Discrimination of models including doubly charged scalar bosons by using tau lepton decay distributions

The doubly charged scalar boson (H^{\pm\pm}) is introduced in several models of the new physics beyond the standard model. The H^{\pm\pm} has Yukawa interactions with two left-handed charged leptons or two right-handed charged leptons depending on the models. We study kinematical properties of H^{\pm\pm} decay products through tau leptons in order to discriminate the chiral structures of the new Yukawa interaction. The chirality of tau leptons can be measured by the energy distributions of the tau decay products, and thus the chiral structure of the new Yukawa interaction can be traced in the invariant-mass distributions of the H^{\pm\pm} decay products. We perform simulation studies for the typical decay patterns of the H^{\pm\pm} with simple event selections and tau-tagging procedures, and show that the chiral structure of the Yukawa interactions of H^{\pm\pm} can be distinguished by measuring the invariant-mass distributions.Comment: 13 pages, 8 eps files; published in Physics Letter

Phenomenology in the Zee Model with the A_4 Symmetry

The Zee model generates neutrino masses at the one-loop level by adding charged SU(2)_L-singlet and extra SU(2)_L-doublet scalars to the standard model of particle physics. As the origin of the nontrivial structure of the lepton flavor mixing, we introduce the softly broken A_4 symmetry to the Zee model. This model is compatible with the tribimaximal mixing which agrees well with neutrino oscillation measurements. Then, a sum rule m_1 e^{i alpha_12} + 2 m_2 + 3 m_3 e^{i alpha_32} = 0 is obtained and it results in Delta m^2_31 < 0 and m_3 > 1.8*10^{-2}eV. The effective mass |(M_nu)_{ee}| for the neutrinoless double beta decay is predicted as | (M_\nu)_{ee} | > 1.7*10^{-2}eV. The characteristic particles in this model are SU(2)_L-singlet charged Higgs bosons s^+_alpha (alpha=xi,eta,zeta) which are made from a 3-representation of A_4. Contributions of s^+_alpha to the lepton flavor violating decays of charged leptons are almost forbidden by an approximately remaining Z_3 symmetry; only BR(tau to ebar mu mu) can be sizable by the flavor changing neutral current interaction with SU(2)_L-doublet scalars. Therefore, s^+_alpha can be easily light enough to be discovered at the LHC with satisfying current constraints. The flavor structures of BR(s^-_alpha to ell nu) are also discussed.Comment: 26 pages, 4 figures, version accepted by PR

Constraints from muon g-2 and LFV processes in the Higgs Triplet Model

Constraints from the muon anomalous magnetic dipole moment and lepton flavor violating processes are translated into lower bounds on v_Delta*m_H++ in the Higgs Triplet Model by considering correlations through the neutrino mass matrix. The discrepancy of the sign of the contribution to the muon anomalous magnetic dipole moment between the measurement and the prediction in the model is clarified. It is shown that mu to e gamma, tau decays (especially, tau to mu e e), and the muonium conversion can give a more stringent bound on v_Delta*m_H++ than the bound from mu to eee which is expected naively to give the most stringent one.Comment: 18 pages, 16 figure

Application of a Simplified Method of Chloroplast Enrichment to Small Amounts of Tissue for Chloroplast Genome Sequencing

Premise of the study: High-throughput sequencing of genomic DNA can recover complete chloroplast genome sequences, but the sequence data are usually dominated by sequences from nuclear/mitochondrial genomes. To overcome this deficiency, a simple enrichment method for chloroplast DNA from small amounts of plant tissue was tested for eight plant species including a gymnosperm and various angiosperms. Methods: Chloroplasts were enriched using a high-salt isolation buffer without any step gradient procedures, and enriched chloroplast DNA was sequenced by multiplexed high-throughput sequencing. Results: Using this simple method, significant enrichment of chloroplast DNA-derived reads was attained, allowing deep sequencing of chloroplast genomes. As an example, the chloroplast genome of the conifer Callitris sulcata was assembled, from which polymorphic microsatellite loci were isolated successfully. Discussion: This chloroplast enrichment method from small amounts of plant tissue will be particularly useful for studies that use sequencers with relatively small throughput and that cannot use large amounts of tissue (e.g., for endangered species)

Lepton number violation at the LHC with leptoquark and diquark

AbstractWe investigate a model in which tiny neutrino masses are generated at the two-loop level by using scalar leptoquark and diquark multiplets. The diquark can be singly produced at the LHC, and it can decay into a pair of leptoquarks through the lepton number violating interaction. Subsequent decays of the two leptoquarks can provide a clear signature of the lepton number violation, namely two QCD jets and a pair of same-signed charged leptons without missing energy. We show that the signal process is not suppressed while neutrino masses are appropriately suppressed