The Probiotic Market in Turkey

The focus on the gut microbiome is driving many health initiatives today, as it plays a critical role in maintaining overall body health. As a result, the use of microbiotic products is rapidly increasing, and Turkey is an important market in this area. To understand the dynamics of this market, its growth potential, and future predictions, a case study was conducted based on an interview with industry expert Haydar Yılmaz.During the interview, topics such as the history and current state of the industry, growth potential, market trends, consumer behaviour, regulations, and competition were discussed. In addition, detailed information was gathered on the product ranges, production processes, and R&D activities of companies operating in the sector. This information provided an important resource for understanding the industry's current state and identifying future growth opportunities. In the study, the data obtained were analyzed using the narrative analysis method.The microbiome and probiotic market in Turkey has high growth potential, creating opportunities for companies in the future. Investing in R&D and innovation is crucial for the sector's development and utilizing the microbiome in marketing strategies can be advantageous. Ultimately, this sector can have positive effects on human health

Artificial Intelligence in Global Business and Its Communication

This essay explores the role of artificial intelligence (AI) in global business and communication, focusing on the challenges, prospects, and potential threats. AI has revolutionized various industries, offering increased efficiency, improved decision-making, enhanced customer experiences, cost reduction, and competitive advantage. However, effective communication is vital for successful AI implementation, given the technical complexity and ethical concerns associated with AI. Strategies such as simplifying complex concepts, visual aids, transparency, education, and stakeholder engagement can address communication challenges. The future of AI in global business holds promise with advancements in machine learning algorithms, integration with emerging technologies, and improved natural language processing. However, ethical considerations, workforce displacement, security risks, trust, and long-term societal implications require attention. Responsible AI practices, reskilling/upskilling, cybersecurity measures, trust-building, and collaborative efforts among academia, industry, and policymakers are crucial to mitigate these challenges. By proactively addressing these issues, organizations can leverage AI to drive innovation, achieve a competitive advantage, and create a positive societal impact. The findings of this essay contribute to the understanding of AI's impact on global business and provide insights into effective communication strategies and responsible AI adoption

Clinical and Ultrasonographic Findings in Patients with Early Rheumatoid Arthritis: An 18-Month Follow-Up Cohort Study

Conclusions: Radiographic damage progresses at the similar severity in early and very early RA patients. The most important factor affecting the radiographic damage progression is the severity of US synovitis at the baseline and in the 1st month, independently of the disease activity

Evaluation of cognitive impairment in rheumatoid arthritis: predictive value of joint destruction and disease activity

AMAÇ: Romatoid Artrit (RA), oryantasyon, dikkat ve bellek zayıflığı gibi azalmış bilişsel işlevlere neden olur. Sunulan bu çalışmanın amacı RA’da bilişsel işlevlerin bir belirleyicisi olarak eklem yıkımını ve hastalığın diğer parametrelerini değerlendirmektir. GEREÇ VE YÖNTEM: Bu kesitsel çalışma, 45 hasta ve 40 sağlıklı kontrol içemektedir. RA’lı hastalarda radyolojik progresyon skoru (≥0.5, modifiye Sharp / van der Heijde skorları- MTS’ler), 28 eklemin hastalık aktivite skoru (DAS-28) ve 44 eklemin hastalık aktivite skoru (DAS-44) değerlendirildi. Mini Mental Test (MMSE) ve Hastane Anksiyete Depresyon Ölçeği (HADÖ) değerlendirildi. Sonuçlar, bilişsel işlevleri belirlemek için hasta ve kontrol grubu arasında karşılaştırıldı. BULGULAR: MMSE skorları açısından gruplar arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark vardı (p=0.003). RA ve kontrol grupları arasında anksiyete ve depresyon düzeyleri açısından anlamlı farklılık yoktu. MMSE skoru; hastalık süresi (p=0.011, r=-0.371), Sharp skoru (p=0.018, r=-0.350) ve DAS-28(p=0.044, r=-0.296) skoru ile ilişkilendirildi. Depresyon skoru da DAS ile ilişkiliydi (p=0.004, r=0.425). Romatoid faktör düzeyleri, antisiklik sitrullinat peptid düzeyleri ve bilişsel işlev testleri arasında herhangi bir ilişki bulunamadı. SONUÇ: Sonuçlar, uzun süredir RA olan hastalarda inflamatuar mediatörlere maruz kalmanın, eklemleri etkilediği sürece merkezi sinir sisteminde de bozulmaya neden olabileceğini göstermektedir. Bilişsel bozulma, hastalık şiddeti ve eklem yıkımı ile ilişkili idi. Dolayısıyla, radyografik eklem hasarı, RA’daki bu kronik süreç boyunca nöronal hasarın ve bilişsel bozulmanın boyutunu yansıtan pozitif bir ön belirteç olabilir.OBJECTIVE: Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) cause poor cognitive functions including reduced memory, orientation and attention. The aim of the present study is to evaluate joint destruction and other parameters of disease as a predictor of cognitive functions in RA. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This cross-sectional study included forty five patients and forty healthy controls. Radiological progression score (≥0.5 the modified Sharp/ van der Heijde scores- MTSs), disease activity score of 28 joints (DAS-28) and disease activity score of 44 joints (DAS-44) were evaluated in patients with RA. Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale (HADS) were evaluated and the results were compared between patients and control groups to determinate cognitive functions. RESULTS: There was a statistically significant difference between groups in terms of MMSE scores (p=0.003). There were no significant differences in terms of anxiety and depression levels between RA and control groups. MMSE score was correlated with disease duration (p=0.011, r=- 0.371), Sharp score (p=0.018, r=-0.350) and DAS-28 score (p=0.044, r=-0.296). Depression score was also correlated with DAS (p=0.004, r=0.425). No relationship was found between Rheumatoid factor levels, anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide levels and the cognitive function tests. CONCLUSIONS: The results indicate that exposure to inflammatory mediators in patients with long standing RA may lead to deterioration on central nervous system as long as affecting joints. Cognitive deterioration was correlated with disease severity and joint destruction. Thus, the radiographic joint destruction can be a positive predictor of reflecting the extent of neuronal damage and cognitive deterioration during this chronic process in RA

