5 research outputs found
Operating with Quantum Integers: an Efficient 'Multiples of' Oracle
Quantum algorithms are a very promising field. However, creating and
manipulating these kind of algorithms is a very complex task, specially for
software engineers used to work at higher abstraction levels. The work
presented here is part of a broader research focused on providing operations of
a higher abstraction level to manipulate integers codified as a superposition.
These operations are designed to be composable and efficient, so quantum
software developers can reuse them to create more complex solutions.
Specifically, in this paper we present a 'multiples of' operation. To validate
this operation we show several examples of quantum circuits and their
simulations, including its composition possibilities. A theoretical analysis
proves that both the complexity of the required classical calculations and the
depth of the circuit scale linearly with the number of qubits. Hence, the
'multiples of' oracle is efficient in terms of complexity and depth. Finally,
an empirical study of the circuit depth is conducted to further reinforce the
theoretical analysis.Comment: 19 pages, 18 figures, preprint submitted to SummerSOC 202
Some Initial Guidelines for Building Reusable Quantum Oracles
The evolution of quantum hardware is highlighting the need for advances in
quantum software engineering that help developers create quantum software with
good quality attributes. Specifically, reusability has been traditionally
considered an important quality attribute in terms of efficiency of cost and
effort. Increasing the reusability of quantum software will help developers
create more complex solutions, by reusing simpler components, with better
quality attributes, as long as the reused components have also these
attributes. This work focuses on the reusability of oracles, a well-known
pattern of quantum algorithms that can be used to perform functions used as
input by other algorithms. In particular, in this work, we present several
guidelines for making reusable quantum oracles. These guidelines include three
different levels for oracle reuse: the ideas inspiring the oracle, the function
which creates the oracle, and the oracle itself. To demonstrate these
guidelines, two different implementations of a range of integers oracle have
been built by reusing simpler oracles. The quality of these implementations is
evaluated in terms of functionality and quantum circuit depth. Then, we provide
an example of documentation following the proposed guidelines for both
implementations to foster reuse of the provided oracles. This work aims to be a
first point of discussion towards quantum software reusability. Additional work
is needed to establish more specific criteria for quantum software reusability.Comment: 10 page
Guiones y cuadernos de prácticas de campo en el entorno digital: innovación para mejorar su accesibilidad y contenido
Memoria ID2022-133 Ayudas de la Universidad de Salamanca para la innovación docente, curso 2022-2023
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Impact of landscape configuration and composition on pollinator communities across different European biogeographic regions
Introduction: Heterogeneity in composition and spatial configuration of landscape elements support diversity and abundance of flower-visiting insects, but this is likely dependent on taxonomic group, spatial scale, weather and climatic conditions, and is particularly impacted by agricultural intensification. Here, we analyzed the impacts of both aspects of landscape heterogeneity and the role of climatic and weather conditions on pollinating insect communities in two economically important mass-flowering crops across Europe.
Methods: Using a standardized approach, we collected data on the abundance of five insect groups (honey bees, bumble bees, other bees, hover flies and butterflies) in eight oilseed rape and eight apple orchard sites (in crops and adjacent crop margins), across eight European countries (128 sites in total) encompassing four biogeographic regions, and quantified habitat heterogeneity by calculating relevant landscape metrics for composition (proportion and diversity of land-use types) and configuration (the aggregation and isolation of land-use patches).
Results: We found that flower-visiting insects responded to landscape and climate parameters in taxon- and crop-specific ways. For example, landscape diversity was positively correlated with honey bee and solitary bee abundance in oilseed rape fields, and hover fly abundance in apple orchards. In apple sites, the total abundance of all pollinators, and particularly bumble bees and solitary bees, decreased with an increasing proportion of orchards in the surrounding landscape. In oilseed rape sites, less-intensively managed habitats (i.e., woodland, grassland, meadows, and hedgerows) positively influenced all pollinators, particularly bumble bees and butterflies. Additionally, our data showed that daily and annual temperature, as well as annual precipitation and precipitation seasonality, affects the abundance of flower-visiting insects, although, again, these impacts appeared to be taxon- or crop-specific.
Discussion: Thus, in the context of global change, our findings emphasize the importance of understanding the role of taxon-specific responses to both changes in land use and climate, to ensure continued delivery of pollination services to pollinator-dependent crops
Dynamic light scattering based on low-cost components
A dynamic light scattering (DLS) instrument has been assembled using low-cost components. This setup includes an inexpensive laser diode, a silicon photomultiplier including amplifier electronics, a digital oscilloscope, and a regular computer. A set of latex nanoparticles with different sizes has been used to fully characterize the instrument for multiple acquisition configurations. In addition, results were compared to those obtained by transmission electron microscopy and a commercial DLS equipment including gold and iron oxide nanoparticles. The size measurements performed with the DLS instrument resulted very robust for multiple acquisition configurations with and error typically below 1%. A very good agreement was obtained when comparing the results with the values obtained with reference techniques. Therefore, accurate and reproducible size measurements can be performed with the DLS instrument developed in this work for a wide range of nanoparticle sizes and materials while significantly reducing the cost.Peer reviewe