532 research outputs found
Postprandial Hypotension due to a Lack of Sympathetic Compensation in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus.
Postprandial hypotension is an important hemodynamic abnormality in diabetes mellitus, but few reports are available on the relationship between autonomic dysfunction and postprandial hypotension. Ten diabetic patients and 10 healthy volunteers were recruited for this study. Postural blood pressure and heart rate changes were measured before lunch, and then the hemodynamic responses to a standardized meal were investigated. Holter electrocardiogram (ECG) monitoring was conducted for assessing spectral powers and time-domain parameters of RR variations. Postural changes from the supine to the upright position decreased the systolic blood pressure of the diabetics from 133(+-)16 to 107(+-)20 mmHg (p<0.01), but did not decrease the systolic blood pressure of the controls. The heart rate remained constant in the diabetics but was increased in the controls. Food ingestion decreased systolic blood pressure in the diabetics, with a maximum reduction of 25(+-)5 mmHg. This decrease was not associated with any changes in the ratio of low frequency to high frequency, and yet the heart rate remained almost constant. Indexes involving parasympathetic tone were not affected. Food ingestion did not affect blood pressure in the control group. These findings suggest that lack of compensatory sympathetic activation is a factor contributing to postprandial hypotension in diabetics, and that parasympathetic drive does not make a significant contribution to this condition
Prognostic significance of right bundle branch block in patients with acute inferior myocardial infarction
There is little information available concerning the influence of right bundle branch block (RBBB) on the prognosis of patients with inferior myocardial infarction (MI). In this study we evaluated the influence
of RBBB on the short-term prognosis of patients with inferior MI. Our study subjects were 1,265 hospitalized patients with Q wave MI. Patients were divided into 4 groups based on the presence or absence of RBBB and on the location of the infarction. RBBB was classified into 4 categories according
to the timing of its appearance and its duration as new permanent, transient, old and age indeterminate.
In-hospital death and pulmonary congestion were observed more frequently in patients with RBBB than in those without RBBB. Moreover, in inferior MI as in anterior MI, in-hospital death and pulmonary congestion occurred more frequently in new permanent RBBB patients than in patients with other types of RBBB. Multivariate regression analysis reveals that new permanent RBBB was a strong independent predictor for an adverse short-term prognosis in patients with inferior MI, as well as in patients with anterior MI. New permanent RBBB during inferior MI is a strong independent predictor for increased in-hospital mortality, regardless of the infarction location.</p
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Esr and radiocarbon dating of gut strings from early plucked instruments
Early European plucked instruments have recently experienced a great revival, but a few aspects remain unknown (e.g., the gauge of gut strings). Here we report, for the first time, that the electron spin resonance (ESR) signal intensity of oxidized iron, Fe(III), from gut strings at g = 2 increases linearly with age within a few hundred years. The signal increase in the remaining old strings on early instruments can be used to judge if they are as old as or younger than the instrument. Obtaining the authenticity information of gut strings contributes to the revival of the old instruments and the music. © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland
Syntheses of All-Methylated Ellagitannin, Isorugosin B and Rugosin B
Ellagitannins possess a wide range of biological activities and remarkable structural diversity, which commonly include an axially chiral biaryl unit. This paper describes syntheses of all-methylated versions of isorugosin B and rugosin B, which are regioisomeric, ellagitannin-related compounds. The key features of these syntheses involve the construction of an axially chiral biaryl function on a sugar moiety through a Pd-catalyzed intramolecular biaryl coupling reaction, Bringmann’s atroposelective lactone opening reaction, and a two-step ester formation. This is the first synthetic approach for generating ellagitannins featuring a valoneoyl group
Effectiveness for Determination of Depositional Age by Detrital Zircon U–Pb Age in the Cretaceous Shimanto Accretionary Complex of Japan
Detrital zircon U–Pb ages indicate the crystallization age. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the effectiveness of determining the age of deposition using zircon age data. We carried out U–Pb dating of detrital zircons from sandstone at eight sites in the Cretaceous Shimanto accretionary complex on Kii Peninsula, Japan, with the aim of evaluating the accuracy of U–Pb zircon ages as indicators of the depositional age of sedimentary rocks by comparing zircon ages with radiolarian ages. Our results reveal zircons of late Cretaceous age, and the youngest peak ages are in good agreement with depositional ages inferred from radiolarian fossils. In addition, the youngest peak ages become younger as tectono-structurally downwards, and this tendency is clearer for the zircon ages than for the radiolarian ages. These results indicate that newly crystalized zircons were continuously supplied to the sediment by constant igneous activity during the late Cretaceous and that zircon ages provide remarkably useful information for determining the age of deposition in the Cretaceous Shimanto accretionary complex
