37,724 research outputs found
Alternative subtraction scheme using Nagy Soper dipoles
We present an alternative subtraction scheme for the treatment of infrared
divergences in NLO QCD calculations. In this scheme, the number of
transformations is greatly reduced with respect to the standard subtraction
scheme by Catani and Seymour. We discuss the general setup of the scheme as
well as first applications to NLO processes at hadron and lepton colliders.Comment: 6 pages, 1 figure, presented at RADCOR 0
IPA-CuCl: a S=1/2 Ladder with Ferromagnetic Rungs
The spin gap material IPA-CuCl3 has been extensively studied as a
ferromagnetic-antiferromagnetic bondalternating S = 1/2 chain. This description
of the system was derived from structural considerations and bulk measurements.
New inelastic neutron scattering experiments reveal a totally different
picture: IPA-CuCl3 consists of weakly coupled spin ladders with
antiferromagnetic legs and ferromagnetic rungs. The ladders run perpendicular
to the originally supposed bondalternating chain direction. The ferromagnetic
rungs make this system equivalent to a Haldane S = 1 antiferromagnet. With a
gap energy of 1.17(1) meV, a zone-boundary energy of 4.1(1) meV, and almost no
magnetic anisotropy, IPA-CuCl3 may the best Haldane-gap material yet, in terms
of suitability for neutron scattering studies in high magnetic fields.Comment: 2 pages, 2 figures, submitted to proceedings of LT24, Orlando, FL,
August 200
Upper Bounds for the Critical Car Densities in Traffic Flow Problems
In most models of traffic flow, the car density is the only free
parameter in determining the average car velocity . The
critical car density , which is defined to be the car density separating
the jamming phase (with ) and the moving phase (with
), is an important physical quantity to investigate. By
means of simple statistical argument, we show that for the
Biham-Middleton-Levine model of traffic flow in two or higher spatial
dimensions. In particular, we show that in 2 dimension and
in () dimensions.Comment: REVTEX 3.0, 5 pages with 1 figure appended at the back, Minor
revision, to be published in the Sept issue of J.Phys.Soc.Japa
Entanglement scaling in critical two-dimensional fermionic and bosonic systems
We relate the reduced density matrices of quadratic bosonic and fermionic
models to their Green's function matrices in a unified way and calculate the
scaling of bipartite entanglement of finite systems in an infinite universe
exactly. For critical fermionic 2D systems at T=0, two regimes of scaling are
identified: generically, we find a logarithmic correction to the area law with
a prefactor dependence on the chemical potential that confirms earlier
predictions based on the Widom conjecture. If, however, the Fermi surface of
the critical system is zero-dimensional, we find an area law with a
sublogarithmic correction. For a critical bosonic 2D array of coupled
oscillators at T=0, our results show that entanglement follows the area law
without corrections.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure
Analytical and experimental study of two concentric cylinders coupled by a fluid gap
From a structural point of view a liquid coolant type nuclear reactor consists of a heavy steel vessel containing the core and related mechanical components and filled with a hot fluid. This vessel is protected from the severe environment of the core by a shielding structure, the thermal liner, which is usually a relatively thin steel cylinder concentric with the reactor vessel and separated from it by a gap filled with the coolant fluid. This arrangement leads to a potential vibration problem if the fundamental frequency, or one of the higher natural vibration frequencies, of this liner system is close to the frequency of some vibration source present in the reactor vessel. The shell rigidly clamped at its base and free at the top was investigated since it is a better description of the conditions encountered in typical reactor designs
Improved determination of color-singlet nonrelativistic QCD matrix elements for S-wave charmonium
We present a new computation of S-wave color-singlet nonrelativistic QCD
matrix elements for the J/psi and the eta_c. We compute the matrix elements of
leading order in the heavy-quark velocity v and the matrix elements of relative
order v^2. Our computation is based on the electromagnetic decay rates of the
J/psi and the eta_c and on a potential model that employs the Cornell
potential. We include relativistic corrections to the electromagnetic decay
rates, resumming a class of corrections to all orders in v, and find that they
significantly increase the values of the matrix elements of leading order in v.
This increase could have important implications for theoretical predictions for
a number of quarkonium decay and production processes. The values that we find
for the matrix elements of relative order v^2 are somewhat smaller than the
values that one obtains from estimates that are based on the velocity-scaling
rules of nonrelativistic QCD.Comment: 31 pages, minor corrections, version published in Phys. Rev.
Erratum: Dynamics and scaling in a quantum spin chain material with bond randomness
Follow-up neutron measurements, performed on a sample much larger than the
one used in the original study, show that in the energy range 0.5-45 meV the
magnetic excitations in BaCu2SiGeO7 are indistinguishable from those in
conventional (disorder-free) quantum S=1/2 chains. Scrutinizing the previous
data, we found that the analysis was affected by a poorly identified structured
background and an additional technical mistake in the data reduction.Comment: This is a complete withdrawal of the original paper, also published
as in Phys. Rev. Lett 93, 077206 (2004). One page, one figur
Dynamics of composite Haldane spin chains in IPA-CuCl3
Magnetic excitations in the quasi-one-dimensional antiferromagnet IPA-CuCl3
are studied by cold neutron inelastic scattering. Strongly dispersive gap
excitations are observed. Contrary to previously proposed models, the system is
best described as an asymmetric quantum spin ladder. The observed spectrum is
interpreted in terms of ``composite'' Haldane spin chains. The key difference
from actual S=1 chains is a sharp cutoff of the single-magnon spectrum at a
certain critical wave vector.Comment: 4 pages 4 figure
- …