Electric field enhancement of pool boiling of dielectric fluids on pillar-structured surfaces: A lattice Boltzmann study

In this paper, by using a phase-change lattice Boltzmann (LB) model coupled with an electric field model, we numerically investigate the performance and enhancement mechanism of pool boiling of dielectric fluids on pillar-structured surfaces under an electric field. The numerical investigation reveals that applying an electric field causes both positive and negative influences on the pool boiling of dielectric fluids on pillar-structured surfaces. It is found that, under the action of an electric field, the electric force prevents the bubbles nucleated in the channels from crossing the edges of the pillar tops. On the one hand, such an effect results in the bubble coalescence in the channels and blocks the paths of liquid supply for the channels, which leads to the deterioration of pool boiling in the medium-superheat regime. On the other hand, it prevents the coalescence between the bubbles in the channels and those on the pillar tops, which suppresses the formation of a continuous vapor film and therefore delays the occurrence of boiling crisis. Meanwhile, the electric force can promote the departure of the bubbles on the pillar tops. Accordingly, the critical heat flux (CHF) can be improved. Based on the revealed mechanism, wettability-modified regions are applied to the pillar tops for further enhancing the boiling heat transfer. It is shown that the boiling performance on pillar-structured surfaces can be enhanced synergistically with the CHF being increased by imposing an electric field and the maximum heat transfer coefficient being improved by applying mixed wettability to the pillar-structured surfaces.Comment: 29 pages, 16 figure

从“手台”到“平台”：中国出租车司机地方技术网络研究

Este artículo investiga cómo los taxistas chinos utilizan equipos de baja tecnología (low tech), como radios portátiles y servicios de teléfono móvil, para formar redes locales de transporte. Estudios anteriores analizaban cómo las plataformas digitales como Didi Chuxing transformaron las relaciones laborales sin llegar a reparar en el hecho que las soluciones tecnológicas tradicionales, como el radiotaxi, fuera de las áreas metropolitanas resistieron la plataformización del sector del transporte. Este artículo presta atención a la diversidad del ecosistema TIC en China. Tras la revisión de los avances en las tecnologías de la comunicación móvil, analizamos las motivaciones económicas, culturales y sociales que propician el uso de soluciones low tech y medios cooperativos por parte del sector de taxistas a partir de dos estudios de caso de ciudades de cuarto y quinto nivel (Laizhou, Shandong; Ziyang, Sichuan).This paper investigates how Chinese taxi drivers utilize low-tech equipment, such as handheld radios and mobile phone services, to form local ride-hailing networks. Previous studies have analyzed how Internet platforms like Didi Chuxing have reshaped labor relations through technology and policies, but they have ignored the fact that outside metropolitan areas, traditional technological solutions, such as on-call radio platforms, have not been replaced by the rapidly expanding ride-hailing platforms. Therefore, to outline China’s diverse ICT practice environment, this paper focuses on a case study in two Chinese towns (Laizhou, Shandong; Ziyang, Sichuan), shifting the attention from metropolitan areas to neglected fourth- and fifth-tier cities. After reviewing the previous advancements in mobile communication technology, we discuss the economic, cultural, and social motivations behind the use of ‘low-tech’ devices and cooperative services by the Chinese taxi drivers in question.     &nbsp

Preparation of palladium nanoparticles and carboxylated MWNTs modified glassy carbon electrode and its application for the electrochemical determination of Cr (VI)

This study described a simple and rapid method for the electrochemical determination of Cr (VI) based on palladium nanoparticles and carboxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) (written as PdNPs-MWNT/GCE) .The prepared PdNPs-MWNT/GCE was characterized by FE-SEM,CV,EIS and DPV.It was found that many other metal ions such as Cr3+,Pd2+,Zn2+,Pb2+,Cu2+,Al3+,Ba2+,Ca2+,Mg2+ had no influence on Cr (VI) determination.Under the optimal conditions,the reduction current of Cr (VI) increased linearly with increasing the concentration of Cr (VI) in the range of 8×10-7~ 5×10-8mol/L with a correlation coefficient of 0.9960,and the detection limit of 3×10-8mol/L (based on S/N=3).The present method has the following advantages such as simple,rapid,good selectivity and sensitivity

Application of three-dimensional visualization modeling technology of ore bodies in metallogenic mode analysis

Objective Copper is an important strategic metal resource for national economic and social development. Therefore, the exploration and resource assessment of copper mines are of great significance. Methods Based on collected geological profiles and drilling data, this study constructed a three-dimensional geological model for a copper ore deposit in western Yunnan, which was applied to estimate the resource reserve in the mining area. Results The ore resource is estimated to be 48.93 million tons, including 0.543 million tons of copper. Through comparative analysis, the model and resource estimation established by our newly proposed three-dimensional geological modelling system shows high credibility, in which multiple analysis modules and dynamic update function have a wide range of applications and it can be used for future drilling engineering and resources estimation. Conclusion This study provides the basis for further exploration work in this region, and it can also be applied to the exploration and mining of related polymetallic deposits

ZnO Tips Dotted with Au Nanoparticles—Advanced SERS Determination of Trace Nicotine

