Determination of bacterial species pathogenicity involved in egg incubation pathology

For 73 bacterial strains, represented by Proteus vulgaris (21 strains), Escherichia coli (29), Staphilococus aureus (29) and Salmonella typhimurium (5), isolated from embryos and chickens dead after hatching, we have determined in vivo pathogenicity. The culture medium incubated for 24 hours was inoculated intraperitoneally in mice. From the 73 bacterial strains, 52 of them (65.77%) proved to be pathogenic, which killed mice, according to the bacterial strain, during 18-72 hours, while 25 strains (34.23%) were not pathogenic. In some bacterial strains without pathogenicity, inoculated in mixture (Proteus vulgaris + Escherichia coli and Proteus + Staphilococcus aureus), we noticed a synergic reaction expressed through pathogenicity in mice

Investigation on the etiology of aviary paratiphosis

The increasing role played by domestic and wild fowls in infecting human food has determined us to carry out a study on the etiology and frequency of paratiphic infections in fowls. A number of 102 fowls were necropsied, of which 43 from the A enterprise and 61 from the B enterprise. In the A enterprise, 18 fowls (43.9%) have been diagnosed positively, in comparison with the B enterprise with 22 positively diagnosed fowls (36.06%). The bacteriological determinations, performed from ovarian follicles, resulted in nine Salmonella enteritidis strains and three Salmonella typhimurium strains, in comparison with liver determination that revealed two (9.07%) Salmonella enteritidis strains and one (4.58%) Salmonella typhimurium strain

Symptomatic Leishmaniasis in an Italian Segugio Dog from Northeastern Romania: A Case Report

Leishmaniasis is a zoonotic parasitosis caused by a diphasic protozoan of the genus Leishmania. The dogs are considered the main domestic reservoir of L. infantum and its transmission occurs mainly through sand flies. We report the case of a 10 yr old Italian Segugio dog in Mar 2016 from Iasi County-Moldova Region, northeastern Romania, referred to a private clinic with progressive weight loss, dermal lesions over the muzzle, foot pads and over the right and left tarsal joints. The dog was born in Torino, Italy and transferred to Romania, with a history of regular travelling between these two countries. The physical examination revealed multiple cutaneous lesions with alopecia together with polyarthritis, lymphadenopathies, fatigue and weight loss. Neither fever or nor diarrhea were observed. The serological test (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) showed a positive result for Leishmaniasis. Light microscopy of the stained smears prepared from popliteal lymph node puncture failed to identify the amastigotes. The infection was treated using pentavalent antimonial therapy for eight weeks and Allopurinol for eight months. After nine months follow-up the dog presented with an improved body condition and no signs of recurrence

Kids goiter: case study

Goiter, an iodine deficiency disorder is characterized by enlargement of the thyroid glands. Goiter in neonate occurs when pregnant goats have a low iodine intake or ingest goitrogens. In this paper is noticed an outbreak of goiter in the kids. Kids came from a herd of 30 primitive Anglo Nubian goats, abortion in the last month pregnancy were recorded in 6 goats, 14 goats delivered stillborn kids and six goats delivered 12 live born kids, but 8 of them died within 12 to 72 hours after birth. Clinical, hematological, biochemical and imaging exams were performed at the newborn kids. Following the bacteriological examination for Salmonella spp., Listeria spp., Campylobacter spp., no pathogenic germs were found that cause bacterial abortion in goats. Histopathological examination of thyroid tissue is characterized by hyperplasia of follicular elements as well as of interphilicular connective tissue, intensifying the secretory activity of epithelial cells and accumulation of a considerable amount of colloid. All of the examination confirmed the diagnosis of goiter. To reduce the economical wastage, through therapeutically expenses and animal death rate, we advise all experts, that they must administrate that in the last gestation period supplementation of iodized salt ration and avoiding goitrogens feed

Prevalence, economic impact and therapeutic efficacy in acute infectious pododermatitis in sheep

This study assessed seasonal incidence, economic losses, the efficacy of therapeutic protocols, the recovery time of affected animals and specific prophylactic measures applied to sheep with acute infectious pododermatitis. The studies were conducted over a period of 12 months in 3 different sheep farms from private units in the same area. The results of the study showed an increased incidence of the disease in all 3 farms, with an average of 26.94% of the sheep flock. The incidence of the disease was increased in the months of April-May-June-July and September-October (30%), when there were heavy rains. The high morbidity led to economic losses through the decrease in milk production by approximately 30% and the decrease in the weight of the sheep by 10.58% (4.2 kg) of their normal weight. The therapeutic protocol applied locally as well as parenterally, combined with a foot bath with 10% zinc sulphate solution, were effective in treating acute infectious pododermatitis of sheep. The average recovery time (days) was approximately the same in the three groups of sheep (5.25 ± 0.68 days for cases with moderate diseases and 10.2 ± 0.22 for cases with severe diseases)

