13,989 research outputs found
Low-dimensional long-range topological structure in the QCD vacuum
Lattice topological charge associated with Ginsparg-Wilson fermions exhibits
generic topological stability over quantum ensemble of configurations
contributing to the QCD path integral. Moreover, the underlying chiral symmetry
leads to the suppression of ultraviolet noise in the associated topological
charge densities ("chiral smoothing"). This provides a solid foundation for the
direct study of the role of topological charge fluctuations in the physics of
QCD vacuum. Using these tools it was recently demonstrated that: (a) there is a
well-defined space-time structure (order) in topological charge density
(defined through overlap fermions) for typical configurations contributing to
QCD path integral; (b) this fundamental structure is low-dimensional,
exhibiting sign-coherent behavior on subsets of dimension less than four and
not less than one; (c) the structure has a long-range global character
(spreading over maximal space-time distances) and is built around the locally
one-dimensional network of strong fields (skeleton). In this talk we elaborate
on certain aspects and implications of these results.Comment: 3 pages, 1 figure; Lattice2003(topology
Probing the topological structure of the QCD vacuum with overlap fermions
Overlap fermions implement exact chiral symmetry on the lattice and are thus
an appropriate tool for investigating the chiral and topological structure of
the QCD vacuum. We study various chiral and topological aspects on
Luescher-Weisz-type quenched gauge field configurations using overlap fermions
as a probe. Particular emphasis is placed upon the analysis of the spectral
density and the localisation properties of the eigenmodes as well as on the
local structure of topological charge fluctuations.Comment: 8 pages, 6 figures, talk given at the Workshop on Computational
Hadron Physics, Nicosia, Cyprus, September 14-17, 2005; v2: Fig.6 corrected,
statistics in Fig. 4-6 increased, minor text change
Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) data evaluation for use in monitoring vegetation. Volume 1: Channels 1 and 2
Data from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration satellite system (NOAA-6 satellite) were analyzed to study their nonmeteorological uses. A file of charts, graphs, and tables was created form the products generated. It was found that the most useful data lie between pixel numbers 400 and 2000 on a given scan line. The analysis of the generated products indicates that the Gray-McCrary Index can discern vegetation and associated daily and seasonal changes. The solar zenith-angle correction used in previous studies was found to be a useful adjustment to the index. The METSAT system seems best suited for providing large-area analyses of surface features on a daily basis
Multiphoton Coincidence Spectroscopy
We extend the analysis of photon coincidence spectroscopy beyond bichromatic
excitation and two-photon coincidence detection to include multichromatic
excitation and multiphoton coincidence detection. Trichromatic excitation and
three-photon coincidence spectroscopy are studied in detail, and we identify an
observable signature of a triple resonance in an atom-cavity system.Comment: 6 page, REVTeXs, 6 Postscript figures. The abstract appeared in the
Proceedings of ACOLS9
Pion Decay Constant, and Chiral Log from Overlap Fermions
We report our calculation of the pion decay constant , the axial
renormalization constant , and the quenched chiral logarithms from the
overlap fermions. The calculation is done on a quenched lattice at
fm using tree level tadpole improved gauge action. The smallest pion
mass we reach is about 280 MeV. The lattice size is about 4 times the Compton
wavelength of the lowest mass pion.Comment: Lattice2001(Hadronic Matrix Elements), 3pages, 5figure
Coherent Topological Charge Structure in Models and QCD
In an effort to clarify the significance of the recent observation of
long-range topological charge coherence in QCD gauge configurations, we study
the local topological charge distributions in two-dimensional sigma
models, using the overlap Dirac operator to construct the lattice topological
charge. We find long-range sign coherence of topological charge along extended
one-dimensional structures in two-dimensional spacetime. We discuss the
connection between the long range topological structure found in and
the observed sign coherence along three-dimensional sheets in four-dimensional
QCD gauge configurations. In both cases, coherent regions of topological charge
form along membrane-like surfaces of codimension one. We show that the Monte
Carlo results, for both two-dimensional and four-dimensional gauge theory,
support a view of topological charge fluctuations suggested by Luscher and
Witten. In this framework, the observed membranes are associated with
boundaries between ``k-vacua,'' characterized by an effective local value of
which jumps by across the boundary.Comment: 26 page
Extension of Tycho catalog for low-extinction windows in the galactic bulge
We present in this work secondary catalogs up to based on
the Tycho reference frame (ESA, 1997) for 12 selected low-extinction fields
towards the galactic bulge. The observations have been performed with the
Askania-Zeiss Meridian Circle equiped with a CCD camera, located at the
