Serological Studies on Yeast Polysaccharide Part Ⅱ Passive Anaphylaxis by Yeast Polysaccharide

Reports about the passive anaphylaxis using the yeast polysaccharide as the antigen are very few. After the Rosenau-Anderson's report, there appeared Axamit's one, but all of these are reports about the active anaphylaxis using the yeast cell and its crude extract. In regard to the passive anaphylaxis using the yeast polysaccharide as the antigen, only Kesten-Mott made a report after Tomcsik-Kurotchkin. So far as I know, there is no such report in our country, either. Though in these reports the minimal lethal antigen dose is referred to, the minimal lethal sensitizing dose is not referred to at all. The author made an experiment on the passive anaphylaxis using the yeast polysaccharide as the antigen in order to recognize its speciality, and obtained the knowledge of the ability of the sensitization by the anti-yeast rabbit serum and the knowledge of the decrease of the complement tiler, etc. Conclusions are as follows: 1) The passive anaphylaxis can be caused by using the yeast polysaccharide as the antigen. 2) The field of its reaction resembles in shape that of the antigen-antibody reaction in vitro at the antibody excess zone. 3) The minimal lethal sensitizing dose is 10 EH in all, in case of injecting the antigen which is suitable to the zone of antiserum used for the sensitization. 4) In case that the dose of the sensitization is 10 EH per 100 gms. of guinea pig's weight, the minimal lethal antigen dose is 1/16 z. 5) The decrease of the complement is not so evident in case of the passive anaphylaxis using a small amount of the antiserum which has the great ability for the sensitization. 6) In the experiment of the passive anaphylaxis, the sensitizing dose has more influence upon the decrease of the complement than the antigen dose

Serological Studies on Yeast Polysaccharide Part Ⅰ Studies on the Concentration of Yeast Polysaccharide in Blood, its Excretion in Urine, and the Transmission into Embryo

The author refined the yeast polysaccharide from the dry yeast by means of Hiokas's method, and experimented on the variation of its antigen activity in the refining process, the relation between its concentration in the blood and that in the urine, and its placental permeability, employing a guinea pig given the refined yeast polysaccharide by the abdominal cavity injection or the intravenous one.The anti-yeast rabit serum, (the antigen titer by Uhlenhuth's Method being 1 : 2,500,000), was used for proving the yeast polysaccharide in the blood, the urine and the amniotic fluid, and Uhienhuth's Method was employed for the measuring. The author could clarify the following points: 1) In case of refining the polysaccharide from the yeast, the degree of the antigen activity in the last process is 100 times as much as that of the extract by the physiological saline. 2) The yeast polysaccharide given to a guinea pig by the injection is rapidly excreted into the urine. 3) The yeast polysaccharide in the blood has shown the highest concentration for 4 hours since the injection, and thereafter it begins to decrease rapidly, to be found no more in the blood on the 6th day. 4) The yeast polysaccharide in the urine has shown the highest concentration since the injection, and thereafter it decreases a little less rapidly than that in the blood, to be found no more in the urine on 6th or the 7th day. 5) There is the proportional relation between concentration of the yeast polysaccharide in the blood and that in the urine. 6) In case of giving the yeast polysaccharide to a pregnant guinea pig by the injection, the concentration of the yeast polysaccharide in the embryo's serum, which is trans mitted from its mother, is 1/10-1/20 of that of the mother. 7) The yeast polysaccharide is never transmitted into the amniotic fluid. 8) The length of pregnancy has no relation to the degree of the yeast polysaccharide transmission to embryos

Studies on Adsorption of Protein on Silica

Measuring the quantity of egg albumen and guinea pig's serum adsorbed on to silica gel and quartz powder by means of Nessler's Method, the author obtained the following results: 1) Silica adsorbs protein on to its surface. 2) Within some limits, the higher concentration of the protein is, the more protein is absorbed. 3) The quantity of adsorbed protein is affected by "pH" and reaches its maximum around "pH 4". The quantity decreases gradually in the acid side, while rapidly in the alkali side. 4) Guinea pig's serum is adsorbed more than egg albumen

ALMA Measurement of 10 kpc-scale Lensing Power Spectra towards the Lensed Quasar MG J0414+0534

