1,131 research outputs found
A study on regulation standard for SMRs
The current thinking in the nuclear energy industry is favoring by small-scale Small Modular Reactors (SMRs) with improved safety and multiple applications compared to conventional large-size nuclear power plants. The demand for SMR is increasing in places where existing large-scale nuclear power plants are not applicable, such as developing countries with distributed power generation areas, small power grid capacity, heating demand in remote areas, and seawater desalination.
Currently, cooperative research between Generation IV Information Forum (GIF) member countries is actively underway. SMRs are being evaluated as a major development direction for the nuclear energy industry. However, SMRs reactor facilities have not yet been deployed in commercial operation, and research and development is ongoing.
External leakage of radioactive material from accidents can pose a very serious risk to workers and the public. Therefore, nuclear facilities must meet the regulatory standards of the regulatory body, from construction to operation and accident management.
However, it is inappropriate to consider the characteristics of SMRs and then apply the current regulatory standards to SMRs. In this report, a literature review method was used to characterize SMRs. The main technical standards were examined to determine which items were found to be inadequate for SMRs based on the characteristics of the SMRs. As a result, four characteristics were derived. Then, an alternative to the regulatory criteria for siting and operation was derived. Improvements in operations and siting related regulatory requirements are recommended
Linear operators that strongly preserve regularity of fuzzy matrices
An fuzzy matrix is called {regular} if there
is an fuzzy matrix such that . We study the
problem of characterizing those linear operators on the fuzzy
matrices such that is regular if and only if is.
Consequently, we obtain that strongly preserves regularity of
fuzzy matrices if and only if there are permutation matrices
and such that it has the form or for
all fuzzy matrices
Linear preservers of term ranks of matrices over semirings
AbstractThe term rank of a matrix A over a semiring S is the least number of lines (rows or columns) needed to include all the nonzero entries in A. In this paper, we study linear operators that preserve term ranks of matrices over S. In particular, we show that a linear operator T on matrix space over S preserves term rank if and only if T preserves term ranks 1 and α(≥2) if and only if T preserves two consecutive term ranks in a restricted condition. Other characterizations of term-rank preservers are also given
Linear Operators That Preserve Two Genera of a Graph
If a graph can be embedded in a smooth orientable surface of genus g without edge crossings and can not be embedded on one of genus g − 1 without edge crossings, then we say that the graph has genus g. We consider a mapping on the set of graphs with m vertices into itself. The mapping is called a linear operator if it preserves a union of graphs and it also preserves the empty graph. On the set of graphs with m vertices, we consider and investigate those linear operators which map graphs of genus g to graphs of genus g and graphs of genus g + j to graphs of genus g + j for j ≤ g and m sufficiently large. We show that such linear operators are necessarily vertex permutations
Quantum Conductance Probing of Oxygen Vacancies in SrTiO3 Epitaxial Thin Film Using Graphene
The quantum Hall conductance in monolayer graphene on an epitaxial SrTiO3
(STO) thin film is studied to understand the role of oxygen vacancies in
determining the dielectric properties of STO. As the gate voltage sweep range
is gradually increased in our device, we observe systematic generation and
annihilation of oxygen vacancies evidenced from the hysteretic conductance
behavior in graphene. Furthermore, based on the experimentally observed linear
scaling relation between the effective capacitance and the voltage sweep range,
a simple model is constructed to manifest the relationship among the dielectric
properties of STO with oxygen vacancies. The inherent quantum Hall conductance
in graphene can be considered as a sensitive, robust, and non-invasive probe
for understanding the electronic and ionic phenomena in complex transition
metal oxides without impairing the oxide layer underneath.Comment: 21 pages, 4 figures, 2 supp. figure
WSPMaker: a web tool for calculating selection pressure in proteins and domains using window-sliding
FEASIBILITY OF BREWING MAKGEOLLI (TURBID RICE WINE) USING PARTIALLY GELATINIZED WHEAT FLOUR AND TAPIOCA FLOUR
Makgeolli is made from cooked rice or wheat, then brewed with nuruk (Korean fermentation starter) for several days. But, nowadays, attempts have been made to use various raw materials and process innovations to make makgeolli for particular purposes. This study aimed to evaluate the quality of makgeolly made from partially gelatinized wheat flour and tapioca flour. Five different combination of wheat flour and tapioca flour were used to manufacture makgeolli. The results showed that different combination of partially gelatinized wheat flour and tapioca flour significantly affected the chemical and sensorial characteristics of makgeolli. Increasing proportion of wheat flour produced higher level of total acid, amino acidity, reducing sugar and total solid of makgeolli. Inversely, alcohol content was higher when higher level of tapioca flour was used. In general, sensorial characteristics of makgeolli made from partially gelatinized wheat flour and tapioca flour didn’t acceptable by panelists. Thus, brewing makgeolli by using partially gelatinized wheat flour and tapioca flour isn’t acceptable in term of sensorial characteristics
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