53,897 research outputs found
Theory of proximity effect in ferromagnet/superconductor heterostructures in the presence of spin dependent interfacial phase shift
We study the proximity effect and charge transport in ferromagnet (F)/superconductor (S) and S/F/I/F/S junctions (where I is insulator) by taking into account simultaneously exchange field in F and spin-dependent interfacial phase shifts (SDIPS) at the F/S interface. We solve the Usadel equations using extended Kupriyanov–Lukichev boundary conditions which include SDIPS, where spin-independent part of tunneling conductance GT and spin-dependent one Gφ coexist. The resulting local density of states (LDOS) in a ferromagnet depends both on the exchange energy Eex and Gφ/GT. We show that the magnitude of zero-temperature gap and the height of zero-energy LDOS have a non-monotonic dependence on Gφ/GT. We also calculate Josephson current in S/F/I/F/S junctions and show that crossover from 0-state to
On the origin of magnetoresistance in SrFeMoO
We report detailed magnetization () and magnetoresistance () studies
on a series of SrFeMoO samples with independent control on anti-site
defect and grain boundary densities. These results, exhibiting a switching-like
behavior of with , establish that the is controlled by the
magnetic polarization of grain boundary regions, rather than of the grains
within a resonant tunnelling mechanism.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure
Multi-State Image Restoration by Transmission of Bit-Decomposed Data
We report on the restoration of gray-scale image when it is decomposed into a
binary form before transmission. We assume that a gray-scale image expressed by
a set of Q-Ising spins is first decomposed into an expression using Ising
(binary) spins by means of the threshold division, namely, we produce (Q-1)
binary Ising spins from a Q-Ising spin by the function F(\sigma_i - m) = 1 if
the input data \sigma_i \in {0,.....,Q-1} is \sigma_i \geq m and 0 otherwise,
where m \in {1,....,Q-1} is the threshold value. The effects of noise are
different from the case where the raw Q-Ising values are sent. We investigate
which is more effective to use the binary data for transmission or to send the
raw Q-Ising values. By using the mean-field model, we first analyze the
performance of our method quantitatively. Then we obtain the static and
dynamical properties of restoration using the bit-decomposed data. In order to
investigate what kind of original picture is efficiently restored by our
method, the standard image in two dimensions is simulated by the mean-field
annealing, and we compare the performance of our method with that using the
Q-Ising form. We show that our method is more efficient than the one using the
Q-Ising form when the original picture has large parts in which the nearest
neighboring pixels take close values.Comment: latex 24 pages using REVTEX, 10 figures, 4 table
Bifurcation scenario to Nikolaevskii turbulence in small systems
We show that the chaos in Kuramoto-Sivashinsky equation occurs through
period-doubling cascade (Feigenbaum scenario), in contrast, the chaos in
Nikolaevskii equation occurs through torus-doubling bifurcation
(Ruelle-Takens-Newhouse scenario).Comment: 8pages, 9figure
Free energy of cluster formation and a new scaling relation for the nucleation rate
Recent very large molecular dynamics simulations of homogeneous nucleation
with Lennard-Jones atoms [Diemand et al. J. Chem. Phys. {\bf
139}, 074309 (2013)] allow us to accurately determine the formation free energy
of clusters over a wide range of cluster sizes. This is now possible because
such large simulations allow for very precise measurements of the cluster size
distribution in the steady state nucleation regime. The peaks of the free
energy curves give critical cluster sizes, which agree well with independent
estimates based on the nucleation theorem. Using these results, we derive an
analytical formula and a new scaling relation for nucleation rates: is scaled by , where the supersaturation ratio is ,
is the dimensionless surface energy, and is a dimensionless
nucleation rate. This relation can be derived using the free energy of cluster
formation at equilibrium which corresponds to the surface energy required to
form the vapor-liquid interface. At low temperatures (below the triple point),
we find that the surface energy divided by that of the classical nucleation
theory does not depend on temperature, which leads to the scaling relation and
implies a constant, positive Tolman length equal to half of the mean
inter-particle separation in the liquid phase.Comment: 7 figure
Stability of ferromagnetism in the Hubbard model on the kagom\'e lattice
The Hubbard model on the kagom\'e lattice has highly degenerate ground states
(the flat lowest band) in the corresponding single-electron problem and
exhibits the so-called flat-band ferromagnetism in the many-electron ground
states as was found by Mielke. Here we study the model obtained by adding extra
hopping terms to the above model. The lowest single-electron band becomes
dispersive, and there is no band gap between the lowest band and the other
band. We prove that, at half-filling of the lowest band, the ground states of
this perturbed model remain saturated ferromagnetic if the lowest band is
nearly flat.Comment: 4 pages, 1 figur
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