Os conteúdos escolares das disciplinas de história e ciências e suas relações com a organização curricular da Educação Física na escola Contenidos de los cursos de historia y de la ciencia y sus relaciones con la organización del currículo de educación física en la escuela Contents of history and science disciplines and their relation to the organization of physical education curriculum in school

O propósito desse estudo foi investigaras relações entre os conteúdos das disciplinas de História e Ciências com a Educação Física. Assim, buscou-se apontar princípios para a organização dos conteúdos conforme os ciclos escolares do 6º ao 9º ano, garantindo sua integração com o projeto político pedagógico. Os resultados mostraram que os livros das demais disciplinas auxiliam a sistematização dos conteúdos da Educação Física na escola e que é fundamental o professor participar da elaboração do projeto político pedagógico e dos projetos de ensino, além de conhecer os livros didáticos adotados pela escola. Da mesma forma, é importante que se esclareça aos demais professores o corpo de conhecimentos específicos da Educação Física e qual seu papel nos projetos escolares, possibilitando a reflexão sobre como organizar os conteúdos e sobre como aproveitar as informações deste trabalho.<br>El propósito de este estudio fue investigar la relación entre el contenido de las disciplinas de Historia y Ciencias con de la Educación Física. Por lo tanto, hemos tratado de señalar principios para la organización de contenidos como los ciclos escolares a partir del 6 º al 9 º grado, lo que asegura su integración con el proyecto político pedagógico. Los resultados mostraron que los libros de otras disciplinas ayudan a sistematizar los contenidos de la educación física en la escuela y el maestro es crucial que participen en el desarrollo de los proyectos de enseñanza políticos y pedagógicos, además de conocer los libros de texto aprobados por la escuela. Asimismo, es importante aclarar a otros profesores del cuerpo específico de conocimiento de la educación física y su papel en proyectos de la escuela, lo que permite la reflexión sobre la forma de organizar el contenido y la información sobre la manera de hacer este trabajo.<br>The purpose of this study was to investigate the relations between the contents of History and Science and Physical Education (PE) at school. Therefore, an effort was made to set principles to establish the sequence of contents for the 6t h to 9t h grades, and at the same time assuring the integration of PE to the school's political pedagogical proposal. The results demonstrate that those documents present a set of knowledge that offers possibilities to systematize the PE contents at school and show that the participation of PE teachers and their knowledge about books adopted is essential to build the political pedagogical proposal. Moreover, teachers from other disciplines should be aware of Physical Education specific knowledge and its value to school projects. This approach could lead to reflections on how to organize the contents while taking advantage of this work

Telomerase activity in gestational trophoblastic disease.

AIMS: To investigate the pattern of telomerase activity in hydatidiform mole as compared with normal placenta and choriocarcinoma, and to determine the prognostic significance of telomerase activity in hydatidiform mole. METHODS: Telomerase activity in 35 cases of hydatidiform mole, 35 normal placentas, one choriocarcinoma sample, and two choriocarcinoma cell lines (JAR, JEG3) was determined using the sensitive polymerase chain reaction based telomeric repeat amplification protocol (TRAP) assay. Two cases of breast carcinoma and two cases of ovarian carcinoma were also included as positive controls in the telomerase assay. RESULTS: Telomerase activity was detected in 11 of 30 early placentas (36.7%), one of five term placentas (20%), five of 27 hydatidiform moles which regressed spontaneously (18.5%), and six of eight hydatidiform moles which developed persistent trophoblastic disease (75%) (including three which developed metastases). Hydatidiform moles which subsequently developed persistent disease, especially those which metastasised, were more likely to express telomerase activity (p < 0.01). However, there was no significant difference in the frequency of telomerase activity between early placentas and hydatidiform mole. Strong telomerase activity was observed in choriocarcinoma tissue, choriocarcinoma cell lines, and ovarian and breast carcinomas. CONCLUSIONS: Telomerase activation occurs in hydatidiform mole with a similar incidence to early normal placentas. This supports the concept that hydatidiform mole is essentially an abnormal conceptus. There is an association between telomerase activation and the development of persistent trophoblastic disease. Further study is warrant to confirm the prognostic significance of telomerase activity in hydatidiform mole