Abrah\~ao de Moraes Observatory (Valinhos, Brazil) and operated by the
Institute of Astronomy and Geophysics, S\~ao Paulo University. The presented
catalog, though not complete, has been designed to help in intensive search
programmes (e.g. microlensing and variable searches) and therefore the selected
standards have a high astrometric and photometric ( band, approximately)
quality. The mean precisions obtained were in , 0.013'' in
, 0.030 for the standard deviation in magnitude and 0.0042 for the
magnitude when weighted with the error bars in each night (in the mean, 42
stars for the catalog of each window). Tables B.1 to B.12 are also available in
eletronic form at the CDS via anonymous ftp to cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr
(130.79.128.5) or via http://cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/Abstract.html.Comment: 16 pages, 6 figures, A&A Latex style. Published in A&A
Stellar variability in low-extinction regions towards the Galactic Bulge
Intensive monitoring of low-extinction windows towards the galactic bulge has
provided in the last years valuable information for studies about the dynamics,
kinematics and formation history of this part of the galaxy, mainly by
characterizing the bulge stellar populations (Paczy\'nski, 1996). Since 1997,
we have been conducting an intensive photometric-astrometric survey of the
galactic bulge, with the monitoring of about 120000 stars in 12 windows
uniformly distributed in galactic latitude and longitude (Blanco & Terndrup,
1989 e Blanco, 1988) never before submitted to this kind of survey. For this
purpose, we have used the IAG/USP CCD Meridian Circle of the Abrah\~ao de
Moraes Observatory. The main objective of this work is the identification and
classification of variable objects. In this work we present the set up and
development of the necessary tools for a project like this and the posterior
analysis of our data. We briefly describe the construction of a program to
organize and detect variables among the observed stars, including real time
alerts (for variations greater than 0.3 magnitudes). The preliminary analysis
after the processing of 76 nights of observation yielded 479 variable stars,
from which 96.7 % of them are new. We discuss the preliminary classification of
this variables, based on: a) the observed amplitude of variation; b) the shape
of light curve; c) the expected variable classes among our data and d) the
calculated periods, whenever possible. Finally, we discuss the future
perspectives for the project and for the applications and analysis of the
discovered variable stars.Comment: 10 pages, 14 figures. Accepted by A&A
Influence of an Internal Magnetar on Supernova Remnant Expansion
Most of the proposed associations between magnetars and supernova remnant
suffer from age problems. Usually, supernova remnants ages are determined from
an approximation of the Sedov-Taylor phase relation between radius and age, for
a fixed energy of the explosion ~ 10^{51} erg. Those ages do not generally
agree with the characteristic ages of the (proposed) associated magnetars. We
show quantitatively that, by taking into account the energy injected on the
supernova remnant by magnetar spin-down, a faster expansion results, improving
matches between characteristic ages and supernova remnants ages. However, the
magnetar velocities inferred from observations would inviabilize some
associations. Since characteristic ages may not be good age estimators, their
influence on the likelihood of the association may not be as important.
In this work we present simple numerical simulations of supernova remnants
expansion with internal magnetars, and apply it to the observed objects. A
short initial spin period, thought to be important for the very generation of
the magnetic field, is also relevant for the modified expansion of the remnant.
We next analyze all proposed associations case-by-case, addressing the
likelyhood of each one, according to this perspective. We consider a larger
explosion energy and reasses the characteristic age issue, and conclude that
about 50% of the associations can be true ones, provided SGRs and AXPs are
magnetars.Comment: 30 pages, AAStex, 5 figures, format fixe
Chiral Properties of Pseudoscalar Mesons on a Quenched Lattice with Overlap Fermions
The chiral properties of the pseudoscalar mesons are studied numerically on a
quenched lattice with the overlap fermion. We elucidate the role of the
zero modes in the meson propagators, particularly that of the pseudoscalar
meson. The non-perturbative renormalization constant is determined from
the axial Ward identity and is found to be almost independent of the quark mass
for the range of quark masses we study; this implies that the error is
small. The pion decay constant, , is calculated from which we
determine the lattice spacing to be 0.148 fm. We look for quenched chiral log
in the pseudoscalar decay constants and the pseudoscalar masses and we find
clear evidence for its presence. The chiral log parameter is
determined to be in the range 0.15 -- 0.4 which is consistent with that
predicted from quenched chiral perturbation theory.Comment: Version accepted for publication by PRD. A few minor typographical
errors have been corrected. 24 pages, 11 figure
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