Utilization of animal solid waste for electricity generation in the northwest of Iran 3E analysis for one-year simulation

DATA AVAILABILITY : The data used to support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon request.Today, the use of renewable energy is increasing day by day. The most susceptible to renewable energy is biomass energy because it depends directly on the size of the population and does not have the problems of other renewable energies such as lack of access day and night and constant change throughout the year. For this reason, animal solid waste has been used in the research to supply electrical energy to the study area. In this regard, the amount of animal waste is considered as a source of biomass input energy. HOMER software was used to simulate the system under study. To better compare the competitiveness of this energy, photovoltaic systems and wind turbines have been used as different scenarios of electrical energy production in the study area. The results of scenario analysis showed that in all designed systems, the highest amount of energy production was in July and was related to the hottest season of the year. Among hybrid systems, the biomass system has a higher priority than other systems due to the minimum cost of energy production and total net present cost (NPC). The amount of exhaust gas from the biomass system reached 53.5 kg/yr and the biomass-wind and biomass-wind-solar systems reached 52.5 kg/yr and 52.2 kg/yr, respectively. The surplus generated electricity also increases from 2.91% to 6.65% from the biomass-wind system to the biomass-with-solar system.http://www.hindawi.com/journals/ijceam2023Mechanical and Aeronautical Engineerin

International Evidenceon the Determinants of Private Saving

A broad set of possible determinants of private saving behavior is examined, using data for a large sample of industrial and developing countries. Both time-series and cross-section estimates are obtained. Results suggest that there is a partial offset on private saving of changes in public saving and (for developing countries) in foreign saving, that demographics and growth are important determinants of private saving rates, and that interest rates and terms of trade have positive, but less robust, effects. Increases in per capita GDP seem to increase saving at low income levels (relative to the United States) but decrease it at higher ones.

Parabola Architects δ

Heating, ventilation, and cooling (HVAC) accounts for 38 % of building energy usage, and over 15 % of all US energy usage, making it one of the nation’s largest energy consumers. Programmable thermostats have long been thought to reduce the energy required for heating, ventilation, and cooling (HVAC) by 20-30 % by tailoring the conditioning of buildings to the daily activity patterns of their occupants [5]. These expected savings, however, have not come to fruition. In fact, recent studies have found that households with programmable thermostats actually have higher energy consumptions on average than those with manual thermostats [9]. As a result, the EPA recently suspended the Energy Star certification program for all programmable thermostats, effective December 31, 2009. Advanced sensing technologies and advanced building operation techniques can be used to reclaim the energy savings that were expected from – but not realized by – programmable thermostats. This energy savings is a low hanging fruit: a large amount of energy can be saved at a very low cost. To achieve this goal, we are producing occupancy-driven heating and cooling technology, in which novel sensing systems extract information about the occupants to more strategically and effectively deliver comfort based on occupants’ needs. The impact of many otherwise effective energy saving technologies is limited by high initial cost, becaus