105,505 research outputs found
Phenomenological Analysis of and Elastic Scattering Data in the Impact Parameter Space
We use an almost model-independent analytical parameterization for and
elastic scattering data to analyze the eikonal, profile, and
inelastic overlap functions in the impact parameter space. Error propagation in
the fit parameters allows estimations of uncertainty regions, improving the
geometrical description of the hadron-hadron interaction. Several predictions
are shown and, in particular, the prediction for inelastic overlap
function at TeV shows the saturation of the Froissart-Martin
bound at LHC energies.Comment: 15 pages, 16 figure
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Studies on Temperature and Strain Sensitivities of a Few-mode Critical Wavelength Fiber Optic Sensor
This paper studied the relationship between the temperature/strain wavelength sensitivity of a fiber optic in-line Mach-Zehnder Interferometer (MZI) sensor and the wavelength separation of the measured wavelength to the critical wavelength (CWL) in a CWL-existed interference spectrum formed by interference between LP01 and LP02 modes. The in-line MZI fiber optic sensor has been constructed by splicing a section of specially designed few-mode fiber (FMF), which support LP01 and LP02 modes propagating in the fiber, between two pieces of single mode fiber. The propagation constant difference, Δβ, between the LP01 and LP02 modes, changes non-monotonously with wavelength and reaches a maximum at the CWL. As a result, in sensor operation, peaks on the different sides of the CWL then shift in opposite directions, and the associated temperature/strain sensitivities increase significantly when the measured wavelength points become close to the CWL, from both sides of the CWL. A theoretical analysis carried out has predicted that with this specified FMF sensor approach, the temperature/strain wavelength sensitivities are governed by the wavelength difference between the measured wavelength and the CWL. This conclusion was seen to agree well with the experimental results obtained. Combining the wavelength shifts of the peaks and the CWL in the transmission spectrum of the SFS structure, this study has shown that this approach forms the basis of effective designs of high sensitivity sensors for multi-parameter detection and offering a large measurement range to satisfy the requirements needed for better industrial measurements
Alternative approach to all-angle negative refraction in two-dimensional photonic crystals
We show that with an appropriate surface modification, a slab of photonic
crystal can be made to allow wave transmission within the band gap.
Furthermore, negative refraction and all-angle-negative-refraction (AANR) can
be achieved by this surface modification in frequency windows that were not
realized before in two-dimensional photonic crystals [C. Luo et al, Phys. Rev.
B 65, 201104 (2002)]. This approach to AANR leads to new applications in flat
lens imaging. Previous flat lens using photonic crystals requires object-image
distance u+v less than or equal to the lens thickness d, u+v d. Our approach
can be used to design flat lens with u+v=sd with s>>1, thus being able to image
large and/or far away objects. Our results are confirmed by FDTD simulations.Comment: 5 pages, 9 eps figs in RevTex forma
The Generalized Crewther Relation in QCD and its Experimental Consequences
We use the BLM scale-fixing prescription to derive a renormalization-scheme
invariant relation between the coefficient function for the Bjorken sum rule
for polarized deep inelastic scattering and the -ratio for the
annihilation cross section. This relation provides a generalization of the
Crewther relation to non-conformally invariant gauge theories. The derived
relations allow one to calculate unambiguously without renormalization scale or
scheme ambiguity the effective charges of the polarized Bjorken and the
Gross-Llewellen Smith sum rules from the experimental value for the effective
charge associated with -ratio. Present data are consistent with the
generalized Crewther relations, but measurements at higher precision and
energies will be needed to decisively test these fundamental relations in QCD.Comment: 16 pages, LATEX fil
Generalization of Gutzwiller Approximation
We derive expressions required in generalizing the Gutzwiller approximation
to models comprising arbitrarily degenerate localized orbitals.Comment: 6 pages, 1 figure, to appear in J.Phys.Soc.Jpn. vol.6
Resummation and Shower Studies
The transverse momentum spectra of the Z and Higgs bosons are studied, as
probes of the consequences of multiple parton emissions in hadronic events.
Emphasis is put on constraints, present in showers, that go beyond conventional
leading log. It is shown that, if such constraints are relaxed, better
agreement can be obtained with experimental data and with resummation
descriptions.Comment: 6 pages, LaTeX, 3 eps figures, submitted to the proceedings of the
Workshop on Physics at TeV Colliders, Les Houches, France, 26 May -- 6 June
200
Enrollment in YFV Vaccine Trial: An Evaluation of Recruitment Outcomes Associated with a Randomized Controlled Double-Blind Trial of a Live Attenuated Yellow Fever Vaccine
This investigation evaluated several factors associated with diverse participant enrollment of a clinical trial assessing safety, immunogenicity, and comparative viremia associated with administration of 17-D live, attenuated yellow fever vaccine given alone or in combination with human immune globulin. We obtained baseline participant information (e.g., sociodemographic, medical) and followed recruitment outcomes from 2005 to 2007. Of 355 potential Yellow Fever vaccine study participants, 231 cases were analyzed. Strong interest in study participation was observed among racial and ethnically diverse persons with 36.34% eligible following initial study screening, resulting in 18.75% enrollment. The percentage of white participants increased from 63.66% (prescreened sample) to 81.25% (enrollment group). The regression model was significant with white race as a predictor of enrollment (OR=2.744, 95% CI=1.415-5.320, p=0.003).In addition, persons were more likely to enroll via direct outreach and referral mechanisms compared to mass advertising (OR=2.433, 95% CI=1.102-5.369). The findings indicate that racially diverse populations can be recruited to vaccine clinical trials, yet actual enrollment may not reflect that diversit
Development of a numerical solution to the time dependent kinetic equation
A numerical solution was developed for the time dependent Fokker-Planck equation for arbitrary distributions of electrons injected into a magnetized plasma. The code which includes energy loss and pitch angle scattering due to Coulomb collisions and changes in pitch angle due to inhomogeneous magnetic fields was calibrated and tested. The numerical method is versatile so that other scattering or radiation terms can be easily included. Using this code many processes associated with the impulsive phase of solar flares will be investigated
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