Clustering Techniques for Recommendation of Movies

A recommendation system employs a variety of algorithms to provide users with recommendations of any kind. The most well-known technique, collaborative filtering, involves users with similar preferences although it is not always as effective when dealing with large amounts of data. Improvements to this approach are required as the dataset size increases. Here, in our suggested method, we combine a hierarchical clustering methodology with a collaborative filtering algorithm for making recommendations. Additionally, the Principle Component Analysis (PCA) method is used to condense the dimensions of the data to improve the accuracy of the outcomes. The dataset will receive additional benefits from the clustering technique when using hierarchical clustering, and the PCA will help redefine the dataset by reducing its dimensionality as needed. The primary elements utilized for recommendations can be enhanced by applying the key elements of these two strategies to the conventional collaborative filtering recommendation algorithm. The suggested method will unquestionably improve the precision of the findings received from the conventional CFRA and significantly increase the effectiveness of the recommendation system. The total findings will be applied to the combined dataset of TMDB and Movie Lens, which is utilized to suggest movies to the user in accordance with the rating patterns that each individual user has generated

Detection of Covid-19 from X-ray Images using Deep Learning Techniques

Machine Learning (ML) based forecast systems have demonstrated their significance results in detecting several diseases. ML models have for some time been utilized in numerous application regions requiring the ID and prioritization of troublesome variables for a danger. Understanding and characterizing chest x-beam (CXR) and figured tomography (CT) pictures are critical for the finding of COVID19. To resolve these issues, the CNN Vggnet19 has been utilized to analyze Corona virus in light of CXR lung pictures. Such a device can save time in deciphering chest x-beams and increment exactness and consequently work on our clinical capacity to identify and analyze COVID19. In this work, arrangement of clinical x-beam lung pictures (which incorporate typical pictures, contaminated with microorganisms, and tainted infections including COVID19) were utilized to frame a profound CNN that could make the differentiation among clamour and helpful data, then utilize this preparation to decipher new pictures by perceiving designs that show specific sicknesses, for example, Covid disease in individual pictures

Rationalization of photo-detachment spectra of the indenyl anion (C9H7-) from the perspective of vibronic coupling theory

The nuclear dynamics of the low-lying first four electronic states of the prototypical indenyl radical is investigated based on first principles calculations to rationalize the experimental vibronic structure of the radical. The study is performed following both time-dependent and time-independent quantumchemistry approaches using a model diabatic Hamiltonian. The construction of model Hamiltonians is based on the fits of the adiabatic energies calculated from the electronic structure method. The analyses of the static and dynamics results of the present study corroborate the experimental findings regarding the shape of the spectrum, vibrational progressions and the lifetime of the excited state. Finally, the present theoretical investigations suggest that the electronic non-adiabatic effect is extremely important for a detailed study of the vibronic structure and the electronic relaxation mechanism of the low-lying electronic states of the indenyl radical

Thermal effects on electron-phonon interaction in silicon nanostructures

Raman spectra from silicon nanostructures, recorded using excitation laser power density of 1.0 kW/cm^2, is employed here to reveal the dominance of thermal effects at temperatures higher than the room temperature. Room temperature Raman spectrum shows only phonon confinement and Fano effects. Raman spectra recorded at higher temperatures show increase in FWHM and decrease in asymmetry ratio with respect to its room temperature counterpart. Experimental Raman scattering data are analyzed successfully using theoretical Raman line-shape generated by incorporating the temperature dependence of phonon dispersion relation. Experimental and theoretical temperature dependent Raman spectra are in good agreement. Although quantum confinement and Fano effects persists, heating effects start dominating at higher temperatures than room tempaerature.Comment: 9 Pages, 3 Figures and 1 Tabl

Generalised risk-sensitive control with full and partial state observation

This paper generalises the risk-sensitive cost functional by introducing noise dependent penalties on the state and control variables. The optimal control problems for the full and partial state observation are considered. Using a change of probability measure approach, explicit closed-form solutions are found in both cases. This has resulted in a new risk-sensitive regulator and filter, which are generalisations of the well-known classical results

A gas-to-particle conversion mechanism helps to explain atmospheric particle formation through clustering of iodine oxides