Artificial Intelligence in Global Business and Its Communication

This essay explores the role of artificial intelligence (AI) in global business and communication, focusing on the challenges, prospects, and potential threats. AI has revolutionized various industries, offering increased efficiency, improved decision-making, enhanced customer experiences, cost reduction, and competitive advantage. However, effective communication is vital for successful AI implementation, given the technical complexity and ethical concerns associated with AI. Strategies such as simplifying complex concepts, visual aids, transparency, education, and stakeholder engagement can address communication challenges. The future of AI in global business holds promise with advancements in machine learning algorithms, integration with emerging technologies, and improved natural language processing. However, ethical considerations, workforce displacement, security risks, trust, and long-term societal implications require attention. Responsible AI practices, reskilling/upskilling, cybersecurity measures, trust-building, and collaborative efforts among academia, industry, and policymakers are crucial to mitigate these challenges. By proactively addressing these issues, organizations can leverage AI to drive innovation, achieve a competitive advantage, and create a positive societal impact. The findings of this essay contribute to the understanding of AI's impact on global business and provide insights into effective communication strategies and responsible AI adoption

The Relationship Between Serum Pentraxine 3 Levels and Hematological Markers in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis

Conclusion: We found no correlation between PTX3 and disease activity score 28 or NLR, although PTX3 levels were higher in RA patients than the controls. As a result, we were unable to establish a relationship between PTX3 and disease activity, directly or indirectly. To our knowledge, our study was the first to investigate the relationship between PTX3 and NLR

The Evaluation of Serum Tumor Necrosis Factor-Like Weak Inducer of Apoptosis, Interleukin-6, Fetuin-A, Homeostatic Model Assessment-Insulin Resistance, and Insulin Levels in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients in Clinical Remission

Conclusion: We found that RA patients had lower sTWEAK levels and higher fetuin-A levels than the control group subjects. Furthermore, these two molecules were associated with each other. This study demonstrated that in RA patients, even if the disease is controlled with treatment, some molecules associated with an increased metabolic and cardiovascular risk continue to function. Follow-up studies on larger populations are warranted to confirm these findings

Treatment of patients with sciatica by transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation

1965'de R.Melzack vs P.Woll'un ağrı algılanmasında kapı kontrol kuramını ileri sürmesiylo agrmm elektriksel nörornodulasyonu yeniden ilgi görmeye başlamıştır. 1,3,4,15,29. Bu çalışma ağrılı afferent impul şiarın modül asyonu amacıyla kutanöz stimülasyon görü şüne destek sağlamıştır. Yaptığımız kaynak taramasıyla kronik ağrılarda yüksek fre kanslı TENS yönteminin etkin olduğuna ilişkin tüm yazarların görüş birliğinde olduğunu tespit ettik. Çalışma Uludağ Üniversitesi, Tıp Fakültesi, Fiziksel Tıp ve Rehabilitasyon Bölümüne başvuran, belirgin nörolojik defi si ti olmayan 21 siyatalji olgusu üzerinde yapıldı. Uygulama 21 seans olarak ve hergün bir kez 20 dak» süreyle yapıldı. Çalışmamızda parametre olarakj Ağrı,bacak kaldırma deneti, lomber hareketlerde ağrı ve lomber paravertebral kaslarda kaskı varlığı alın dı. Tedavi öncesi belirlenen parametreler, tedavinin 7.14 ve 21. günün de belirlenen parametrelerle karşılaştırıldı. Aradaki farklılık ista tistiksel olarak değerlendirildi.-41- Sonuçta yüksok frekanslı TENS yönteminin siyataljili hastalarda kosin yatak istirahatı ile birlikte istatistiksel olarak anlamlı derecede ağrı azalttığı» bacak kaldırma deneti, lombor böl gede kaskiyı düzelttiği ve lornber hareketlerde ağrıdaki azalmanın istatistiksel olarak anlamlı olduğu kanısına varılmıştır

Seasonal disease activity and serum vitamin D levels in rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis and osteoarthritis

Conclusion: These results suggest that vitamin D does not have an important role in the seasonal disease activity of these diseases and that seasonal changes in disease activity may play an important role in evaluating Ankylosing Spondylitis patients rather than Rheumatoid Arthritis and Osteoarthritis patients and should be taken into account when examining these patients. These conclusions need to be validated in multicenter studies with high number of patients