The State of the Art in Jail Drug Treatment Programs

It has been well-documented that drug arrests are a major factor in increases in jail and prison populations. In light of this, there is a growing interest in treatment programs, both in and out of custody. However, there is a debate regarding the effectiveness of drug treatment programs in reducing recidivism and drug use. The question of whether jail drug treatment is a cost-effective investment depends in part on the results achieved by the program, whether through reduced recidivism or lowered in-custody incident rates. If recidivism is lower for participants than for comparable nonparticipants, then we can assume that the higher "costs" of these programs are offset by tangible savings to the criminal justice system and by less tangible, but significant savings to the community

Medical Education and Medical Licensing in Lower Canada: Demographic Factors, Conflict and Social Change

Entre 1815 et 1831 la profession médicale se partageait en deux groupes, distincts sur les plans ethnique, social et politique, l’un et l’autre cherchant à contrôler l’accès à la pratique. Une couche nouvelle de médecins autochtones, en majorité canadiens-français, s’éleva contre les jurys d’examen composés avant tout de chirurgiens militaires britanniques nommés par le gouverneur en vertu de la loi de 1788. À l’affût de statut social et de reconnaissance professionnelle, ces nouveaux membres des professions libérales eurent recours à l’influence de leurs représentants à l’Assemblée législative. Après 1815, des changements rapides se produisirent : les docteurs britanniques et anglophones dominèrent la pratique dans les villes, tandis que les Canadiens français exercèrent de plus en plus dans les campagnes. De telles disparités socio-économiques et professionnelles accentuèrent les tensions entre les deux groupes, qui furent encore renforcées par les différences de niveau dans la formation médicale, au fur et à mesure que l’apprentissage le cédait à des études plus formelles. Une nouvelle loi régissant la profession fut votée en 1831 mais elle ne survécut pas aux événements de 1837-1838

Education and Responsibility

This book reveals the sources of the disquiet prevailing among educators over the apparent failure of the public school system to develop moral responsibility in America’s youth. The doctrine of separation of church and state has made sectarian religious training illegal in public schools, and Tunis Romein shows that the task of providing moral guidance, suddenly thrust upon educators, has disclosed their deep schisms in educational philosophy—basic contradictions which have split American education from top to bottom. Romein explains the basic conflicts in education by examining three educational philosophies—progressivism, educational reconstructionism, and classical humanism—and comparing all of them with the traditional Christian view. He holds that all educational philosophies, whether secular or not, are based on faith, and that all can be tested with regard to their beliefs about the nature of man and about the kind of moral responsibility education should develop in man. With sincerity and frankness, Romein analyzes the moral and intellectual poverty of much of the thinking dominant in education today, and he shows the necessity as well as the difficulty of making faith in God once more the underlying influence in American education. Tunis Romein is dean of the faculty at Mitchell College, Statesville, North Carolina.https://uknowledge.uky.edu/upk_social_and_philosophical_foundations_of_education/1002/thumbnail.jp

Zoned In: How Residence Restrictions Lead to the Indefinite and Unconstitutional Detention of New Yorkers Convicted of Sex Crimes

Despite the New York Court of Appeals majority holding in People ex rel. Johnson, New York’s policy of detaining individuals beyond their maximum sentence because they are unable to procure SARA-compliant housing is plainly unconstitutional. The policy violates sex offenders’ fundamental right to be released from prison after serving their sentence. Further, the policy fails to meet even the most relaxed form of judicial review because the state has not shown that it benefits public safety. Indeed, there is virtually no evidence proving that this policy serves to protect the public at all, and a growing body of research shows that restrictive residence constraints create hardships that lead to recidivism. Finally, the policy violates sex offenders’ Eighth Amendment rights because it punishes them for being homeless, a status imposed upon them by the sex offender statute itself

Fostering an Integrated Society: An Aspiration or a Reality?

Harold Crabtree Foundation Award in Public Policy Lecture, The University of Western Ontari

Accident and Malpractice Liability of Professional Corporation Shareholders

Part I of this note describes the various tort liability provisions found in the professional corporation acts, focusing particularly on the recently published Model Professional Corporation Supplement. Part II compares how effectively these alternatives accomplish the goals of accident law in the professional corporation setting. The inability of the preferred model provision to alleviate the malpractice problem in any way as well as proposals for reinvigoration of the professional corporation act concept are discussed in Part III

Improving the Quality and Efficiency of the Medicare Program Through Coverage Policy

Outlines Medicare coverage and payment policy on new technologies and recommends changes that could help achieve the Triple Aim goals of enhancing the individual experience of care, improving population health, and reducing per capita costs of care