Abundancia estacional de tab\ue1nidos (Diptera: Tabanidae) en el sector Las Lajas, Municipio Miranda, estado Gu\ue1rico, Venezuela.

VEL\uc1SQUEZ DE R\ucdOS M, TIAPE G 3MEZ Z, GORAYEB I, TAMASAUKAS R.2004. Seasonal abundace of horseflies (Diptera: Tabanidae) at sector Las Lajas, Miranda County, Gu\ue1rico State, Venezuela. Entomotropica 19(3): 149-152. From August 2002 to August 2003, weekly collections of tabanids were conducted to study their seasonal fluctuation during the rainy and dry seasons in a farm located at Las Lajas, Miranda County, Gu\ue1rico State, Venezuela. Two kinds of traps were used, malaise and canopyand occasional captures on horses. The flies were removed from the traps weekly and carried to the Entomology Lab of R\uf3mulo Gallegos University for identification and count. A total of 1179 tabanids belonging to four genera and 14 species were captured. Species diversity and captures were highest at the end of the rainy season. T. claripennis (Bigot, 1892) y T. pungens Wiedemann, 1828 were the most abundant species,and were recorded in both capture periods.VEL\uc1SQUEZ DE R\ucdOS M, TIAPE G 3MEZ Z, GORAYEB I, TAMASAUKAS R.2004. Abundancia estacional de tab\ue1nidos (Diptera: Tabanidae) en el sector Las Lajas, Municipio Miranda, estado Gu\ue1rico, Venezuela. Entomotropica 19(3): 149-152. Desde el 15 de agosto de 2002 hasta el 30 de agosto de 2003 se realizaron colectas de tab\ue1nidos (Diptera) con el objetivo de estudiar la abundancia y estacionalidad de los Tabanidae durante los per\uedodos seco y lluvioso en una finca localizada en el sector Las Lajas, municipio Miranda del estado Gu\ue1rico. Para las capturas se utilizaron dos tipos de trampas malaise y canopy, y capturas eventuales sobre caballos. Las capturas fueron retiradas semanalmente y llevadas al laboratorio de Entomolog\ueda para su identificaci\uf3n y contaje. Un total de 1179 tab\ue1nidos fueron colectados distribuidos en cuatro g\ue9neros y 14 especies. Se observ\uf3 que la diversidad de especies y el n\ufamero de individuos colectados fue mayor a finales del per\uedodo lluvioso. Las especies m\ue1s abundantes resultaron T. claripennis (Bigot, 1892) y T. pungens Wiedemann, 1828 las cuales estuvieron presentes en ambos per\uedodos de colecta

Interacción entre factores ambientales y raciales sobre la prevalencia de hemotrópicos en hembras bovinas doble propósito en sabanas inundables araucanas, Colombia

The objective of this work was to determine the prevalence of hemotropics A. marginale, Babesia spp. and Trypanosoma spp. and environmental and genetic interactions in milking cows of the dual purpose system in the Municipality of Arauca, Colombia. A blood sample from the middle coccygeal vein was collected from 333 female bovines of different ages, located on 18 livestock farms, and the inclusion criterion was only the females that were milked at each farm. Sampling was performed for convenience in summer and winter. Samples were analyzed using Wright and Hemacolor® techniques. The racial groups were: Cebu (n = 157), Criolla (n = 14), Criolla x Cebu (n = 32), Mestiza (n = 64), Brown x Cebu (n=22), Simental x Cebu (n = 16) and Holstein x Cebu (n = 5). Through contingency tables the percentage amount of animals positive to hemotrópics was determined. The data were processed in Infostat; 72.22% of farms were positive for A. marginale; 66.66% for Trypanosoma spp and 16.66% for Babesia spp. The overall prevalence was 43.54%, the most frequent hemoparasite was A. marginale, (24.92%), followed by Trypanosoma spp, (14.41%) and Babesia spp (4.2%). No mixed infections were identified. A significant association (P = 0.0001) of the farms with the three hemoparasites was observed; A. marginale was dependent on the racial group (P = 0.0046), Babesia spp and A. marginale had time-of-year dependence (P 0.05). It is concluded that in the Araucanian floodplain region the highest prevalence of hemoparasites was associated with A. marginale and Trypanosoma spp, Animals with a predominance of taurus are more susceptible than Creoles and the interactions are given to general management, sanitary program, time and agroecological location of livestock farms. © Universidad del Zulia 2018, Derechos Reservados. Maracaibo, Venezuela. Acerca de LUZ Web. [email protected]