Long-term exposure to nicotine causes a variety of human diseases, such as lung damage/adenocarcinoma, nausea and vomiting, headache, incontinence and heart failure. In this work, as a surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrate, zinc oxide (ZnO) tips decorated with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are fabricated and designated as ZnO/Au. Taking advantage of the synergistic effect of a ZnO semiconductor with morphology of tips and AuNPs, the ZnO/Au-based SERS assay for nicotine demonstrates high sensitivity and the limit of detection 8.9 × 10−12 mol/L is reached, as well as the corresponding linear dynamic detection range of 10−10–10−6 mol/L. Additionally, the signal reproducibility offered by the SERS substrate could realize the reliable determination of trace nicotine in saliva

Nonlinear optical microscopy: use of second harmonic generation and two-photon microscopy for automated quantitative liver fibrosis studies

Liver fibrosis is associated with an abnormal increase in an extracellular matrix in chronic liver diseases. Quantitative characterization of fibrillar collagen in intact tissue is essential for both fibrosis studies and clinical applications. Commonly used methods, histological staining followed by either semiquantitative or computerized image analysis, have limited sensitivity, accuracy, and operator-dependent variations. The fibrillar collagen in sinusoids of normal livers could be observed through second-harmonic generation (SHG) microscopy. The two-photon excited fluorescence (TPEF) images, recorded simultaneously with SHG, clearly revealed the hepatocyte morphology. We have systematically optimized the parameters for the quantitative SHG/TPEF imaging of liver tissue and developed fully automated image analysis algorithms to extract the information of collagen changes and cell necrosis. Subtle changes in the distribution and amount of collagen and cell morphology are quantitatively characterized in SHG/TPEF images. By comparing to traditional staining, such as Masson’s trichrome and Sirius red, SHG/TPEF is a sensitive quantitative tool for automated collagen characterization in liver tissue. Our system allows for enhanced detection and quantification of sinusoidal collagen fibers in fibrosis research and clinical diagnostics.Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (Singapore)Singapore. Biomedical Research Council (Grant No. R185-001-045-305)Singapore. Agency for Science, Technology and ResearchSingapore. Ministry of Education (Grant No. R-185- 000-135-112)Singapore. National Medical Research Council (Grant No. R-185-000-099- 213)Singapore-MIT Alliance Computational and Systems Biology Flagship ProjectExxon Mobil Corporation (ExxonMobil–NUS Clinician Fellowship Award

Internal Calibration Potentiometric Aptasensors for Simultaneous Detection of Hg²⁺, Cd²⁺, and As³⁺ Based on a Screen-Printed Carbon Electrodes Array

An all-solid-state potentiometric aptasensor array based on a multichannel disposable screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE) was demonstrated for the simultaneous detection of Hg²⁺, Cd²⁺, and As³⁺ by open circuit potential (OCP) technology. The potential of the channel with an internal calibration DNA sequence (IC-DNA) was employed as the internal calibration potential (ICP) to subtract the background signal generated by the detection system, providing a built-in correction methodology. As a result, the developed aptasensor array showed high sensitivity and accuracy for detecting Hg²⁺, Cd²⁺, and As³⁺ without mutual interference or interference from other ions. The linear response ranged from 2.5 pM to 2.5 μM, and the detection limits for Hg²⁺, Cd²⁺, and As³⁺ were 2.0, 0.62, and 0.17 pM, respectively. Furthermore, the potentiometric aptasensor array was successfully applied for the simultaneous detection of three ions in real samples. The results obtained from the developed approach agreed well with the results obtained from inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry

Additional file 3 of Multiple network algorithm for epigenetic modules via the integration of genome-wide DNA methylation and gene expression data

Supplementary Figure S3. Breast cancer subtype prediction: (A) accuracy of compared algorithms using a 3-fold cross validation, (B) accuracy of compared algorithms using a 10-fold cross validation, and (C) feature importance of positively and negatively correlated modules in classifying the breast cancer subtypes. (EPS 839 kb

Musashi-2 potentiates colorectal cancer immune infiltration by regulating the post-translational modifications of HMGB1 to promote DCs maturation and migration

Abstract Post-translational modifications (PTMs) of the non-histone protein high-mobility group protein B1 (HMGB1) are involved in modulating inflammation and immune responses. Recent studies have implicated that the RNA-binding protein (RBP) Musashi-2 (MSI2) regulates multiple critical biological metabolic and immunoregulatory functions. However, the precise role of MSI2 in regulating PTMs and tumor immunity in colorectal cancer (CRC) remains unclear. Here, we present data indicating that MSI2 potentiates CRC immunopathology in colitis-associated colon cancer (CAC) mouse models, cell lines and clinical specimens, specifically via HMGB1-mediated dendritic cell (DC) maturation and migration, further contributes to the infiltration of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and inflammatory responses. Under stress conditions, MSI2 can exacerbate the production, nucleocytoplasmic transport and extracellular release of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs)-HMGB1 in CRC cells. Mechanistically, MSI2 mainly enhances the disulfide HMGB1 production and protein translation via direct binding to nucleotides 1403–1409 in the HMGB1 3′ UTR, and interacts with the cytoplasmic acetyltransferase P300 to upregulate its expression, further promoting the acetylation of K29 residue in HMGB1, thus leading to K29-HMGB1 nucleocytoplasmic translocation and extracellular release. Furthermore, blocking HMGB1 activity with glycyrrhizic acid (Gly) attenuates MSI2-mediated immunopathology and immune infiltration in CRC in vitro and in vivo. Collectively, this study suggests that MSI2 may improve the prognosis of CRC patients by reprogramming the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) through HMGB1-mediated PTMs, which might be a novel therapeutic option for CRC immunotherapy