Emitted from the oceans, iodine-bearing molecules are ubiquitous in the atmosphere and a source of new atmospheric aerosol particles of potentially global significance. However, its inclusion in atmospheric models is hindered by a lack of understanding of the first steps of the photochemical gas-to-particle conversion mechanism. Our laboratory results show that under a high humidity and low HOx regime, the recently proposed nucleating molecule (iodic acid, HOIO2) does not form rapidly enough, and gas-to-particle conversion proceeds by clustering of iodine oxides (IxOy), albeit at slower rates than under dryer conditions. Moreover, we show experimentally that gas-phase HOIO2 is not necessary for the formation of HOIO2-containing particles. These insights help to explain new particle formation in the relatively dry polar regions and, more generally, provide for the first time a thermochemically feasible molecular mechanism from ocean iodine emissions to atmospheric particles that is currently missing in model calculations of aerosol radiative forcing

Pan-active imidazolopiperazine antimalarials target the Plasmodium falciparum intracellular secretory pathway.

A promising new compound class for treating human malaria is the imidazolopiperazines (IZP) class. IZP compounds KAF156 (Ganaplacide) and GNF179 are effective against Plasmodium symptomatic asexual blood-stage infections, and are able to prevent transmission and block infection in animal models. But despite the identification of resistance mechanisms in P. falciparum, the mode of action of IZPs remains unknown. To investigate, we here combine in vitro evolution and genome analysis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae with molecular, metabolomic, and chemogenomic methods in P. falciparum. Our findings reveal that IZP-resistant S. cerevisiae clones carry mutations in genes involved in Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)-based lipid homeostasis and autophagy. In Plasmodium, IZPs inhibit protein trafficking, block the establishment of new permeation pathways, and cause ER expansion. Our data highlight a mechanism for blocking parasite development that is distinct from those of standard compounds used to treat malaria, and demonstrate the potential of IZPs for studying ER-dependent protein processing

Antibacterial, Insecticidal and Free radical scavenging activity of methanol extract of Ziziphus rugosa Lam. (Rhamnaceae) fruit pericarp

Introduction: Ziziphus rugosa Lam. belongs to the family Rhamnaceae and is found chiefly in deciduous and semievergreen forest of Western Ghats. The present study was undertaken to determine antibacterial, insecticidal and free radical scavenging activity of methanol extract of Ziziphus rugosa Lam. fruit pericarp. Methods: The powdered fruit pericarp of Z. rugosa was extracted with methanol. Antibacterial activity of methanol extract was determined against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus by Agar well diffusion method. Free radical scavenging activity was determined using DPPH assay. The insecticidal activity of extract was tested against second instar larvae of Aedes aegypti. Results: The extract exhibited dose dependent inhibition of test bacteria. Among bacteria, E. coli was found to be more susceptible to extract than S. aureus. All the concentrations of extract produced over 50% mortality of larvae and the larvicidal effect was found to be dose dependent. The extract caused 100% mortality of larvae at concentration of 50 mg/ml. The extract exhibited concentration dependent radical scavenging activity with an IC 50 value of 61.88 µg/ml. The phytochemical analysis of extract showed the presence of alkaloids, saponins, flavonoids and glycosides. Conclusion: The extract, in suitable form, may be used to control bacterial diseases, free radical damage and arboviral diseases. The phytoconstituents present in the extract may be responsible for the tested biological efficacies of extract. Further studies on isolation of active constituents from the extract and their biological activity are under investigation

Synthesis and in vitro drug release studies on substituted polyphosphazene conjugates of lumefantrine.

The present study pertains to the delivery of antimalarial drug (Lumifantrine). In this, polyphosphazene has been used in the synthesis of polyphosphazene-linked conjugates of Lumifantrine. These polymer-linked Conjugates have been synthesized and characterized by modern analytical techniques. The in-vitro drug release of Lumifantrine drug conjugates: p-Amino benzoic acid ester substituted polyphosphazene drug conjugate (15) and Glycine methyl ester substituted polyphosphazene drug conjugate (21) have been found to be 6.00 % and 5.96% (pH 1.2), 88.52% and 79.86% (pH 7.4), respectively. These drug conjugate may prove an effective delivery system for the treatment of malaria