PHENOLOGY, MOVEMENT, AND WITHIN-FIELD DISTRIBUTION OF THE GRAPE BERRY MOTH, ENDOPIZA VITEANA (CLEMENS) (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE), IN NEW YORK VINEYARDS

From 1976 to 1986, the average date of first male pheromone trap catch of grape berry moth was 20 May with an average degree-day (DD) accumulation (base 10 °C) of 150.1 (SE = 13.2). Fifty percent cumulative trap catch of the first generation of males averaged 334.1 (SE = 7.8) DD with an average date of 11 June. Degree-day accumulation was a more accurate method for predicting peak male trap catch than predictions based upon vine phenology and calendar date. Within-field distribution and levels of berry moth infestation were markedly affected by the surrounding habitat. Wooded edges or hedgerows were closely associated with an increase in the level of damage along vineyard borders and higher levels of overall infestation when compared with vineyards without wooded edges. Egg and larval infestation levels in wild hosts (Vitis spp.) were greater than those within adjacent commercial vineyards. Early in the season, male berry moth were trapped in high numbers in wooded areas adjacent to vineyards. After mid-July, males were trapped predominantly within vineyards and few were trapped in wooded edges. Movement of adults from wooded areas into vineyards is not suggested by observed patterns of female oviposition. Females oviposited primarily on wild hosts within the wooded areas and within the adjoining vineyard edges throughout the seaso

Grape Rootworm

NYS IPM Type: Fruits IPM Fact SheetThe grape rootworm (abbreviated GR) is a native species of leaf beetle that occurs from the Atlantic Seaboard states to North Dakota, Nebraska, Kansas, and Texas. The wild hosts of this pest are grapes (Vitis spp.), Virginia creeper (Parthenocissus quinquefolia), and redbud (Cercis canadensis). Feeding by GR larvae (grubs) on the root system of vines can seriously damage commercial vineyards

Overview of the Alaskan Layered Pollution and Chemical Analysis (ALPACA) Field Experiment

The Alaskan Layered Pollution And Chemical Analysis (ALPACA) field experiment was a collaborative study designed to improve understanding of pollution sources and chemical processes during winter (cold climate and low-photochemical activity), to investigate indoor pollution, and to study dispersion of pollution as affected by frequent temperature inversions. A number of the research goals were motivated by questions raised by residents of Fairbanks, Alaska, where the study was held. This paper describes the measurement strategies and the conditions encountered during the January and February 2022 field experiment, and reports early examples of how the measurements addressed research goals, particularly those of interest to the residents. Outdoor air measurements showed high concentrations of particulate matter and pollutant gases including volatile organic carbon species. During pollution events, low winds and extremely stable atmospheric conditions trapped pollution below 73 m, an extremely shallow vertical scale. Tethered-balloon-based measurements intercepted plumes aloft, which were associated with power plant point sources through transport modeling. Because cold climate residents spend much of their time indoors, the study included an indoor air quality component, where measurements were made inside and outside a house to study infiltration and indoor sources. In the absence of indoor activities such as cooking and/or heating with a pellet stove, indoor particulate matter concentrations were lower than outdoors; however, cooking and pellet stove burns often caused higher indoor particulate matter concentrations than outdoors. The mass-normalized particulate matter oxidative potential, a health-relevant property measured here by the reactivity with dithiothreiol, of indoor particles varied by source, with cooking particles having less oxidative potential per mass than pellet stove particles

Grape Tumid Gallmaker

NYS IPM Type: Fruits IPM Fact SheetGrape tumid galls, also called grape tomato galls, are caused by larvae of a small fly known as the grape tumid gallmaker (GTG). This pest is native to the northeastern United States and southeastern Canada. It infests only wild and cultivated grapes (Vitis spp.). Infestations are generally spotty both within vineyards and within infested vines. In the past, tumid galls were attributed to as many as five species of flies, but it is now thought that the single species Janetiefla brevicauda accounts for almost all of the damage seen in northeastern vineyards

An tumoideachas déanach: bac nó buntáiste?

Is tréimhse shuntasach í an t-aistriú ón mbunscoil go dtí an iar-bhunscoil i saol an fhoghlaimeora. Déantar cur síos ar an tréimhse fhorbarthach seo mar chlaochlú cognaíoch, síceasóisialta agus mothúchánach (Hanewald, 2013; Hines, 2007). Is beag atá fiosraithe ar an ábhar seo i gcomhthéacs na hÉireann, go háirithe ó tharla leasú curaclaim ag an dá leibhéal, agus tá níos lú fós le sonrú i gcomhthéacs an tumoideachais dhéanaigh lán-Ghaeilge. Is iad foghlaimeoirí an tumoideachais dhéanaigh iad siúd a aistríonn ó bhunscoil lán-Bhéarla go hiar-bhunscoil lán-Ghaeilge, nó foghlaimeoirí a dhéanann staidéar ar an nGaeilge mar ábhar riachtanach amháin mar chuid den churaclam bunscoile (Ó Muircheartaigh & Hickey, 2008). Aithnítear cúig dhroichead aistrithe idir an bhunscoil agus an iar-bhunscoil sa litríocht idirnáisiúnta a fheidhmíonn mar chreat teoiriciúil don aistriú rathúil (Galton et al., 1999): an droichead riaracháin, an droichead sóisialta agus mothúchánach, an droichead curaclaim, an droichead oideolaíoch agus an droichead neamhpleáchais foghlama. Tá sé mar aidhm ag an bpáipéar seo iniúchadh a dhéanamh ar chúinse sa bhreis don aistriú rathúil i gcomhthéacs an tumoideachais dhéanaigh – teanga an teagaisc. Ar dtús, tabharfar sainmhíniú ar an tumoideachas agus ar an tumoideachas déanach, mar aon leis an aistriú i gcomhthéacs an tumoideachais dhéanaigh. Déanfar scagadh criticiúil ar litríocht ábhartha agus tabharfar spléachadh ar phríomhghnéithe an tumoideachais dhéanaigh. Fiosrófar na himpleachtaí forbartha ó pheirspictíochtaí éagsúla d’fhoghlaimeoirí an tumoideachais dhéanaigh agus bearna inniúlachta teanga le sárú acu. Mar chonclúid, féachfar ar na dúshláin agus na deiseanna roimh phobal an tumoideachais dhéanaigh, idir fhoghlaimeoirí, thuismitheoirí/chaomhnóirí, mhúinteoirí agus cheannairí scoile, agus an Ghaeilge mar theanga an teagaisc, na cumarsáide agus an tsóisialaithe

Analyzing haplodiploid inheritance of insecticide resistance in whitefly biotypes

We developed new methods for analyzing inheritance of insecticide resistance in haplocliploid arthropods and applied them to elucidate resistance of the whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) to an insect growth regulator, pyriproxyfen. Two invasive biotypes of this devastating crop pest, the B biotype in Arizona and the Q biotype in Israel, have evolved resistance to pyriproxyfen. Here, we incorporated data from laboratory bioassays and crossing procedures exploiting haplodiploidy into statistical and analytical models to estimate the number of loci affecting pyriproxyfen resistance in strains of both biotypes. In tests with models of one to ten loci, the best fit between expected and observed mortality occurred with a two-locus model for the B biotype strain (QC-02) and for one- and two-locus models for the Q biotype strain (Pyri-R). The estimated minimum number of loci affecting resistance was 1.6 for the B biotype strain and 1.0 for the Q biotype strain. The methods used here can be applied to insecticide resistance and other traits in haplocliploid arthropods.Peer reviewe