516 research outputs found
Lipid-Mediated Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in the Pathogenesis of Parkinson's Disease
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative movement disorder of unknown etiology. PD is characterized by the progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra, depletion of dopamine in the striatum, abnormal mitochondrial and proteasomal functions, and accumulation of α-synuclein that may be closely associated with pathological and clinical abnormalities. Increasing evidence indicates that both oxidative stress and inflammation may play a fundamental role in the pathogenesis of PD. Oxidative stress is characterized by increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) and depletion of glutathione. Lipid mediators for oxidative stress include 4-hydroxynonenal, isoprostanes, isofurans, isoketals, neuroprostanes, and neurofurans. Neuroinflammation is characterized by activated microglial cells that generate proinflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-α and IL-1β. Proinflammatory lipid mediators include prostaglandins and platelet activating factor, together with cytokines may play a prominent role in mediating the progressive neurodegeneration in PD
Efficiency of Treated Domestic Wastewater to Irrigate Two Rice Cultivars, PK 386 and Basmati 515, under a Hydroponic Culture System
The increasing human population continues to exert pressure on the freshwater scarcity. The availability of freshwater for crop irrigation has become challenging. The present study aimed to use domestic wastewater (DWW) for the irrigation of two rice cultivars (CVs) after treatment with the bacterial strain Alcaligenes faecalis MT477813 under a hydroponic culture system. The first part of this study focused on the bioremediation and analysis of the physicochemical parameters of DWW to compare pollutants before and after treatment. The biotreatment of DWW with the bacterial isolate showed more than 90% decolourisation, along with a reduction in contaminants. The next part of the study evaluated the impacts of treated and untreated DWW on the growth of two rice cultivars, i.e., PK 386 and Basmati 515, under a hydroponic culture system which provided nutrients and water to plants with equal and higher yields compared to soil. Growth parameters such as the shoot and root length and the wet and dry weights of the rice plants grown in the treated DWW were considerably higher than those for the plants grown in untreated DWW. Therefore, enhanced growth of both rice cultivars grown in biotreated DWW was observed. These results demonstrate the bioremediation efficiency of the bacterial isolate and the utility of the DWW for rice crop irrigation subsequent to biotreatment
Distribution of Various Mycotoxins in Compound Feed, Total Mix Ration and Silage
Present study was planned to assess the spectrum of natural occurrence of aflatoxins, zearalenone, ochratoxin A and A-B trichothecenes in dairy feed, silage and total mixed rations. One hundred and seventy one samples were analyzed by chromatographic technique. In cattle compound feed, there was a high incidence of aflatoxin B1 (97.3%) followed by aflatoxin B2 (50.3%), aflatoxin G1 (10.7%), aflatoxin G2 (1.5%), zearalenone (39.3%), ochratoxin A (37.5%) and deoxynivalenol (2.9%) with average values of 29, 8, 21, 10, 862, 64 and 813 ng/g respectively. Nine samples were found tainted with T-2 toxin (282ng/g), nivalenol (285ng/g) and fusarenon-x (1625ng/g) respectively. However, frequency distribution showed that positive seventy-seven (51.6%)samples found to be contaminated with aflatoxin B1 levels higher than permissible level of European Commission (<20ng/g). For zearalenone, forty-four (32.5%) samples were tainted with levels ranging from ≥500 to 3750ng/gi.e. higher than recommendations by European commission (<500ng/g). In contrast to compound feed, mycotoxin analysis in silage samples demonstrated the high prevalence of ochratoxin A (77.8 %) followed by AFB1 (25%) with mean of 53 and 8.71ng/g respectively. A scrutiny of mycotoxin for total mixed ration depicted that all samples were contaminated with aflatoxin B1 and ochratoxin A with an average of 30 and 48.5ng/g respectively. As far as multi-mycotoxin co-existence is concerned, compound feed was concurrently contaminated with two, three and four types of mycotoxins
Production of L-asparaginase from Natural Substrates by Escherichia coli ATCC 10536 and Comparison of Physiology Parameters
High demand of L-asparaginase urges the researchers to maximize the production of this enzyme with affordable cost in short period of time. Microbial fermentation is an alternative source for production of L-asparaginase enzyme due to its low cost, easy culturing techniques as well as efficient purification. Addition of substrate is in favour to maximize the production of L-asparaginase where this substrate can be in the form of natural substance or waste products. Excessive amount of waste may cause environmental pollution. Thus, by utilizating waste as substrate is beneficial because the amount of waste can be reduced greaty. This study has shown that both cooked chicken bone and Moringa oleifera seeds as food waste and natural substance respectively can be used to enhance the production of this enzyme which involves fermentatio
Quantum recoil effects in finite-time disentanglement of two distinguishable atoms
