Overall Animal Welfare Assessment of Dairy Cattle at the Farm Level Using the Shinshu Comfort Livestock Farm Certification Standard (Advanced Studies on Sustainable Animal Production: Interrelationships among Human, Animal and Environment, 8th International Symposium of Integrated Field Science)

Poster Sessio

Effect of Trans Fatty Acid on Insulin Responsiveness and Fatty Acid Composition of Lipid Species of 3T3-L1 Adipocytes

Trans fatty acids (TFAs) have at least one non-conjugate double bond in trans and TFAs are divided into two groups such as naturally or industry-occurring groups. Recent studies reveal that intake of industrial TFA is linked to increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Moreover, several studies suggest that intake of industrial TFA increases risk of diabetes, although other studies show that intake of industrial TFA is not associated with diabetes. Therefore, we used adipocytes which play important roles in glucose metabolism and development of diabetes, and our previous study showed that persistent exposure to elaidate, a major industrial TFA, impairs insulin-dependent glucose uptake of adipocytes. Since phospholipid acts as a scaffold for molecules of insulin signaling, we analyzed intracellular distribution of elaidate and fatty acid composition of lipid species. Incorporated elaidate is esterified into triglyceride and phospholipid. Moreover, elaidate-esterified phospholipids are distributed in various organelles. Intriguingly, persistent exposure to elaidate reduces the amount of oleate in phospholipid of mitochondria and plasma membrane and disturbs the equilibrium between bent and linear-shaped chain fatty acid. Therefore, disturbed equilibrium of fatty acid composition of phospholipid should be considered to elucidate the mechanism for impaired insulin responsiveness of adipocytes exposed to elaidate

Relationships between Spirituality, Health Self-efficacy and Health Locus of Control in the Elderly

The purpose of this study was to clarify the relationships between spirituality, health locus of control and health self-efficacy. A questionnaire survey was administered to elderly people living at home, and 696 valid responses were collected and analyzed. The subjects\u27 mean age was 74.0±5.2 years. Using a causal model to analyze the relationship between spirituality, health locus of control and health self-efficacy, data fitness to the model was evaluated by structural equation modeling. As a result, the validity of a model in which health locus of control affects health self-efficacy and spirituality while health self-efficacy enhances spirituality was confirmed. However, the nature of the relationship between health locus of control and spirituality and health self-efficacy differed according to the characteristics of health locus of control. In addition, there was a positive correlation between health self-efficacy and spirituality regarding "significance and objectives of life", "harmony with others", "belief", and "union with nature". In order to support for the spirituality of the elderly, the author suggests that strategies to improve the health self-efficacy for basic health control behavior are useful

High plasma concentration of beta-D-glucan after administration of sizofiran for cervical cancer

A 69-year-old woman with a history of cervical cancer was admitted to our hospital for further investigation of abnormal shadows on her chest roentgenogram. Histologic examination of transbronchial lung biopsy specimens revealed epithelioid cell granuloma, and Mycobacterium intracellulare was detected in the bronchial lavage fluid. The plasma level of (1→3)-beta-d-glucan was very high, and this elevated level was attributed to administration of sizofiran for treatment of cervical cancer 18 years previously. Therefore, in patients with cervical cancer, it is important to confirm whether or not sizofiran has been administered before measuring (1→3)-beta-d-glucan levels

Pulmonary intravascular large B-cell lymphoma successfully treated with rituximab, cyclophosphamide, vincristine, doxorubicin and prednisolone immunochemotherapy: Report of a patient surviving for over 1 year

A 73-year-old man with a history of lethargy, fever and dyspnea was admitted to Tottori University Hospital. A computed tomography (CT) scan revealed splenomegaly and diffusely spreading ground‑glass opacities (GGOs) in both lungs. A video‑assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS)‑guided lung biopsy revealed intravascular proliferation of large atypical lymphoid cells in the arteries, veins and alveolar walls. The patient was diagnosed with intravascular large B‑cell lymphoma (IVLBCL); he received 6 cycles of rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine and prednisolone (R‑CHOP) immunochemotherapy and has remained in complete remission for >1 year. Although IVLBCL is a rare disease, it should be considered in the differential diagnosis of pulmonary diffuse lesions that present with GGOs on CT scans

カブトプリル投与中の分腎機能変化-腎血管性高血圧における診断的意義-

金沢大学大学院医学系研究

Early Intensive Nutrition Intervention with Dietary Counseling and Oral Nutrition Supplement Prevents Weight Loss in Patients with Advanced Lung Cancer Receiving Chemotherapy: A Clinical Prospective Study

【Background】 Weight loss in patients with cancer is caused by cancer cachexia and chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV). Recent developments in antiemetic drugs have substantially improved CINV, but nutritional intervention did not improve body weight. This study aimed to investigate the effects of nutrition intervention with appropriate antiemetic treatment in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer during chemotherapy. 【Methods】 Patients received individualized nutrition counseling by a registered dietitian and were provided with oral supplements for 90 days. Body weight and other parameters were measured at baseline and after 90-day intervention. To evaluate this nutrition intervention, patients were also retrospectively set as control, and then body weight change was compared with inverse probability of treatment weights (IPTW) analysis. 【Results】 Ten patients received individualized nutrition counseling and were provided with oral supplements for 90 days. Of them, 7 patients consumed nutritional supplements, and the mean intake was 130 kcal/day. After 90-day intervention, the patients did not show significant weight and BMI loss during the course of cytotoxic chemotherapy. A total of 38 patients were retrospectively enrolled as controls. The number of the patients who gain the body weight after 90 days in the study cohort was significantly larger than that in the retrospective controls with the IPTW analysis (Odds Ratio (OR) = 8.4; 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 1.6-42; P = 0.01). 【Conclusion】 Early intensive nutrition intervention with appropriate antiemetic treatment prevents weight loss. Nutrition interventions might be also beneficial for quality of life, treatment response and survival