Lion (Panthera leo) particularities in individuals born and hand reared in captivity

Abstract Considering the fact that evolution of species is driven by habitats and the reproduction is a complex phenomenon interfered or influenced by many factors, a reproduction program for captive carnivores is a changeling and many programs cannot afford experimental failure. Captive carnivores pose a challenge to all institution involved in their conservation, presenting a broad pathology from diseases to poor welfare and breeding problems. Infant mortality is primarily caused by inadequate maternal behavior, either active or passive it can be connected to biological factors as well as to individual traits such origin, if they were wild- caught of captive – born. This is the main reason for research team approach in their reproduction program, hand rearing the infants. The present article presents the challenges faced by research team in their efforts to rear two lion infants, from different conceptions. The litters belonged to Barlad zoo, Vaslui County, from eastern part of Romania. Both parents were born and reared in captivity, donated to the institution during year 2014, at 3years of age, both hand reared by donor. During cubs hand rearing we developed a nutrition plan for optimal development of the infants, exposing ours mistakes has educational purpose for others so they avoid them in future

An outbreak of hemorrhagic disease in rabbits

Rabbit viral hemorrhagic disease, known as viral necrotic hepatitis or hemorrhagic pneumonia, is a contagious disease with peracute or acute outcome and characterized by hyperthermia, prostration, hemorrhagic foamy discharge and mortality in 50-90% of cases. The main lesions are consisting in hemorrhagic diathesis, especially in lungs, liver and spleen. There are no evolution particularities regarding the age, breed, gender or species (domesticated or wild). The aim of this paper was consisting in describing the symptomatology and the pathology of hemorrhagic disease outbreak in rabbits. To the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of Iasi were submitted for a physical examination 5 rabbits, 4 female and one male, crossbreed between Lionhead and Californian breed, 4 to 9 months old, kept in a private household, and. During the physical examination, the main symptomatology seen was consisting in sign of seizures, agitations, respiratory illness and nasal bloody and foamy discharge. Due to their bad conditions, the rabbits died shortly after the physical exam. The gross pathology was characterized by hemorrhagic diathesis, catarrhal-hemorrhagic rhinitis, laryngitis and tracheitis with the presence in lumen of a frothy and hemorrhagic liquid. The lesions seen in lungs were consisting in hemorrhagic pneumonia and edema, in liver a necrotic hepatitis, while in kidneys lesions with hemorrhagic pattern

Lipoma in cockatiel (Nymphicus hollandicus) -A case report-

In the past years the cockatiel parrot as pet has risen in number and consequently the pathology related to captivity conditions increased. The present paper describes a lipoma case in cockatiel (Nymphicus hollandicus), a female age 5years old with a formation located in left wing, carpal region. Following clinical exam, the 1x1.5cm tumoral formation was identiffid and surgical excision was recomanded. The owner refuzed the surgergical procedure and returned after 2 months with the bird accusing a deteriorated condition and enlarged tumor measureing 2x3cm. After cockatiel death the tumor was examined histopathologically. The final diagnostic was benign tumor well delimitated by surrounding tissues – a lipoma located in subcutaneous tissue from left carpal region

Expression of collagenases (matrix metalloproteinase-1, -8, -13) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-3 (TIMP-3) in naturally occurring bovine cutaneous fibropapillomas

Bovine cutaneous fibropapillomas are among the most common skin tumors in cattle; their etiology is associated with infection by bovine papillomavirus (BPV) types−1/-2 which are considered oncogenic. Degradation of the extracellular matrix (ECM), especially collagenolysis, is a key event during a series of relevant physiological processes, including tissue remodeling and repair. Various types of proteins are implicated in the regulation of ECM degradation: among these, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), a group of zinc-dependent endoenzymes, and tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases (TIMPs) are known to play a major role. Previous studies reported that aberrant expression of collagenolytic MMPs (MMP-1/-8/-13) and unbalancing between MMPs and TIMPs represent a critical step in tumor growth and invasion; however, studies regarding this topic in bovine cutaneous fibropapillomas are lacking. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of the collagenases MMP-1/-8/-13 and TIMP-3 in naturally occurring fibropapillomas harboring BPV-2 DNA and normal skin samples. Here, by immunohistochemistry and western blotting analysis, we demonstrated overexpression of MMP-8/-13 along with a down-regulation of MMP-1, associated with a decrease in TIMP-3 levels in tumor compared with normal skin samples. This is the first study describing MMP-1/-8/-13 and TIMP−3 expression in bovine cutaneous fibropapillomas and our results suggest that an impaired expression of collagenases along with an imbalance between MMPs/TIMPs may contribute to an increased collagenolytic activity, which in turn could be important in ECM changes and tumors development