Starting from the requirement of distinguishability of two atoms by their
positions, it is shown that photon recoil has a strong influence on finite-time
disentanglement and in some cases prevents its appearance. At near-field inter
atomic distances well localized atoms, with maximally one atom being initially
excited, may suffer disentanglement at a single finite time or even at a series
of equidistant finite times, depending on their mean inter atomic distance and
their initial electronic preparation.Comment: 13 pages, 1 figure, submitted to Physical Review on august 2
Transfer information remotely via noise entangled coherent channels
In this contribution, a generalized protocol of quantum teleportation is
suggested to investigate the possibility of remotely transfer unknown
multiparities entangled coherent state. A theoretical technique is introduced
to generate maximum entangled coherent states which are used as quantum
channels. We show that the mean photon number plays a central role on the
fidelity of the transferred information. The noise parameter can be considered
as a control parameter only for small values of the mean photon number
EFFECT OF CROSS FIT EXERCISES ON WEIGHT LOSS OF MALES IN LAHORE
The purpose of this research was to explore the effect of Cross Fit, a latest fitness techniques being used all over the world to get a good physique and health, in reducing weight of male persons ranging from 18 to 25 years. A sample of 8 male students ranging age from 18 to 25 years to measure the change in variables like Body weight, %age Fat ratio, %age of Total Body Water contents, %age of Lean Muscle Mass after applying Cross Fit training program in pre and post analysis. After designing and applying a 28 days Cross Fit plan and diet plans for each individual according to their Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR) and Total Daily Energy Expenditure (TDEE), it was found that there is a positive significant change in these variables mentioned above which showed that Cross Fit training program d
EFFECT OF CROSS FIT EXERCISES ON WEIGHT LOSS OF MALES IN LAHORE
The purpose of this research was to explore the effect of Cross Fit, a latest fitness techniques being used all over the world to get a good physique and health, in reducing weight of male persons ranging from 18 to 25 years. A sample of 8 male students ranging age from 18 to 25 years to measure the change in variables like Body weight, %age Fat ratio, %age of Total Body Water contents, %age of Lean Muscle Mass after applying Cross Fit training program in pre and post analysis. After designing and applying a 28 days Cross Fit plan and diet plans for each individual according to their Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR) and Total Daily Energy Expenditure (TDEE), it was found that there is a positive significant change in these variables mentioned above which showed that Cross Fit training program d
Lack of association between polymorphism rs540782 and primary open angle glaucoma in Saudi patients.
Background
To investigate whether polymorphism rs540782 on chromsome 1, in close proximity to the Zona Pellucida Glycoprotein 4 (ZP4) gene, is a risk factor for primary open angle glaucoma (POAG).
Method
The study genotyped 92 unrelated POAG cases and 95 control subjects from Saudi Arabia using Taq-Man® assay.
Results
The genotype frequency distribution did not deviate significantly from the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (p > 0.05). Overall, both the genotype and allele frequencies were not significantly different between cases and controls. The minor ‘C’ allele frequency was 49.4%, which was comparable to the Japanese population and higher than the Indian and Afro-Caribbean populations. Similarly, no significant association was found between genotypes and systemic diseases and health awareness/behavior domain variables. Importantly, glaucoma specific indices, such as intraocular pressure, cup/disc ratio and number of anti-glaucoma medication, also showed no statistically significant effect of genotypes within POAG cases.
Conclusion
Polymorphism rs540782 is not a risk factor for POAG in the Saudi cohort
Examining the total factor productivity changing patterns in Kazakhstan: An input-output analysis
The interconnectedness of sectors displays the demand for inputs and supply as a level of output in any economy. This paper addresses the Total Factor Productivity (TFP) in Kazakhstan sectors by using input-output tables during 2012-2017. The change in total sectoral production was separated into two parts: the changes in technical coefficients of intermediate inputs and the change in value-added inputs, respectively. The main findings have identified a changing pattern in sectoral performance. At the same time, the result justified that various sectors such as; petroleum, manufacturing, construction, and food processing sectors have shown increased productivity. The country highly depends on extractive industries but still has better manufacturing value-added performance. The study suggests that to combat challenges like COVID-19 and climate change, it is vital to develop human capital and diversity. With diversification and innovative measures, an economy can attain sustainable economic growth in the long term
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