyzed according to standard procedures. Proximate analysis showed high level of proteins (11.67 ± 0.04 %), crude fibre (32.51 ± 0.03 %), carbohydrate (47.33 ± 0.08 %), ash (5.98 ± 0.03 %) 0.03 %) and fat (2.51 ± 0.13 %). Mineral analysis indicated the papaya (Carica papaya L. var solo 8) peels were specifically rich in potassium and phosphorus. Potassium was found to be the most abundant mineral present in the peels (516.33 ± 0.82 mg/100g). Phytochemical composition showed high level of total phenolic (65.48 ± 0.39 mg (GAE)/100 g DW), flavonoids (5.58 ± 0.83 mg (QE)/100 g DW) and tannins (10.51 ± 0.93 mg (TAE)/100 g DW). The methanolic extracts of the papaya (Carica papaya L. var solo 8) peels exhibited the high DPPH radical scavenging activities (81.89 ± 0.14 %).These data indicated that this papaya (Carica papaya L. var solo 8) peels could constitute a potential good source of natural antioxidant for local population

Influence of the Cassava Harvest Month on the Sensory Parameters of Attiéké

Cassava is an important staple food around the world, especially in Africa. It is cultivated throughout the Ivorian territory with predominance in the South. Due to the high demand, some producers opt for an early harvest, neglecting the impact of the harvest stage on the sensory parameters of cassava root derivatives. The objective of this work was to determine the stage of harvest allowing obtaining products of good sensory quality. The sensory characteristics of the attiéké were evaluated at different stages of harvest (11th, 12th, 13th and 14th months after planting the cuttings) of the cassava roots of the Yacé variety which were used for its production. The attiéké obtained in the twelfth month of harvest was generally much appreciated because it was less acidic, less fibrous and more homogeneous and had a better smell. Thus, cassava harvested in the twelfth month of cultivation makes it possible to obtain attiéké with the best sensory characteristics. Therefore, this stage of maturity of cassava roots is recommended for attiéké producers

Effect of Harvest Date on Technological Yield and Evolution of Hydrocyanic Acid Loss Rate after Transformation of Cassava Root (Manihot Esculenta CRANTZ) from Yacé Variety by Placali and Attiéké Consumed in Côte d'Ivoire

In order to contribute to their better utilization and valorization, tuberous roots of cassava (Manihot esculenta CRANTZ) of the yace variety consumed in Côte d’Ivoire have drawn our attention. Four different harvest periods of these tuberous roots were used in the study. Cassava tubers were harvested at 11th, 12th, 13th and 14th months after planting. The hydrocyanic acid loss rate and technological yield after the transformation of cassava roots (harvested at the 11th, 12th, 13th and 14th months after planting) into placali and attiéké were investigated. The results showed that the products obtained with the 11 th month of harvest had the greatest losses. Peeling (29.59 % for attiéké and 36.68 % for placali) and pressing (33.32 % for attiéké and 34.56 % for placali) are the stages causing the most significant losses during the transformation of cassava roots into placali and attiéké. The technological yield increases with the harvest period and falls after the twelfth month. The maximum corresponding to the 12th month of harvest is 81.65 % for attiéké and 70.83 % for placali. Regarding the rate of loss of hydrocyanic acid, it was moreimportant at the eleventh month of harvest for placali and attiéké with respective values of 95.85 % and 94.11 %. Cassava tubers harvested at the 12th month after planting are therefore ideal for the production of attiéké and placali