Dissociação e transtornos dissociativos: modelos teóricos Dissociation and dissociative disorders: theoretical models

A compreensão da experiência dissociativa e das origens dos transtornos dissociativos é difícil devido à complexidade da questão. As contradições da classificação são decorrentes das dificuldades de se construir uma teoria da mente abrangente que unifique neurobiologia e psicodinâmica. Os autores discutem as bases conceituais da dissociação com ênfase na integração entre neurobiologia e fenomenologia. O papel do aprendizado é amplamente discutido, assim como as teorias atuais de neodissociação, trauma e sociocognitivismo para os transtornos dissociativos.<br>It is challenging to understand the dissociative experiences and the origins of dissociative disorders. Contradictions of classification are due to the intrinsic difficulties to build up a theory of the mind that unifies neurobiology and psychodynamics. The authors discuss the conceptual basis of dissociation, with emphasis on the integration of neurobiology and phenomenology. The role of learning is discussed as well as the neodissociative, trauma, and sociocognitive theories for dissociative disorders

A Multiscale and Multidisciplinary Investigation of Ecosystem- Atmosphere CO2 Exchange over the Rocky Mountains of Colorado

A significant fraction of Earth consists of mountainous terrain. However, the question of how to monitor the surface–atmosphere carbon exchange over complex terrain has not been fully explored. This article reports on studies by a team of investigators from U.S. universities and research institutes who carried out a multiscale and multidisciplinary field and modeling investigation of the CO2 exchange between ecosystems and the atmosphere and of CO2 transport over complex mountainous terrain in the Rocky Mountain region of Colorado. The goals of the field campaign, which included ground and airborne in situ and remote-sensing measurements, were to characterize unique features of the local CO2 exchange and to find effective methods to measure regional ecosystem–atmosphere CO2 exchange over complex terrain. The modeling effort included atmospheric and ecological numerical modeling and data assimilation to investigate regional CO2 transport and biological processes involved in ecosystem-atmosphere carbon exchange. In this report, we document our approaches, demonstrate some preliminary results, and discuss principal patterns and conclusions concerning ecosystem-atmosphere carbon exchange over complex terrain and its relation to past studies that have considered these processes over much simpler terrain

A Novel Immunofluorescent Computed Tomography (ICT) Method to Localise and Quantify Multiple Antigens in Large Tissue Volumes at High Resolution

<div><p>Current immunofluorescence protocols are limited as they do not provide reliable antibody staining within large tissue volumes (mm³) and cannot localise and quantify multiple antigens or cell populations in the same tissue at high resolution. To address this limitation, we have developed an approach to three-dimensionally visualise large tissue volumes (mm³) at high resolution (<1 µm) and with multiple antigen labelling, for volumetric and quantitative analysis. This is made possible through computer reconstruction of serial sectioned and sequentially immunostained butyl-methyl methacrylate (BMMA) embedded tissue. Using this novel immunofluorescent computed tomography (ICT) approach, we have three-dimensionally reconstructed part of the murine lower eyelid that contains the meibomian gland and localised cell nuclei (DAPI), Ki67 and cytokeratin 1 (CK1), as well as performing non-linear optical (NLO) microscopy imaging of collagen, to assess cell density, cell proliferation, gland keratinisation and gland volume respectively. Antigenicity was maintained after four iterative stains on the same tissue, suggesting that there is no defined limit to the number of antigens that can be immunostained for reconstruction, as long as the sections remain intact and the previous antibody has been successfully eluted. BMMA resin embedding also preserved fluorescence of transgenic proteins. We propose that ICT may provide valuable high resolution, three-dimensional biological maps of multiple biomolecules within a single tissue or organ to better characterise and quantify tissue structure and function.</p> </div

Electron affinity of liquid water

The electron affinity of liquid water is a fundamental property which has not yet been accurately measured. Here, the authors predict this property by coupling path-integral molecular dynamics with ab initio potentials and electronic structure calculations, revisiting several estimates used in the literature