We report the first measurement of lensing power spectra for gravitational potential, astrometric shifts, and convergence perturbations towards the anomalous quadruply lensed quasar MG$\,$J0414+0534. To obtain the spectra, we conducted observations of MG$\,$J0414+0534 using the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) with high angular resolution (0.02"-0.05"). We developed a new partially non-parametric method in which Fourier coefficients of potential perturbation are adjusted to minimise the difference between linear combinations of weighted mean de-lensed images. Using positions of radio jet components, extended dust emission on scales $>1\,$kpc, and mid-infrared flux ratios, which are microlensing free, our new multi-wavelength method provides us with a very effective tool for probing cosmological matter fluctuations on scales $< 10\,$kpc. Assuming that contributions from structures on angular scales <1.0" are negligible, on an angular scale of $\sim$1.3" (corresponding to an angular wave number of $l \sim 1.1\times 10^6$ or $\sim 8\,$kpc in the lens plane), the measured convergence, astrometric shift, and potential powers are $\varDelta_\kappa=0.021-0.028$, $\varDelta_\alpha =7-9\,$mas, and $\varDelta_\psi=1.2-1.6\,$$\textrm{mas}^2$, respectively. Our result is consistent with the predicted abundance of haloes in the line of sight and subhaloes in cold dark matter models. Our partially non-parametric lens models suggest a presence of a clump in the vicinity of object Y, a possible dusty dwarf galaxy and some small clumps in the vicinity of lensed quadruple images. Although much fainter than the previous report, we confirmed weak continuum emission from object Y with a peak flux of $\sim 100\,\mu \textrm{Jy}\, \textrm{beam} ^{-1}$ at the $\sim 4\,\sigma$ level.Comment: 29 pages, 35 figures, analyses of models with a possible dwarf galaxy, object Y and that of chi^2 fit in the visibility plane were adde

Validity of the Japanese version of the quick mild cognitive impairment screen

Early detection of dementia provides opportunities for interventions that could delay or prevent its progression. We developed the Japanese version of the Quick Mild Cognitive Impairment (Qmci-J) screen, which is a performance-based, easy-to-use, valid and reliable short cognitive screening instrument, and then we examined its validity. Community-dwelling adults aged 65–84 in Niigata prefecture, Japan, were concurrently administered the Qmci-J and the Japanese version of the standardized Mini-Mental State Examination (sMMSE-J). Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia were categorized using established and age-adjusted sMMSE-J cut-offs. The sample (n = 526) included 52 (9.9%) participants with suspected dementia, 123 (23.4%) with suspected MCI and 351 with likely normal cognition. The Qmci-J showed moderate positive correlation with the sMMSE-J (r = 0.49, p < 0.001) and moderate discrimination for predicting suspected cognitive impairment (MCI/dementia) based on sMMSE-J cut-offs, area under curve: 0.74, (95%CI: 0.70–0.79), improving to 0.76 (95%CI: 0.72 to 0.81) after adjusting for age. At a cut-off of 60/61/100, the Qmci-J had a 73% sensitivity, 68% specificity, 53% positive predictive value, and 83% negative predictive value for cognitive impairment. Normative data are presented, excluding those with any sMMSE-J < 27. Though further research is required, the Qmci-J screen may be a useful screening tool to identify older adults at risk of cognitive impairment

ヒト大腸癌肝転移におけるHVEM発現の重要性について

Background: Herpesvirus entry mediator (HVEM) has been suggested to play various roles in cancer biology. The authors report that HVEM expression in tumor cells is associated with a reduction in the number of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and a poor prognosis after surgical resection in various human gastrointestinal cancers. This study aimed to clarify the clinical significance of HVEM expression in human colorectal liver metastasis (CRLM). Methods: This study examined the cases of 104 patients with CRLM who underwent curative liver resection at Nara Medical University between 2000 and 2014. The median follow-up period was 50.2 months. Immunohistochemical staining was performed using antibodies against HVEM, CD4, CD8, and CD45RO. Results: High HVEM expression was observed in 49 patients (47.1%) with CRLM. Expression of HVEM was not associated with age, gender, administration of preoperative chemotherapy, tumor size, number of tumors, or histologic differentiation. The high-HVEM group exhibited significantly worse overall survival (OS) than the low-HVEM group (P = 0.002). Multivariate analysis showed that high HVEM expression in CRLM, age of 70 years or older, and having five or more tumors are independent poor prognostic factors for OS (hazard ratio [HR], 3.35; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.41-7.93; P = 0.006). The number of tumor-infiltrating CD8+ and CD45RO+ T cells was significantly lower in the high-HVEM group than in the low-HVEM group. High HVEM expression in primary colorectal cancer was significantly associated with synchronous CRLM, but not with metachronous CRLM. Conclusions: Tumor HVEM expression might play a critical role in CRLM.博士（医学）・乙第1447号・令和元年12月5日© Society of Surgical Oncology 2019This is a post-peer-review, pre-copyedit version of an article published in Annals of surgical oncology. The final authenticated version is available online at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1245/s10434-019-07625-

Plausible phosphoenolpyruvate binding site revealed by 2.6 Å structure of Mn2+-bound phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase from Escherichia coli11The coordinates and structure factors have been deposited in the Protein Data Bank (accession number 1QB4).

AbstractWe have determined the crystal structure of Mn2+-bound Escherichia coli phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC) using X-ray diffraction at 2.6 Å resolution, and specified the location of enzyme-bound Mn2+, which is essential for catalytic activity. The electron density map reveals that Mn2+ is bound to the side chain oxygens of Glu-506 and Asp-543, and located at the top of the α/β barrel in PEPC. The coordination sphere of Mn2+ observed in E. coli PEPC is similar to that of Mn2+ found in the pyruvate kinase structure. The model study of Mn2+-bound PEPC complexed with phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) reveals that the side chains of Arg-396, Arg-581 and Arg-713 could interact with PEP