Selection for reduced muscle glycolytic potential in Large White pigs I. Direct responses

International audienc

Conséquences de l'hypertrophie musculaire héréditaire des bovins sur la musculature

International audienc

Comparison between the three porcine RN genotypes for growth, carcass composition and meat quality traits

A three-step experimental design has been carried out to add evidence about the existence of the RN gene, with two segregating alleles RN- and rn+, having major effects on meat quality in pigs, to estimate its effects on production traits and to map the RN locus. In the present article, the experimental population and sampling procedures are described and discussed, and effects of the three RN genotypes on growth and carcass traits are presented. The RN genotype had no major effect on growth performance and killing out percentage. Variables pertaining to carcass tissue composition showed that the RN- allele is associated with leaner carcasses (about 1 s.d. effect without dominance for back fat thickness, 0.5 s.d. effect with dominance for weights of joints). Muscle glycolytic potential (GP) was considerably higher in RN- carriers, with a maximum of a 6.85 s.d. effect for the live longissimus muscle GP. Physico-chemical characteristics of meat were also influenced by the RN genotype in a dominant way, ultimate pH differing by about 2 s.d. between homozygous genotypes and meat colour by about 1 s.d. Technological quality was also affected, with a 1 s.d. decrease in technological yield for RN- carriers. The RN genotype had a more limited effect on eating quality. On the whole, the identity between the acid meat condition and the RN- allele effect is clearly demonstrated (higher muscle GP, lower ultimate pH, paler meat and lower protein content), and the unfavourable relationship between GP and carcass lean to fat ratio is confirmed

Selection for reduced muscle glycolytic potential in Large White pigs. II. Correlated responses in meat quality and muscle compositional traits

International audienc

Translocation t(8;14)(q24;q32) as a clue for the diagnosis of B cell prolymphocytic leukemia

Case report of a translocation : Translocation t(8;14)(q24;q32) as a clue for the diagnosis of B cell prolymphocytic leukemia

Detection of t(11;14) using interphase molecular cytogenetics in mantle cell lymphoma and atypical chronic lymphocytic leukemia

The chromosomal translocation t(11;14)(q13;q32) fuses the IGH and CCND1 genes and leads to cyclin D1 overexpression. This genetic abnormality is the hallmark of mantle cell lymphoma (MCL), but is also found in some cases of atypical chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), characterized by a poor outcome. For an unequivocal assessment of this specific chromosomal rearrangement on interphase cells, we developed a set of probes for fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Northern blotting was performed for analysis of the cyclin D1 expression in 18 patients. Thirty-eight patients, with either a typical MCL leukemic phase (17 patients) or atypical CLL with an MCL-type immunophenotype, i.e., CD19+, CD5+, CD23(-/low), CD79b/sIgM(D)++, and FMC7+ (21 patients), were analyzed by dual-color interphase FISH. We selected an IGH-specific BAC probe (covering the JH and first constant regions) and a commercially available CCND1 probe. An IGH-CCND1 fusion was detected in 28 of the 38 patients (17 typical MCL and 11 cases with CLL). Cyclin D1 was not overexpressed in two patients with typical MCL and an IGH- CCND1 fusion. In view of the poor prognosis associated with MCL and t(11;14)- positive CLL, we conclude that this set of probes is a valuable and reliable tool for a rapid diagnosis of these entities

Quantitative ultrasound yields biomarkers of bone mechanical competence

The last two decades have witnessed changes in our ability to assess multi-scale mechanical properties of the human skeleton. Quantitative ultrasound (QUS) has played a critical role in this development, providing gains in bone mechanical status assessment, spanning the scales of bone organization ranging from elementary bone structural units to the mm-scale level. QUS technologies can help in characterizing the anisotropic stiffness ex vivo and are prone to provide answers to some questions that remain open regarding the determinants of bone elastic properties. On the other side, in vivo QUS has potential to assess important bone quality factors such as material properties or structure, and to enhance fracture risk prediction