A major gene for grain cadmium accumulation in oat

A population of 150 F2 plants was derived from a cross between two spring oat individuals, one from cv. Aslak (Boreal Plant Breeding LTd., Finland) and the other from cv. Salo (Svalöf-Weibull AB, Sweden). Cadmium was tested by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) method

High SSR diversity but little differentiation between accessions of Nordic timothy (Phleum pratense L.)

v2012o

Monimuotoiset vanhat pioniaarteet

Lehtiartikkeli (rinnakkaistallennusluvan asianumero: 388/12 05 01 02/2021

Differential Allelic Richness between Malus sylvestris L. and Malus × domestica Borkh. from Finland as a Measure of Genetic Loss

European wild apple (Malus sylvestris L.) is the only Malus wild species native to Europe which is a relative of cultivated apples (Malus × domestica Borkh.). It grows on forests’ edges, farmland hedges, and marginal sites; by living in those scattered meta-populations, it is exposed to genetic erosion in relation to hybridization and habitat degradation. In Finland, it grows at the northern edge of its distribution in Europe and is considered as a near-threatened taxon requiring urgent conservation. In order to evaluate the molecular genetic diversity of M. sylvestris, five populations including 43 trees were analyzed using 15 microsatellite markers. Additionally, a similar number of samples from cultivated apples, which are common to the same region, was included in order to estimate gene diversity gaps and give an insight into putative hybridization. European wild apple in Finland proved to be populationally structured, and seems not to be threatened by introgression events from its cultivated relative. They were all separated into different clusters, except for one individual. However, urgent conservation is indeed needed, especially due to the very low total number of trees (four) in some of the analyzed populations. These populations should be restored in order to enable permanent access to the wild relatives’ diversity, as they might be a critical source of gene variants for future needs

Geenikartoitus tehostaa kauranjalostusta

MTT:ssä rakennettava kauran geenikartta alkaa olla valmis. Sen avulla saadaan uutta tietoa kauran laatu- ja viljelyominaisuuksien periytymisestä. Tähän mennessä on löytynyt jo kaksi terveysvaikutteisen beta-glukaanin pitoisuuteen vaikuttavaa kromosomialuetta. Saaliina on myös öljypitoisuuteen, lehtilaikkutautiin, lyhytkortisuuteen ja jyvän kadmiumin kertymiseen liittyvät DNA-merkit.vo

Assessment of genetic diversity in Nordic timothy (Phleum pratense L.)

Timothy (Phleum pratense L.), a cool-season hexaploid perennial, is the most important forage grass species in Nordic countries. Earlier analyses of genetic diversity in a collection of 96 genebank accessions of timothy with SSR markers demonstrated high levels of diversity but could not resolve population structure. Therefore, we examined a subset of 51 accessions with REMAP markers, which are based on retrotransposons, and compared the diversity results with those obtained with SSR markers.Peer reviewe

Kuninkaalliset raparperilajikkeet ja sata uutta tyyppiä

Näytä koko lehti201

Genetic polymorphism at RAPD loci in spring turnip rape (Brassica rapa ssp. oleifera)

In this study we analyzed polymorphism at RAPD loci in an outbreeding species, spring turnip rape. The reproducibility of individual RAPD patterns was high when the DNA templates were of equal quality and quantity. It was possible to use both a rapid DNA extraction method and DNA extracted from a combined sample of ten individuals without losing any of the major fragments. When different cultivars were compared for RAPD pattern, most polymorphic loci exhibited differences only in allele frequency. However, we also found fragments which were amplified only from certain cultivars. It was concluded that RAPD markers provide a fast and reliable method for analyzing individuals and cultivars of turnip rape

A major gene for grain cadmium accumulation in oat (Avena sativa L.)

Four DNA markers associated with Cd concentration were found: two RAPDs (random amplified polymorphic DNAs), one REMAP (retrotransposon-microsatellite amplified polymorphism), and one SRAP (sequence-related amplified polymorphism). The markers were assigned to one linkage group which exhibited a QTL (quantitative trait locus) representing a major gene for Cd accumulation. The markers can be used in future breeding programmes for healthy oat cultivars

Immunochemical analysis of oat avenins in an oat cultivar and landrace collection

Oats have been found to be tolerated by most celiac disease patients, and oats are generally considered a good and safe addition to the gluten-free diet. There have been claims that some individual oat cultivars are harmful or immunogenic for celiac disease patients. In this study, we investigated 26 oat cultivars and landraces from the current breeding market and literature. Their total protein content ranged from 15.3% to 23.1% of which avenins ranged from 6.8% to 10.9%. Immunological activities of avenins were evaluated using mmunochemical analyses using monoclonal antibodies (mAb) R5 and G12. No immunological activity of the oat cultivars was observed by mAb R5 either in immunoblotting or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). mAB G12 showed no activity in immunoblotting, but gave responses between 13 and 53 mg/kg in ELISA for total avenin extract. To understand the varying G12 activity, avenins were further fractionated. One avenin fraction showed a higher G12 response than the other fractions. Protein sequence comparison suggests that there is no direct binding to avenin-specific T-cell epitopes but the differences in repetitive regions in avenins may contribute to varying results in G12 ELISA.Peer reviewe