9 research outputs found

    Effect of sampling effort and sampling frequency on the composition of the planktonic crustacean assemblage: a case study of the river Danube

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    Although numerous studies have focused on the seasonal dynamics of riverine zooplankton, little is known about its short-term variation. In order to examine the effects of sampling frequency and sampling effort, microcrustacean samples were collected at daily intervals between 13 June and 21 July of 2007 in a parapotamal side arm of the river Danube, Hungary. Samples were also taken at biweekly intervals from November 2006 to May 2008. After presenting the community dynamics, the effect of sampling effort was evaluated with two different methods; the minimal sample size was also estimated. We introduced a single index (potential dynamic information loss; to determine the potential loss of information when sampling frequency is reduced. The formula was calculated for the total abundance, densities of the dominant taxa, adult/larva ratios of copepods and for two different diversity measures. Results suggest that abundances may experience notable fluctuations even within 1 week, as do diversities and adult/larva ratios

    Effects of eutrophication and hydrological condition on phytoplankton in the river Meuse ; implications for the production of drinking water

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    available from RIWA (Samenwerkende Rijn- en Maaswaterleidingbedrijven), P.O. Box 8169, 1005 AD Amsterdam, fax: 31-20-6881641Bij de productie van drinkwater uit oppervlaktewater kunnen algen problemen opleveren. Cyanobacterien kunnen geur- en smaakstoffen en toxines produceren en dringen soms door tot in het halffabrikaat of eindproduct. Kolonievormende kiezel- en groenwieren kunnen van zandfilters verstoppen. Deze problemen treden soms op bij de zuivering van Maaswater. Een aantal potentiele probleemalgensoorten komt voor in de Maas, zoals ketenvormende kiezelwieren die van nature voorkomen, en groen- en blauwwieren die toenemen in geeutrofieerde en gestuwde rivieren, zoals de Maas. Trendanalyse van de soortensamenstelling sinds de jaren '50 wijst op een langzame toename van groen- en blauwwieren. Over de laatste acht jaar is geen duidelijke trend te zien, op enkele extreme cyanobacteriebloeien door warme zomers na. Wel zijn er effecten gevonden van de waterkwaliteit en de hydrologische toestand op de soortensamenstelling van het fyto- en zooplankton in de Maas. In wateren die gevoed worden met Maaswater, zoals de Andelse Maas en de spaarbekkens in de Biesbosch, is het aantal potentiele probleemsoorten veel hoger. Dit wordt hoogst waarschijnlijk veroorzaakt door het stagnerende karakter van het water in die bekkens. Aangezien bijna alle innamepunten van waterleidingbedrijven in dergelijke wateren liggen, is het fytoplankton in die wateren een punt van aandacht.Algae can cause problems during drinking water production. Cyanobacteria may produce odourous compounds and toxins, or penetrate filters. Colonial diatoms and green algae can clog up sand filters. These problems sometimes occur during the purification of water from the river Meuse, which is an important source of drinking water in the Netherlands and Belgium. Several potentially problem-causing algal species are found in the Meuse, such as chain-forming diatoms, which are indigenious to rivers, and green and bluegreen algae, which are present in eutrophicated and regulated rivers. A trend analysis of the species composition of Meuse phytoplankton since the 1950's revealed a slight increase of green and bluegreen algae. During the last eight years no trends were apparent. A few extreme cyanobacterial blooms must be attributed to warm summers. Water quality and the hydrological condition of the Meuse did affect the species composition of phytoplankton and zooplankton. Waters that are fed with Meuse water, such as the Andels Meuse and the reservoirs in the Biesbosch, contained much more potentially problem-causing species. This is most probably the result of the higher retention times of the water in those reservoirs. As almost all water companies have their water inlets in such reservoirs, the phytoplankton composition in those waters remains a matter of concern.RIW

    An indicatorsystem for natural purification in surface waters. Background report

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    In dit rapport zijn een aantal literatuurstudies weergegeven, die als achtergrond gediend hebben bij het voorstel van een graadmeter voor de regulatie functie (life support functie) 'zelfreinigend vermogen van oppervlaktewater'. Het voorstel voor deze indicator is weergegeven in RIVM rapport 607605001This report contains the literature reviews that have been performed as the basis for a proposal for an indicator system for the life support function 'natural purification of surface waters'. The proposal for the indicator system is given in RIVM report 607605001.AlterraRIZAUniversiteit van AmsterdamUniversiteit van Utrech

    Desert rocks as plant refugia in the Near East

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