Ecto-Phosphorylation and Regeneration of the Adult Central Nervous System

Phosphorylation of ecto‐domains of membrane proteins and extracellular matrix proteins, which is termed ecto‐phosphorylation, activates intracellular signalling and has roles in several physiological processes including cell adhesion, fertilisation and fibrinolysis. We demonstrated that ecto‐phosphorylation can promote endogenous neurogenesis in the damaged central nervous system (CNS), augmenting its functional recovery. Thus, regulation of ecto‐phosphorylation could be a platform for development of therapeutic methods against CNS injury. Regeneration of the damaged CNS is long‐awaited. While transplantation of neuronal progenitor cells is expected to be the first platform to develop the therapy, the potential of endogenous neurogenesis as a source of new neurons has been expected to be an inexpensive and non‐invasive regenerative medicine for CNS injury. In this review, we focused on the spinal cord as a model of CNS recovery from traumatic injury. The spinal cord is the simplest part of the CNS and its function is well known. Therefore, estimation of recovery is easier than other part of the CNS. Firstly, we introduce endogenous neural stem cells (NSCs) in the adult spinal cord and their behaviour after injury and then discuss effects of ecto‐phosphorylation, which induces regeneration of the adult spinal cord

Urinary Activin A is a Novel Biomarker Reflecting Renal Inflannnation and Tubular Damage in ANCA-associated Vasculitis

学位記番号：医博甲175

軟X線回転楕円ミラー用マスターマンドレルの超精密加工計測プロセスの開発

学位の種別: 課程博士審査委員会委員 : （主査）東京大学准教授 三村 秀和, 東京大学教授 須賀 唯知, 東京大学教授 高増 潔, 東京大学教授 国枝 正典, 東北大学准教授 矢代 航University of Tokyo(東京大学

The cellular protein MCM3AP is required for inhibition of cellular DNA synthesis by the IE86 protein of human cytomegalovirus.

Like all DNA viruses, human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection is known to result in profound effects on host cell cycle. Infection of fibroblasts with HCMV is known to induce an advance in cell cycle through the G(0)-G(1) phase and then a subsequent arrest of cell cycle in early S-phase, presumably resulting in a cellular environment optimum for high levels of viral DNA replication whilst precluding replication of cellular DNA. Although the exact mechanisms used to arrest cell cycle by HCMV are unclear, they likely involve a number of viral gene products and evidence points to the ability of the virus to prevent licensing of cellular DNA synthesis. One viral protein known to profoundly alter cell cycle is the viral immediate early 86 (IE86) protein--an established function of which is to initially drive cells into early S phase but then inhibit cellular DNA synthesis. Here we show that, although IE86 interacts with the cellular licensing factor Cdt1, it does not inhibit licensing of cellular origins. Instead, IE86-mediated inhibition of cellular DNA synthesis requires mini-chromosome-maintenance 3 (MCM3) associated protein (MCM3AP), which can cause subsequent inhibition of initiation of cellular DNA synthesis in a licensing-independent manner

<所内学術研究成果報告>L. 水の科学と高周波分光

糖はその分子内に多数のOH基を有する有機物であり,水溶液中で変旋光を示す。D-glucoseでは,水溶液中で1位のOH基の立体配置に基づくα, β異性化が起こるため,糖分子周囲の水和構造にも変化が生じると考えられる。高周波分光法は,溶液構造変化あるいは分子同士の会合状態変化を鋭敏に検出することが可能である。今回,D-glucoseのα, β異性化反応過程を高周波分光法により追跡し,1800MHz付近の共振ピークが反応時間によってその吸収強度に変化が生じることを見出した。吸収強度変化は,異性化反応時間との間に直線関係が成立し,比旋光度変化との間にも良い相関が得られた