Entrepreneurial-intention constraint model: A comparative analysis among post-graduate management students in India, Singapore and Malaysia

YesAlthough literature on entrepreneurship has increasingly focused on intention-based models, not much emphasis has been laid on understanding the combined effect of contextual and situational factors along with support of university environment on the formation of entrepreneurial intention among students. In an effort to make up for this shortfall, by taking Theory of Planned Behavior as basic framework, the present study seeks to understand the influence of three of the most important factors, viz. (a) endogenous barriers, (b) exogenous environment, and (c) university environment and support on the entrepreneurial intention among management students. The study sample consisted of 1,097 students, wherein 526 students were from India, 252 from Singapore, and 319 were from Malaysia. The results indicates that along with positive attitude and perceived behavioral control that directly influences entrepreneurial intention, university environment and support and exogenous environment also have an indirect but significant impact on shaping of entrepreneurial intention among students. With this, it was found that exogenous environment was found to have a negative relationship with both attitude towards behavior and perceived behavioral control for all three countries.The full-text of this article will be released for public view at the end of the publisher embargo on 2 Jun 2018

Planting the Seed: Innovation Diffusion of Craft Breweries in Florida

Though the craft brewing industry has witnessed significant growth in the last two decades, Florida saw a delay in craft brewery development, from very few breweries in the 1990s to an exponential increase in the mid-2010s. Though geographers have examined consumers’ interests in beer, none have questioned why growth is uneven in Florida, and, moreover, what role economics, identity, and politics play in the establishment of craft breweries. This study sought to understand why Florida lagged behind most of the U.S. in craft brewery expansion. We hypothesized that the unique features of the craft brewing industry (strong interpersonal connections, economic strategies, geography, politics, and identity) created both a means and hindrance to diffusion. Using qualitative and quantitative methodologies, this exploratory study concentrated on 87 microbreweries operating from 2013 until early 2016. Informal, unstructured and/or semi-structured interviews were conducted with 26 craft brewery employees, and participant observations were collected at 14 beer industry-focused events. We used diffusion analysis to understand the spread of craft breweries, considering the role of external and internal influences on permeation. Results indicate that Florida craft brewing follows a unique pattern of distribution contrary to most models, as craft brewers rely on internal sources of influence. The social aspect of brewing is the predominant influence of diffusion. As craft brewing is social, it is noted that the initial pause in growth stems from possible risk reluctance by early adopters. Despite internal influence growth, external influences may have created barriers. Florida’s legal restrictions limited expansion for craft breweries due to distribution boundaries. Craft breweries saw an exponential increase following the lessening of beer-related laws. Future research is needed to determine if this phenomenon is true across other regions of the United States

Who is a ‘non-entrepreneur’? Taking the ‘others’ of entrepreneurship seriously

In response to the absence of entrepreneurial action on behalf of non-actors, micro-oriented scholars typically tend to refuse to allocate entrepreneurial capacities to the ‘others’ of entrepreneurship. However, in contesting this explanatory practice, macro-oriented scholars counter that ‘others’ do not lack power but opportunity. This article suggests how recurrent dualisms may be fruitfully surpassed within a conceptual framework that accommodates the ontological intuitions of both theorizing tendencies. Guarding against the temptation to deny the existence of either unexercised powers or unexploited opportunities not only allows us to resist the seduction of dualisms, but also allows for the emergence of an expanded worldview that enables a more dynamic conceptualization of the entrepreneurship phenomenon. The analysis closes by recommending directions for meta-theoretical research aiming at the identification of factors that may be hindering entrepreneurship scholarship from cognizance of realist (and realistic) insights