Setup for shot noise measurements in carbon nanotubes

We have constructed a noise measurement setup for high impedance carbon nanotube samples. Our setup, working in the frequency range of 600 - 900 MHz, takes advantage of the fact that the shot noise power is reasonably large for high impedance sources so that relatively large, fixed non-matching conditions can be tolerated.Comment: 2 pages, 2 figures, published on AIP conference proceedings 200

Exploiting Category Names for Few-Shot Classification with Vision-Language Models

Vision-language foundation models pretrained on large-scale data provide a powerful tool for many visual understanding tasks. Notably, many vision-language models build two encoders (visual and textual) that can map two modalities into the same embedding space. As a result, the learned representations achieve good zero-shot performance on tasks like image classification. However, when there are only a few examples per category, the potential of large vision-language models is often underperformed, mainly due to the gap between a large number of parameters and a relatively small amount of training data. This paper shows that we can significantly improve the performance of few-shot classification by using the category names to initialize the classification head. With the proposed category name initialization method, our model obtains the state-of-the-art performance on a number of few-shot image classification benchmarks (e.g., 87.37% on ImageNet and 96.08% on Stanford Cars, both using five-shot learning)

Layered SnS2-reduced graphene oxide composite--a high-capacity, high-rate, and long-cycle life sodium-ion battery anode material.

A layered SnS -reduced graphene oxide (SnS -RGO) composite is prepared by a facile hydrothermal route and evaluated as an anode material for sodium-ion batteries (NIBs). The measured electrochemical properties are a high charge specific capacity (630 mAh g at 0.2 A g ) coupled to a good rate performance (544 mAh g at 2 A g ) and long cycle-life (500 mAh g at 1 A g for 400 cycles). © 2014 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim. 2 2 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -

Can Programming Languages Boost Each Other via Instruction Tuning?

When human programmers have mastered a programming language, it would be easier when they learn a new programming language. In this report, we focus on exploring whether programming languages can boost each other during the instruction fine-tuning phase of code large language models. We conduct extensive experiments of 8 popular programming languages (Python, JavaScript, TypeScript, C, C++, Java, Go, HTML) on StarCoder. Results demonstrate that programming languages can significantly improve each other. For example, CodeM-Python 15B trained on Python is able to increase Java by an absolute 17.95% pass@1 on HumanEval-X. More surprisingly, we found that CodeM-HTML 7B trained on the HTML corpus can improve Java by an absolute 15.24% pass@1. Our training data is released at https://github.com/NL2Code/CodeM.Comment: Work in progres

Revealing the Effect of High Ni Content in Li-Rich Cathode Materials: Mitigating Voltage Decay or Increasing Intrinsic Reactivity

Li-rich layered oxides are considered as one of the most promising cathode materials for secondary lithium batteries due to their high specific capacities, but the issue of continuous voltage decay during cycling hinders their market entry. Increasing the Ni content in Li-rich materials is assumed to be an effective way to address this issue and attracts recent research interests. However, a high Ni content may induce increased intrinsic reactivity of materials, resulting in severe side reactions with the electrolyte. Thus, a comprehensive study to differentiate the two effects of the Ni content on the cell performance with Li-rich cathode is carried out in this work. Herein, it is demonstrated that a properly dosed amount of Ni can effectively suppress the voltage decay in Li-rich cathodes, while over-loading of Ni, on the contrary, can cause structural instability, Ni dissolution, and nonuniform Li deposition during cycling as well as severe oxygen loss. This work offers a deep understanding on the impacts of Ni content in Li-rich materials, which can be a good guidance for the future design of such cathodes for high energy density lithium batteries

Construction of unique NiCo2O4 nanowire@CoMoO 4 nanoplate core/shell arrays on Ni foam for high areal capacitance supercapacitors

In this work, we present a facile two-step hydrothermal method with a successive annealing treatment to integrate two ternary metal oxides (NiCo 2O4 and CoMoO4) into unique core/shell nanowire arrays (NWAs) on Ni foam as advanced binder-free electrodes for the first time. In addition, a possible growth mechanism for the growth of CoMoO4 nanoplates (NPs) on NiCo2O4 nanowires (NWs) is put forward based on the time-dependent experiments. When investigated as binder-free electrodes for supercapacitors (SCs), such unique NiCo2O 4@CoMoO4 core/shell hybrid electrodes exhibit ultrahigh areal capacitances, which are several times larger than the pristine NiCo 2O4 electrode. The remarkable electrochemical performance is attributed to the rational combination of two electroactive materials and the reasonable array configuration. This journal is ? the Partner Organisations 2014

Construction of unique NiCo2O4 nanowire@CoMoO4 nanoplate core/shell arrays on Ni foam for high areal capacitance supercapacitors

National Basic Research Program of China [2007CB310500]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [61376073]In this work, we present a facile two-step hydrothermal method with a successive annealing treatment to integrate two ternary metal oxides (NiCo2O4 and CoMoO4) into unique core/shell nanowire arrays (NWAs) on Ni foam as advanced binder-free electrodes for the first time. In addition, a possible growth mechanism for the growth of CoMoO4 nanoplates (NPs) on NiCo2O4 nanowires (NWs) is put forward based on the time-dependent experiments. When investigated as binder-free electrodes for supercapacitors (SCs), such unique NiCo2O4@CoMoO4 core/shell hybrid electrodes exhibit ultrahigh areal capacitances, which are several times larger than the pristine NiCo2O4 electrode. The remarkable electrochemical performance is attributed to the rational combination of two electroactive materials and the reasonable array configuration

Strongly coupled hybrid nanostructures for selective hydrogen detection-understanding the role of noble metals in reducing cross-sensitivity

Noble metal-semiconductor hybrid nanostructures can offer outperformance to gas sensors in terms of sensitivity and selectivity. In this work, a catalytically activated (CA) hydrogen sensor is realized based on strongly coupled Pt/Pd-WO3 hybrid nanostructures constructed by a galvanic replacement participated solvothermal procedure. The room-temperature operation and high selectivity distinguish this sensor from the traditional ones. It is capable of detecting dozens of parts per million (ppm) hydrogen in the presence of thousands of ppm methane gas. An insight into the role of noble metals in reducing cross-sensitivity is provided by comparing the sensing properties of this sensor with a traditional thermally activated (TA) one made from the same pristine WO3. Based on both experimental and density functional theory (DFT) calculation results, the cross-sensitivity of the TA sensor is found to have a strong dependence on the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) level of the hydrocarbon molecules. The high selectivity of the CA sensor comes from the reduced impact of gas frontier orbitals on the charge transfer process by the nano-scaled metal-semiconductor (MS) interface. The methodology demonstrated in this work indicates that rational design of MS hybrid nanostructures can be a promising strategy for highly selective gas sensing applications. ? 2014 the Partner Organisations

Ethanol-sensing performance of tin dioxide octahedral nanocrystals with exposed high-energy {111} and {332} facets

National Natural Science Foundation of China [61376073]Tin dioxide octahedral nanocrystals with exposed high-energy {111} and {332} facets were hydrothermally synthesized and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and selected-area electron diffraction (SAED). Gas sensors were fabricated from the prepared SnO2 nanocrystals and applied to ethanol-sensing tests. Octahedral SnO2 {332} exhibited a maximum response of 2200 under an ethanol concentration of 800 ppm at 250 degrees C with a response time of 1.5 s and a recovery time of 32.5 s, whereas SnO2 {111} exhibited a maximum response of 179 at 360 degrees C with a response time of 9.5 s and a recovery time of 6.7 s. The sensing mechanisms responsible for SnO2 nanocrystals to ethanol vapor are discussed