3,256 research outputs found
Understanding water–energy–food security nexus to design technology and policy approaches for enhanced adaptation to climate change in India: Report of researcher exchange June 2017
The India-UK Water Centre (IUKWC) promotes cooperation and collaboration between the complementary priorities of NERC-MoES water security research.
This report provides an overview of the participation, activities and conclusions of a Researcher Exchange on “Understanding Water–Energy–Food (WEF) Security Nexus to Design Technology and Policy Approaches for Enhanced Adaptation to Climate Change in India”, undertaken by
Dr. N. K.Tyagi (International Development Centre, India) and hosted by Prof. L. Mehta (Institute
of Development Studies, University of Sussex, UK) during 8–29th June 2017 under the India UK Water Centre’s Researcher Exchange initiative. It includes a summary of activities and outputs, synthesis on developments in the nexus approach, WEF security concerns in India, and the required technology and policy changes for implementing nexus approach. The report is intended for the India-UK Water Centre (IUKWC) community, and stakeholders interested in
WEF nexus research
Recommended from our members
Mechanistic Modeling of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection in Murine Models for Drug and Vaccine Efficacy Studies.
Tuberculosis (TB) drug, regimen, and vaccine development rely heavily on preclinical animal experiments, and quantification of bacterial and immune response dynamics is essential for understanding drug and vaccine efficacy. A mechanism-based model was built to describe Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv infection over time in BALB/c and athymic nude mice, which consisted of bacterial replication, bacterial death, and adaptive immune effects. The adaptive immune effect was best described by a sigmoidal function on both bacterial load and incubation time. Applications to demonstrate the utility of this baseline model showed (i) the important influence of the adaptive immune response on pyrazinamide (PZA) drug efficacy, (ii) a persistent adaptive immune effect in mice relapsing after chemotherapy cessation, and (iii) the protective effect of vaccines after M. tuberculosis challenge. These findings demonstrate the utility of our model for describing M. tuberculosis infection and corresponding adaptive immune dynamics for evaluating the efficacy of TB drugs, regimens, and vaccines
Properties and Optical Working of Infrared Materials
Optical and physical properties of various infrared materials of current interest are reviewed and the criteria for selecting suitable materials for specific purposes along with the factors affecting the performance of IR components under different conditions of use are discussed. The techniques of optical working of different infrared materials viz., cutting, grinding, polishing, protective coating and testing are also described in detail
E2F Activation of S Phase Promoters via Association with HCF-1 and the MLL Family of Histone H3K4 Methyltransferases
E2F transcriptional regulators control human-cell proliferation by repressing and activating the transcription of genes required for cell-cycle progression, particularly the S phase. E2F proteins repress transcription in association with retinoblastoma pocket proteins, but less is known about how they activate transcription. Here, we show that the human G1 phase regulator HCF-1 associates with both activator (E2F1 and E2F3a) and repressor (E2F4) E2F proteins, properties that are conserved in insect cells. Human HCF-1-E2F interactions are versatile: their associations and binding to E2F-responsive promoters are cell-cycle selective, and HCF-1 displays coactivator properties when bound to the E2F1 activator and corepressor properties when bound to the E2F4 repressor. During the G1-to-S phase transition, HCF-1 recruits the mixed-lineage leukemia (MLL) and Set-1 histone H3 lysine 4 methyltransferases to E2F-responsive promoters and induces histone methylation and transcriptional activation. These results suggest that HCF-1 induces cell-cycle-specific transcriptional activation by E2F proteins to promote cell proliferation
Unified lower bounds for interactive high-dimensional estimation under information constraints
We consider the task of distributed parameter estimation using interactive
protocols subject to local information constraints such as bandwidth
limitations, local differential privacy, and restricted measurements. We
provide a unified framework enabling us to derive a variety of (tight) minimax
lower bounds for different parametric families of distributions, both
continuous and discrete, under any loss. Our lower bound framework is
versatile and yields "plug-and-play" bounds that are widely applicable to a
large range of estimation problems. In particular, our approach recovers bounds
obtained using data processing inequalities and Cram\'er--Rao bounds, two other
alternative approaches for proving lower bounds in our setting of interest.
Further, for the families considered, we complement our lower bounds with
matching upper bounds.Comment: Significant improvements: handle sparse parameter estimation,
simplify and generalize argument
Conductivity landscape of highly oriented pyrolytic graphite surface containing ribbons and edges
We present an extensive study on electrical spectroscopy of graphene ribbons
and edges of highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) using atomic force
microscope (AFM). We have addressed in the present study two main issues, (1)
How does the electrical property of the graphite (graphene) sheet change when
the graphite layer is displaced by shear forces? and (2) How does the
electrical property of the graphite sheet change across a step edge? While
addressing these two issues we observed, (1) variation of conductance among the
graphite ribbons on the surface of HOPG. The top layer always exhibits more
conductance than the lower layers, (2) two different monolayer ribbons on the
same sheet of graphite shows different conductance, (3) certain ribbon/sheet
edges show sharp rise in current, (4) certain ribbons/sheets on the same edge
shows both presence and absense of the sharp rise in the current, (5) some
lower layers at the interface near a step edge shows a strange dip in the
current/conductance (depletion of charge). We discuss possible reasons for such
rich conducting landscape on the surface of graphite.Comment: 13 pages, 9 figures. For better quality figures please contact autho
- …