Evaluation of Rheumatoid Arthritis Using a Scoring System Devised from Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Rheumatoid Knees
We studied the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of 120 knees in 86 rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients and of 14 unaffected knees in 12 control cases. We also developed a scoring system as a quantitative analysis method. We divided the MRI into 10 items, and classified the severity of the symptoms into 4 grades (score 0 to 3). The average total score increased according to the radiographic grade. Soft tissue lesions were clearly detected, even in the early stages of RA. Items such as synovial proliferation showed a high score even in the early stages, suggesting that it was the initial symptom of RA. The score also showed a correlation with the inflammatory signs. These results suggest that this scoring system is very sensitive and yields a good reflection of RA activity. We demonstrated that this system is simple and convenient for routine diagnostic use. We further demonstrated that it is useful for following the advancement of RA and for evaluating the response to treatment.</p
Gastric Endocrine Cell Carcinoma Coexistent with Adenocarcinoma
A 69-year-old female presented to our institution with epigastralgia and abdominal
distension. Upper gastrointestinal series revealed a 5 cm ulcerative lesion with irregular
margins and elevated distinct borders from the angle to the pyloric ring.
Gastroendoscopy revealed a Borrmann type 2 tumor. Several biopsied specimens
revealed proliferation of small and heterogeneous cancer cells with rich chromatin and
fibrous septum with rich vessels at connective tissues, which was confirmed as gastric
endocrine cell carcinoma (ECC) on immunostaining with chromogranin and
synaptophysin. Furthermore, other specimens revealed atypical cells forming glandular
structures, which were confirmed as well-differentiated tubular adenocarcinomas. Distal
gastrectomy with D2 lymph node dissection and Billroth I reconstruction was
performed. Pathological examination of the gross specimen revealed that
adenocarcinoma comprised <10% of all cancer cells. Close analysis of ECC revealed a
mixture of small and large cells. According to the WHO 2010 classification of
gastrointestinal neuroendocrine tumors, this gastric tumor was diagnosed as
neuroendocrine carcinoma. The patient was administered adjuvant chemotherapy with
cisplatin and etoposide. One year following surgery, follow-up abdominal CT revealed
multiple liver metastases. The patient received the best supportive care but eventually
died 18 months after surgery. Here we present this case of gastric ECC coexistent with
adenocarcinoma
Case-based similar image retrieval for weakly annotated large histopathological images of malignant lymphoma using deep metric learning
In the present study, we propose a novel case-based similar image retrieval
(SIR) method for hematoxylin and eosin (H&E)-stained histopathological images
of malignant lymphoma. When a whole slide image (WSI) is used as an input
query, it is desirable to be able to retrieve similar cases by focusing on
image patches in pathologically important regions such as tumor cells. To
address this problem, we employ attention-based multiple instance learning,
which enables us to focus on tumor-specific regions when the similarity between
cases is computed. Moreover, we employ contrastive distance metric learning to
incorporate immunohistochemical (IHC) staining patterns as useful supervised
information for defining appropriate similarity between heterogeneous malignant
lymphoma cases. In the experiment with 249 malignant lymphoma patients, we
confirmed that the proposed method exhibited higher evaluation measures than
the baseline case-based SIR methods. Furthermore, the subjective evaluation by
pathologists revealed that our similarity measure using IHC staining patterns
is appropriate for representing the similarity of H&E-stained tissue images for
malignant lymphoma
Time-resolved force microscopy using delay-time modulation method
We developed a time-resolved force microscopy technique by integrating atomic
force microscopy using a tuning-fork-type cantilever with the delay time
modulation method for optical pump-probe light. We successfully measured the
dynamics of surface recombination and diffusion of photoexcited carriers in
bulk WSe2, which is challenging owing to the effect of tunneling current in
time-resolved scanning tunneling microscopy. The obtained results were
comprehensively explained with the model based on the dipole-dipole interaction
induced by photo illumination.Comment: 13 pages, 4 figure
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