Interacción entre factores ambientales y raciales sobre la prevalencia de hemotrópicos en hembras bovinas doble propósito en sabanas inundables araucanas, Colombia

The objective of this work was to determine the prevalence of hemotropics A. marginale, Babesia spp. and Trypanosoma spp. and environmental and genetic interactions in milking cows of the dual purpose system in the Municipality of Arauca, Colombia. A blood sample from the middle coccygeal vein was collected from 333 female bovines of different ages, located on 18 livestock farms, and the inclusion criterion was only the females that were milked at each farm. Sampling was performed for convenience in summer and winter. Samples were analyzed using Wright and Hemacolor® techniques. The racial groups were: Cebu (n = 157), Criolla (n = 14), Criolla x Cebu (n = 32), Mestiza (n = 64), Brown x Cebu (n=22), Simental x Cebu (n = 16) and Holstein x Cebu (n = 5). Through contingency tables the percentage amount of animals positive to hemotrópics was determined. The data were processed in Infostat; 72.22% of farms were positive for A. marginale; 66.66% for Trypanosoma spp and 16.66% for Babesia spp. The overall prevalence was 43.54%, the most frequent hemoparasite was A. marginale, (24.92%), followed by Trypanosoma spp, (14.41%) and Babesia spp (4.2%). No mixed infections were identified. A significant association (P = 0.0001) of the farms with the three hemoparasites was observed; A. marginale was dependent on the racial group (P = 0.0046), Babesia spp and A. marginale had time-of-year dependence (P 0.05). It is concluded that in the Araucanian floodplain region the highest prevalence of hemoparasites was associated with A. marginale and Trypanosoma spp, Animals with a predominance of taurus are more susceptible than Creoles and the interactions are given to general management, sanitary program, time and agroecological location of livestock farms. © Universidad del Zulia 2018, Derechos Reservados. Maracaibo, Venezuela. Acerca de LUZ Web. [email protected]

First report of Trypanosoma vivax outbreak in dairy cattle in São Paulo state, Brazil Primeiro relato de surto por Trypanosoma vivax em vacas leiteiras no estado de São Paulo, Brasil

This is the first description of a Trypanosoma vivax outbreak in the state of São Paulo (municipality of Lins). Fever, jaundice, decreased milk production, weight loss, profuse diarrhea, abortion, anemia, leukocytosis and hyperfibrinogenemia were observed in the affected animals. Thirty-one cows and calves died out of a total of 1080 in the herd. Three cows showed neurological symptoms like dysmetria, ataxia, muscle weakness, ptyalism, lymph node enlargement and submandibular edema. Flagellated hemoparasites were observed in blood smears. The species was diagnosed as T. vivax by means of PCR. This T.vivax strain showed resistance to diaminazene aceturate and the infection spread quickly at the herd. From the ELISA test, 599 serum samples (98.36%) were positive for anti-T.vivax IgG antibodies. This outbreak occurred during a very dry period, which indicates that other factors were involved in the outbreak, such as absence of tabanids and large populations of Haematobia irritans and Stomoxys calcitrans. The increases in these populations may have been due to the use of biosolid waste from sugar and ethanol plants in the sugarcane plantations surrounding the dairy farm.<br>Esta é a primeira descrição de um surto de Trypanosomavivax ocorrido no Estado de São Paulo, no município de Lins. Animais acometidos apresentaram febre, icterícia, diminuição da produção de leite, perda de peso, diarreia profusa, abortos, anemia, leucocitose e hiperfibrigenemia. Foram registrados 31 óbitos de vacas e bezerros em 1.080 bovinos no total. Três vacas apresentaram sintomatologia nervosa, como dismetria, ataxia e fraqueza muscular, além de ptialismo, aumento de linfonodos e edema submandibular. Hemoparasitas flagelados foram observados em esfregaços sanguíneos, e a espécie de tripanossomo foi diagnosticada como T.vivax por PCR. A cepa de T. vivax mostrou ser resistente ao tratamento com aceturato de diaminozeno e a infecção disseminou rapidamente no rebanho. Pelo ELISA, observou-se que 98,36% (599) das amostras de soro colhidas apresentaram títulos positivos para IgG anti-T.vivax. O surto ocorreu em condições de baixa precipitação pluviométrica, fato que indica que outros fatores estavam envolvidos na ocorrência desse surto, como a ausência de tabanídeos e a grande presença de Haematobia irritans e Stomoxys calcitrans, cujo aumento populacional pode ser devido ao uso de resíduos de usinas de açúcar e álcool nos canaviais que circundavam a granja leiteira