140 research outputs found
ΠΡΠ³Π° Π½Π΅ΡΡΠ°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π² ΡΠΊΡΠ°ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π³Π΅ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ΅
Π‘ΡΠ°ΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π³Π΅ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²Π΅ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ° ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π£ΠΊΡΠ°ΠΈΠ½Ρ. Π ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Ρ Π½Π΅Π³Π°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅, ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΊΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π² Π³ΠΎΡΡΠ΄Π°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΡΡΠΎΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅ Π£ΠΊΡΠ°ΠΈΠ½Ρ. Π£ΠΊΡΠ°ΠΈΠ½Π° - ΡΡΠ±Π΅ΠΆΠ½Π°Ρ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½Π° ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρ ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΠ°ΠΏΠ°Π΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈ ΠΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΌ. Π£ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΠ΅Π΅ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΠ°ΠΏΠ°Π΄Π° ΠΈ Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΈ ΠΊ ΡΠ°ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»Ρ ΡΠΊΡΠ°ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΈ Π³ΠΎΡΡΠ΄Π°ΡΡΡΠ²Π° Π² ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠΌ. Π£ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² ΡΡΡΠ°Π½Ρ Π² ΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ½Ρ ΠΠ°ΠΏΠ°Π΄Π° Π½Π΅ΡΠ΅Ρ Π²ΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ»Π°Π²ΡΠ½ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ Π½Π°ΡΠΎΠ΄Π°ΠΌ ΠΎΠ³ΡΠΎΠΌΠ½ΡΠΉ Π²ΡΠ΅Π΄. ΠΡΠΎΠΈΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π° ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°ΠΆΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ, Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π½Π° ΡΠ°ΡΠΊΠΎΠ» Π²ΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ»Π°Π²ΡΠ½ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π½Π°ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ². Π£ΠΊΡΠ°ΠΈΠ½Π° ΠΏΠΎ Π²ΠΎΠ»Π΅ Π΅Π΅ ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΌ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π² ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ
. ΠΠΎΠΏΡΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄Π²ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΡ ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΠΈ "ΠΎΡΠ°Π½ΠΆΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΈ" ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠΊΠ΅ Π‘Π¨Π Π½Π° ΠΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΊ Π½Π΅ ΡΠ²Π΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΡ ΡΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ
ΠΎΠΌ, Π½ΠΎ Π½Π°Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΎΠ³ΡΠΎΠΌΠ½ΡΠΉ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π²ΡΠ΅Π΄ Π³ΠΎΡΡΠ΄Π°ΡΡΡΠ²Ρ ΠΈ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΡΠΊΡΠ°ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌΡ Π½Π°ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ.Π‘ΡΠ°ΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ Π³Π΅ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²Π΅ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ° Π‘ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΡ Π£ΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΈ. Π ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Ρ Π½Π΅Π³Π°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ, ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΊΡΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Ρ ΡΠ²ΠΈΡΠ° Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΈ Π² Π΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π²Π½ΠΎΠΌΡ Π±ΡΠ΄ΡΠ²Π½ΠΈΡΡΠ²Ρ Π£ΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΈ. Π£ΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ½Π° - ΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ½Π° ΡΡΠ±Π΅ΠΆΡ ΠΌΡΠΆ ΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΌ ΠΠ°Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ Ρ Π‘Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ. ΠΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠ½Π½Ρ ΠΠ°Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄Ρ Ρ Π ΠΎΡΡΡ, ΡΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΈΠ»ΡΡΡΡΡΡ, ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΈ Π΄ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ·ΠΊΠΎΠ»Ρ ΡΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΡΠΏΡΠ»ΡΡΡΠ²Π° Ρ Π΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π²ΠΈ Π² ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠΌΡ. Π‘ΠΏΡΡΠΌΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΊΡΠ² ΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΈ Ρ Π±ΡΠΊ ΠΠ°Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄Ρ Π½Π΅ΡΠ΅ ΡΡ
ΡΠ΄Π½ΠΎ-ΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²'ΡΠ½ΡΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ Π½Π°ΡΠΎΠ΄Π°ΠΌ Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π·Π½Ρ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ΄Ρ. ΠΡΠ΄Π±ΡΠ²Π°ΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ΄ΠΌΡΠ½Π° ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ ΠΆΠΈΡΡΡΠ²Π°ΠΆΠ»ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΡ
Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π°ΠΊΡΡΡΠΌΠΈ, Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π½Π° ΡΠΎΠ·ΠΊΠΎΠ» ΡΡ
ΡΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²'ΡΠ½ΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π½Π°ΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ². Π£ΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ Π²ΠΎΠ»Ρ ΡΡ ΠΊΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π½ΠΈΠΊΡΠ² ΡΡΠ°Ρ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΡΠ·Π°ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΌ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΎΡΡΠΉΡΡΠΊΠΎΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π² ΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠΌΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ
