Gambling in Ontario : a report from a general population survey on gambling-related problems and opinions

Early in 1995; a telephone survey of 1,030 Ontario adults on gambling behaviour and opinions was conducted for the Addiction Research Foundation by York University's' Institute for Social Research. The study provides an overview of the prevalence of gambling in Ontario, who gambles on which activities, and looks at the types of problems people report experiencing as a result of gambling

MNI atlas coordinates of clusters with significantly decreased FA values in the psychopathic group compared with the control group.

<p>ATR = anterior thalamic radiation; UNF = uncinate fasciculus; IFOF = Inferior occipitofrontal fasciculus.</p

Partial correlation coefficients between mean FA values extracted from clusters that showed significant differences between psychopaths and healthy controls and one sided (p values) uncorrected for multiple comparison.

<p>Partial correlation coefficients between mean FA values extracted from clusters that showed significant differences between psychopaths and healthy controls and one sided (p values) uncorrected for multiple comparison.</p

Probabilistic tractography results from healthy controls using seed voxels with abnormal FA in psychopathy.

<p>On a T1 MNI brain (grayscale) probabilistic tractography results (red-yellow) are demonstrated.</p

White matter deficits in psychopathic offenders and correlation with factor structure

Contains fulltext : 119541.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access)Psychopathic offenders show a persistent pattern of emotional unresponsivity to the often horrendous crimes they perpetrate. Recent studies have related psychopathy to alterations in white matter. Therefore, diffusion tensor imaging followed by tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) analysis in 11 psychopathic offenders matched to 11 healthy controls was completed. Fractional anisotropy was calculated within each voxel and comparisons were made between groups using a permutation test. Any clusters of white matter voxels different between groups were submitted to probabilistic tractography. Significant differences in fractional anisotropy were found between psychopathic offenders and healthy controls in three main white matter clusters. These three clusters represented two major networks: an amygdalo-prefrontal network, and a striato-thalamo-frontal network. The interpersonal/affective component of the PCL-R correlated with white matter deficits in the orbitofrontal cortex and frontal pole whereas the antisocial component correlated with deficits in the striato-thalamo-frontal network. In addition to replicating earlier work concerning disruption of an amygdala-prefrontal network, we show for the first time that white matter integrity in a striato-thalamo-frontal network is disrupted in psychopathic offenders. The novelty of our findings lies in the two dissociable white matter networks that map directly onto the two major factors of psychopathy.8 p