Utility of vessel-sealing systems in thyroid surgery.

The LigaSure TM vessel-sealing system (VSS) represents a new approach to intraoperative ligation. This clinical study retrospectively examined the utility of the VSS in thyroid surgery. In this study, we analyzed 56 consecutive patients who underwent thyroid surgery. Characteristics such as operative duration, the volume of intraoperative hemorrhage, and postoperative course were analyzed and compared between thyroid surgery using the VSS or conventional handtie methods. The present results indicate no significant differences in operative duration, volume of intraoperative hemorrhage, postoperative course, or duration of postoperative drainage between surgeries using the VSS or conventional methods. However, the postoperative hospital stay was found to be significantly shorter (p&#60;0.05) with the VSS. No serious postoperative complications were encountered, and no significant differences were observed in the frequency of postoperative complications between methods. The VSS may simplify procedures for thyroid surgery, and hemostasis is effective for both thyroid vessels and thyroid parenchyma. However, further evaluation is warranted to adequately determine the relative merits of the VSS compared to conventional handtie methods.</p

The G protein-coupled receptor GPR157 regulates neuronal differentiation of radial glial progenitors through Gq-IP3 pathway

学位の種別: 課程博士審査委員会委員 : （主査）東京大学教授 深田 吉孝, 東京大学教授 多羽田 哲也, 東京大学教授 狩野 方伸, 東京大学教授 後藤 由季子, 東京大学准教授 眞田 佳門University of Tokyo(東京大学

Alterations in erythrocyte membrane lipid and its fragility in a patient with familial lecithin : cholesterol acyltrasferase (LCAT) deficiency

Lecithin : cholesterol acyltrasferase (LCAT) plays a key role in the cholesterol metabolism-mediated esterification of free cholesterol into the cholesterol ester in normal plasma. Familial LCAT deficiency is frequently associated with anemia. Using biochemical and physiological techniques, the erythrocytes of this patient were investigated to gain an insight into the relationship between the abnormalities of lipid metabolism and erythrocyte membrane fragility. Abnormal erythrocytes, so-called Target cells and/or Knizocytes, were observed at 20% in our patient’s erythrocytes. Moreover, the mean corpuscular volume of the patient’s cells was 7% greater than that of a normal individual. In the membrane lipids of the patient’s erythrocytes, cholesterol and phosphatidylcholine increased, and phosphatidylethanolamine decreased. The electron spin resonance technique with a fatty acid spin probe showed that the membrane fluidity was more elevated than that of normal cells in spite of the increase in cholesterol content and the cholesterol/ phospholipid ratio of the membrane of patient’s erythrocytes. The patient’s abnormally shaped erythrocytes were less deformed than those of the normal individual under high shear stress. The partial depletion of membrane cholesterol from the patient’s erythrocytes was demonstrated by incubation with normal plasma with LCAT activity. The increment of transformed erythrocytes during the incubation could be prevented by cholesterol depletion from the patient’s erythrocyte membrane. These findings indicate that normochromic anemia of the patient might be caused by erythrocyte fragility resulting from decreased deformity and/or abnormal shape of the cells due to abnormal lipid composition in the membrane

(Z)-Selective enol triflation of α-alkoxyacetoaldehydes: Application to synthesis of (Z)-allylic alcohols via cross-coupling reaction and [1,2]-wittig rearrangement

The stereoselective transformation of α-alkoxyacetoaldehydes to the corresponding (Z)-vinyl triflates was achieved by treatment with phenyl triflimide and DBU. The stereochemistry was explained by the "syn-effect," which was attributed primarily to an σ → π∗ interaction. The β-alkoxy vinyl triflates obtained were applied to the stereoselective synthesis of structurally diverse (Z)-allylic alcohols via transition metal-catalyzed cross-coupling reaction and [1,2]-Wittig rearrangement. © 2015 American Chemical Society

The results of liver function test on workers handling ethanol and isopropanol solvents

Liver function tests such as GOT, GPT, γ-GTP and ornithine carbamyl transferase (OCT) were done on workers handling alcoholic solvents. One was a group of molders working in a foundry where they sprayed ethanol solvent on the surface of a sandbox and burnt it. Another was a group of painters at an iron and steel works and they sprayed paint with isopropanol solvent on iron and steel plates. No statistical differences in the results of tests between the solvent workers and control groups were seen. High correlations were found between GOT/γ-GTP and OCT/γ-GTP. OCT of 4 workers who had drunk alcohol on the day before test showed a statisically high value compared to workers who had not drunk alcohol

Stereoselective synthesis of (2 Z,4 E)-2,4-pentadien-1-ols via sequential 1,4-elimination reaction and [1,2]-wittig rearrangement starting from (E)-4-alkoxy-2-butenyl benzoates

The sequential 1,4-elimination reaction of (E)-4-alkoxy-2-butenyl benzoates and [1,2]-Wittig rearrangement gave (2Z,4E)-2,4-pentadien-1-ols stereoselectively. Z-Selective formation of intermediary vinyl ethers, whose stereochemistry was well elucidated by the "syn-effect", was achieved by treatment of the 2-butenyl benzoates with KOH in the presence of Pd catalyst. The subsequent [1,2]-Wittg rearrangement by use of n-BuLi proceeded with retention of the stereochemistry of the intermediary vinyl ethers. © 2013 American Chemical Society