. Π‘ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΠ½ΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ΄Π΅Ρ "ΠΎΡΠ°Π½ΠΆΠ΅Π²ΠΎΡ ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΡΡ" ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΄ΡΡΠΈΠΌΡΡ Π‘Π¨Π Π½Π° ΡΡ
ΡΠ΄ Π½Π΅ ΡΠ²ΡΠ½ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΡ ΡΡΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠΌ, Π°Π»Π΅ Π½Π°Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π·Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡΡΠ½ΠΈΠΉ Ρ ΡΠ½ΡΠ° ΡΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π° Π΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π²Ρ ΡΠ° Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠΌΡ Π½Π°ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ.The article is devoted to the problem of forming of geopolitical vector of Modern Ukraine. The negative, actually crisis phenomena and processes in state building of Ukraine are shown in the article. Ukraine is a border country between modern the West and the East. Increasing opposition of the West and Russia can result in the dissidence of Ukrainian society and state on the whole. The tendency of politicians of country toward the West carries enormous harm to the east Slavonic people. There is substitution of decision economic problems by the political actions directed on the dissidence of eastslavonic people. Ukraine on will of its leaders becomes the organizer of anti-russian policy in modern terms. Attempts to move forward the ideas of "orange revolution" at support of the USA east were not crowned by success, but inflict enormous economic and other harm to the state to all Ukrainian people
The mobility assessment course: A readyβtoβuse dynamic measure of visuospatial neglect
The Mobility Assessment Course (MAC) is a tool to measure visuospatial neglect in a dynamic fashion. Although the MAC has been shown to dissociate between patients with and without neglect, it remains unclear whether it is applicable in clinical settings. We evaluated the MAC regarding its (1) feasibility as a diagnostic tool as part of standard care, (2) construct validity, and (3) underlying constructs and potential confounders. A consecutive sample of stroke patients admitted to inpatient rehabilitation completed the MAC, shape cancellation, line bisection, and/or Catherine Bergego Scale (CBS) as part of the standard assessment. To assess feasibility, we computed the percentage of patients who completed the MAC. Construct validity was tested by evaluating MAC performance between patients with and without neglect and controls. Finally, a regression analysis was conducted to assess underlying constructs and potential confounders of MAC performance (i.e., level of mobility and lesion side). The MAC was completed by 82% of patients (N = 182/223; of whom 145 completed all tasks). Patients with neglect performed worse on the MAC (indicating more severe neglect) compared to patients without neglect and controls. The MAC had a lower sensitivity and higher specificity than paper-and-pencil tasks and the CBS. Performance on shape cancellation, line bisection, and CBS were predictors of MAC performance. Level of mobility and lesion side did not predict MAC scores, indicating that these factors do not confound its reliability. To conclude, the MAC is an easy-to-implement tool to evaluate neglect in a dynamic manner, which can be administered in addition to conventional paper-and-pencil tasks
ΠΡΠ·ΠΈΡΠ½Ρ ΠΆΠ°Π½ΡΠΈ: ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΠΈΡΡΠΊΠ°ΡΡΠΉΠ½Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠΈ
Music genres β one of the main terms of the theoretical music studies and music practice, which reflect Γ esthetic and regulative constants of the music art. The music genres belong to the most important communicative-semantic basics of the artistic systems. This article is an attempt to figure out regulative basics for the development of the music genre theory
What Does It Take to Search Organized? The Cognitive Correlates of Search Organization During Cancellation After Stroke
AbstractObjectives: Stroke could lead to deficits in organization of visual search. Cancellation tests are frequently used in standard neuropsychological assessment and appear suitable to measure search organization. The current aim was to evaluate which cognitive functions are associated with cancellation organization measures after stroke. Methods: Stroke patients admitted to inpatient rehabilitation were included in this retrospective study. We performed exploratory factor analyses to explore cognitive domains. A digital shape cancellation test (SC) was administered, and measures of search organization (intersections rate and best r) were computed. The following cognitive functions were measured by neuropsychological testing: neglect (SC, line bisection; LB, Catherine Bergego Scale; CBS, and Balloons Test), visuospatial perception and construction (Rey Complex Figure Test, RCFT), psychomotor speed (Trail Making Test; TMT-A), executive functioning/working memory (TMT-B), spatial planning (Tower Test), rule learning (Brixton Test), short-term auditory memory (Digit Span Forward; DSF), and verbal working memory (Digit Span Backward; DSB). Results: In total, 439 stroke patients were included in our analyses. Four clusters were separated: βExecutive functioningβ (TMT-A, TMT-B, Brixton Test, and Tower Test), βVerbal memoryβ (DSF and DSB), βSearch organizationβ (intersections rate and best r), and βNeglectβ (CBS, RCFT copy, Balloons Test, SC, and LB). Conclusions: Search organization during cancellation, as measured with intersections rate and best r, seems a distinct cognitive construct compared to existing cognitive domains that are tested during neuropsychological assessment. Administering cancellation tests and analyzing measures of search organization could provide useful additional insights into the visuospatial processes of stroke patients. (JINS, 2018, 24, 424β436)</jats:p
Seeing the Forrest through the trees:Oculomotor metrics are linked to heart rate
