31,735 research outputs found
Structural model optimization using statistical evaluation
The results of research in applying statistical methods to the problem of structural dynamic system identification are presented. The study is in three parts: a review of previous approaches by other researchers, a development of various linear estimators which might find application, and the design and development of a computer program which uses a Bayesian estimator. The method is tried on two models and is successful where the predicted stiffness matrix is a proper model, e.g., a bending beam is represented by a bending model. Difficulties are encountered when the model concept varies. There is also evidence that nonlinearity must be handled properly to speed the convergence
On extra forces from large extra dimensions
The motion of a classical test particle moving on a 4-dimensional brane
embedded in an -dimensional bulk is studied in which the brane is allowed to
fluctuate along the extra dimensions. It is shown that these fluctuations
produce three different forces acting on the particle, all stemming from the
effects of extra dimensions. Interpretations are then offered to describe the
origin of these forces and a relationship between the 4 and -dimensional
mass of the particle is obtained by introducing charges associated with large
extra dimensions.Comment: 9 pages, no figuer
Correlation between magnetism and spin-dependent transport in CoFeB alloys
We report a correlation between the spin polarization of the tunneling
electrons (TSP) and the magnetic moment of amorphous CoFeB alloys. Such a
correlation is surprising since the TSP involves s-like electrons close to the
Fermi level (EF), while the magnetic moment mainly arises due to all
d-electrons below EF. We show that probing the s and d-bands individually
provides clear and crucial evidence for such a correlation to exist through s-d
hybridization, and demonstrate the tuneability of the electronic and magnetic
properties of CoFeB alloys.Comment: Accepted for publication in Physical Review Letters. Letter (4 pages)
and Supplementary material (4 pages
Weak multiplicativity for random quantum channels
It is known that random quantum channels exhibit significant violations of
multiplicativity of maximum output p-norms for any p>1. In this work, we show
that a weaker variant of multiplicativity nevertheless holds for these
channels. For any constant p>1, given a random quantum channel N (i.e. a
channel whose Stinespring representation corresponds to a random subspace S),
we show that with high probability the maximum output p-norm of n copies of N
decays exponentially with n. The proof is based on relaxing the maximum output
infinity-norm of N to the operator norm of the partial transpose of the
projector onto S, then calculating upper bounds on this quantity using ideas
from random matrix theory.Comment: 21 pages; v2: corrections and additional remark
Anomaly matching for the QCD string
A criterion to be satisfied by a string theory of QCD is formulated in the
ultraviolet regime. It arises from the trace anomaly of the QCD stress tensor
computed using instantons. It is sensitive to asymptotic freedom. It appears to
be related to the trace anomaly of the QCD string. Our current understanding of
noncritical strings in physical dimensions is limited, but remarkably, a formal
treatment of the bosonic string yields numerical agreement both in magnitude
and sign for the gauge group SU(2).Comment: Latex file, 8 pages, COLO-HEP/313, AZPH-TH/93-1
Regge phenomenology of pion photoproduction off the nucleon at forward angles
We present a Regge model for pion photoproduction which is basically free of
parameters within the framework of the s-channel helicity amplitude. We use
coupling constants of all exchanged mesons determined from empirical decay
widths or from the SU(3) relations together with consistency check with
existing estimates that are widely accepted in other reaction processes. Cross
sections and spin polarization asymmetries at various photon energies are
analyzed and results are obtained in better agreement with experimental data
without referring to any fitting procedure.Comment: 19 pages, 20 figures, two column, revtex
Linear Confinement and AdS/QCD
In a theory with linear confinement, such as QCD, the masses squared m^2 of
mesons with high spin S or high radial excitation number n are expected, from
semiclassical arguments, to grow linearly with S and n. We show that this
behavior can be reproduced within a putative 5-dimensional theory
holographically dual to QCD (AdS/QCD). With the assumption that such a dual
theory exists and describes highly excited mesons as well, we show that
asymptotically linear m^2 spectrum translates into a strong constraint on the
INFRARED behavior of that theory. In the simplest model which obeys such a
constraint we find m^2 ~ (n+S).Comment: 14 pages, 1 figur
Fully-Unintegrated Parton Distribution and Fragmentation Functions at Perturbative k_T
We define and study the properties of generalized beam functions (BFs) and
fragmenting jet functions (FJFs), which are fully-unintegrated parton
distribution functions (PDFs) and fragmentation functions (FFs) for
perturbative k_T. We calculate at one loop the coefficients for matching them
onto standard PDFs and FFs, correcting previous results for the BFs in the
literature. Technical subtleties when measuring transverse momentum in
dimensional regularization are clarified, and this enables us to renormalize in
momentum space. Generalized BFs describe the distribution in the full
four-momentum k_mu of a colliding parton taken out of an initial-state hadron,
and therefore characterize the collinear initial-state radiation. We illustrate
their importance through a factorization theorem for pp -> l^+ l^- + 0 jets,
where the transverse momentum of the lepton pair is measured. Generalized FJFs
are relevant for the analysis of semi-inclusive processes where the full
momentum of a hadron, fragmenting from a jet with constrained invariant mass,
is measured. Their significance is shown for the example of e^+ e^- -> dijet+h,
where the perpendicular momentum of the fragmenting hadron with respect to the
thrust axis is measured.Comment: Journal versio
Optimisation of variables for studying dilepton transverse momentum distributions at hadron colliders
In future measurements of the dilepton () transverse momentum,
\Qt, at both the Tevatron and LHC, the achievable bin widths and the ultimate
precision of the measurements will be limited by experimental resolution rather
than by the available event statistics. In a recent paper the variable \at,
which corresponds to the component of \Qt\ that is transverse to the dilepton
thrust axis, has been studied in this regard. In the region, \Qt\ 30 GeV,
\at\ has been shown to be less susceptible to experimental resolution and
efficiency effects than the \Qt. Extending over all \Qt, we now demonstrate
that dividing \at\ (or \Qt) by the measured dilepton invariant mass further
improves the resolution. In addition, we propose a new variable, \phistarEta,
that is determined exclusively from the measured lepton directions; this is
even more precisely determined experimentally than the above variables and is
similarly sensitive to the \Qt. The greater precision achievable using such
variables will enable more stringent tests of QCD and tighter constraints on
Monte Carlo event generator tunes.Comment: 8 pages, 5 figures, 2 table
- …