Fluctuations in a personβs arousal accompany mental states such as drowsiness, mental effort, or motivation, and have a profound effect on task performance. Here, we investigated the link between two central instances affected by arousal levels, heart rate and eye movements. In contrast to heart rate, eye movements can be inferred remotely and unobtrusively, and there is evidence that oculomotor metrics (i.e., fixations and saccades) are indicators for aspects of arousal going hand in hand with changes in mental effort, motivation, or task type. Gaze data and heart rate of 14 participants during film viewing were used in Random Forest models, the results of which show that blink rate and duration, and the movement aspect of oculomotor metrics (i.e., velocities and amplitudes) link to heart rateβmore so than the amount or duration of fixations and saccades. We discuss that eye movements are not only linked to heart rate, but they may both be similarly influenced by the common underlying arousal system. These findings provide new pathways for the remote measurement of arousal, and its link to psychophysiological features
Feasibility and user-experience of virtual reality in neuropsychological assessment following stroke
Virtual Reality (VR) offers the possibility to assess cognitive functioning in a dynamic environment resembling daily life. In this cross-sectional study, we used two user interfaces, namely non-immersive VR by using a computer monitor (CM) and immersive VR by using a head-mounted display (HMD). We investigated (1) potential differences in feasibility, user-experience, and a potential preference for one user interface over another between stroke patients and healthy controls; (2) potential differences in feasibility, user-experience, and preference between patients referred for inpatient rehabilitation care and patients referred for outpatient rehabilitation care; and (3) potential demographic and clinical characteristics that were related to patients' preference for one user interface over another. Stroke patients (nβ=β88) and healthy controls (nβ=β66) performed a VR-task with a CM and HMD. Both user interfaces were feasible to use, irrespective of clinical referral (in- or outpatient rehabilitation care). Patients reported an enhanced feeling of engagement, transportation, flow, and presence, but more negative side effects when tested with a HMD, compared to a CM. The majority of stroke patients had no preference for one user interface over the other, yet younger patients tended to prefer a HMD. VR seems highly feasible in stroke patients
Seeing the Forrest through the trees: Oculomotor metrics are linked to heart rate
Fluctuations in a personβs arousal accompany mental states such as drowsiness, mental effort, or motivation, and have a profound effect on task performance. Here, we investigated the link between two central instances affected by arousal levels, heart rate and eye movements. In contrast to heart rate, eye movements can be inferred remotely and unobtrusively, and there is evidence that oculomotor metrics (i.e., fixations and saccades) are indicators for aspects of arousal going hand in hand with changes in mental effort, motivation, or task type. Gaze data and heart rate of 14 participants during film viewing were used in Random Forest models, the results of which show that blink rate and duration, and the movement aspect of oculomotor metrics (i.e., velocities and amplitudes) link to heart rateβmore so than the amount or duration of fixations and saccades. We discuss that eye movements are not only linked to heart rate, but they may both be similarly influenced by the common underlying arousal system. These findings provide new pathways for the remote measurement of arousal, and its link to psychophysiological features
Multi-target visual search organisation across the lifespan:cancellation task performance in a large and demographically stratified sample of healthy adults
Accurate tests of cognition are vital in (neuro)psychology. Cancellation tasks are popular tests of attention and executive function, in which participants find and 'cancel' targets among distractors. Despite extensive use in neurological patients, it remains unclear whether demographic variables (that vary among patients) affect cancellation performance. Here, we describe performance in 523 healthy participants of a web-based cancellation task. Age, sex, and level of education did not affect cancellation performance in this sample. We provide norm scores for indices of spatial bias, perseverations, revisits, processing speed, and search organisation. Furthermore, a cluster analysis identified four cognitive profiles among participants, characterised by many omissions (N=18), many revisits (N=18), relatively poor search organisation (N=125), and relatively good search organisation (N=362). Thus, patient scores pertaining to search organisation should be interpreted cautiously: Given the large proportion of healthy individuals with poor search organisation, disorganised search in patients might be pre-existing rather than disorder-related
Eye Movements as Proxy for Visual Working Memory Usage: Increased Reliance on the External World in Korsakoff Syndrome
In the assessment of visual working memory, estimating the maximum capacity is currently the gold standard. However, traditional tasks disregard that information generally remains available in the external world. Only when to-be-used information is not readily accessible, memory is taxed. Otherwise, people sample information from the environment as a form of cognitive offloading. To investigate how memory deficits impact the trade-off between sampling externally or storing internally, we compared gaze behaviour of individuals with Korsakoff amnesia (n = 24, age range 47β74 years) and healthy controls (n = 27, age range 40β81 years) on a copy task that provoked different strategies by having information freely accessible (facilitating sampling) or introducing a gaze-contingent waiting time (provoking storing). Indeed, patients sampled more often and longer, compared to controls. When sampling became time-consuming, controls reduced sampling and memorised more. Patients also showed reduced and longer sampling in this condition, suggesting an attempt at memorisation. Importantly, however, patients sampled disproportionately more often than controls, whilst accuracy dropped. This finding suggests that amnesia patients sample frequently and do not fully compensate for increased sampling costs by memorising more at once. In other words, Korsakoff amnesia resulted in a heavy reliance on the world as βexternal memoryβ
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