673 research outputs found
Dynamical symmetry enhancement near N=2, D=4 gauged supergravity horizons
We show that all smooth Killing horizons with compact horizon sections of
4-dimensional gauged N=2 supergravity coupled to any number of vector
multiplets preserve supersymmetries, where
is a pull-back of the Hodge bundle of the special K\"ahler manifold on the
horizon spatial section. We also demonstrate that all such horizons with
exhibit an SL(2,R) symmetry and preserve either 4 or 8
supersymmetries. If the orbits of the SL(2,R) symmetry are 2-dimensional, the
horizons are warped products of AdS2 with the horizon spatial section.
Otherwise, the horizon section admits an isometry which preserves all the
fields. The proof of these results is centered on the use of index theorem in
conjunction with an appropriate generalization of the Lichnerowicz theorem for
horizons that preserve at least one supersymmetry. In all
cases, we specify the local geometry of spatial horizon sections and
demonstrate that the solutions are determined by first order non-linear
ordinary differential equations on some of the fields.Comment: 60 pages, late
Cosmological Solutions, a New Wick-Rotation, and the First Law of Thermodynamics
We present a modified implementation of the Euclidean action formalism suitable for studying the thermodynamics of a class of cosmological solutions containing Killing horizons. To obtain a real metric of definite signature, we perform a `triple Wick-rotation' by analytically continuing all space-like directions. The resulting Euclidean geometry is used to calculate the Euclidean on-shell action, which defines a thermodynamic potential. We show that for the vacuum de Sitter solution, planar solutions of Einstein-Maxwell theory and a previously found class of cosmological solutions of N = 2 supergravity, this thermodynamic potential can be used to define an internal energy which obeys the first law of thermodynamics. Our approach is complementary to, but consistent with the isolated horizon formalism. For planar Einstein-Maxwell solutions, we find dual solutions in Einstein-anti-Maxwell theory where the sign of the Maxwell term is reversed. These solutions are planar black holes, rather than cosmological solutions, but give rise, upon a standard Wick-rotation to the same Euclidean action and thermodynamic relations
Designers' unified cost model
The Structures Technology Program Office (STPO) at NASA LaRC has initiated development of a conceptual and preliminary designers' cost prediction model. The model will provide a technically sound method for evaluating the relative cost of different composite structural designs, fabrication processes, and assembly methods that can be compared to equivalent metallic parts or assemblies. The feasibility of developing cost prediction software in a modular form for interfacing with state-of-the-art preliminary design tools and computer aided design programs is being evaluated. The goal of this task is to establish theoretical cost functions that relate geometric design features to summed material cost and labor content in terms of process mechanics and physics. The output of the designers' present analytical tools will be input for the designers' cost prediction model to provide the designer with a database and deterministic cost methodology that allows one to trade and synthesize designs with both cost and weight as objective functions for optimization. This paper presents the team members, approach, goals, plans, and progress to date for development of COSTADE (Cost Optimization Software for Transport Aircraft Design Evaluation)
M-Horizons
We solve the Killing spinor equations and determine the near horizon
geometries of M-theory that preserve at least one supersymmetry. The M-horizon
spatial sections are 9-dimensional manifolds with a Spin(7) structure
restricted by geometric constraints which we give explicitly. We also provide
an alternative characterization of the solutions of the Killing spinor
equation, utilizing the compactness of the horizon section and the field
equations, by proving a Lichnerowicz type of theorem which implies that the
zero modes of a Dirac operator coupled to 4-form fluxes are Killing spinors. We
use this, and the maximum principle, to solve the field equations of the theory
for some special cases and present some examples.Comment: 36 pages, latex. Reference added, minor typos correcte
Turbsim: Reliability-based wind turbine simulator,
Abstract-Wind turbine farms are an effective generator of electricity in windy parts of the world, with prices progressing to levels competitive with other sources. Choosing the correct turbine for a given installation requires significant engineering and the current trend leads towards groups of large horizontal axis turbines. Unfortunately, large wind turbines have to contend with large forces and other sources of failure. With the new push to move generation farms offshore where they are less accessible, the issue of reliability becomes more critical. This work investigates the impact of reliability in a life-cycle analysis simulation of a theoretical wind farm in Massachusetts based upon reliability information from a number of academic sources. The simulator, TurbSim, is designed with significant modularity to enable reliability simulation of any turbine with available wind information. Our simulation of a turbine indicated that reliability makes a small but noticeable impact of 1.24% in its output
Cosmological solutions, a new wick-rotation, and the first law of thermodynamics
We present a modified implementation of the Euclidean action formalism
suitable for studying the thermodynamics of a class of cosmological solutions
containing Killing horizons. To obtain a real metric of definite signature, we
perform a `triple Wick-rotation' by analytically continuing all space-like
directions. The resulting Euclidean geometry is used to calculate the Euclidean
on-shell action, which defines a thermodynamic potential. We show that for the
vacuum de Sitter solution, planar solutions of Einstein-Maxwell theory and a
previously found class of cosmological solutions of N = 2 supergravity, this
thermodynamic potential can be used to define an internal energy which obeys
the first law of thermodynamics. Our approach is complementary to, but
consistent with the isolated horizon formalism. For planar Einstein-Maxwell
solutions, we find dual solutions in Einstein-anti-Maxwell theory where the
sign of the Maxwell term is reversed. These solutions are planar black holes,
rather than cosmological solutions, but give rise, upon a standard
Wick-rotation to the same Euclidean action and thermodynamic relations.Comment: 80 pages including 27 pages of appendices, 10 figures. Revised
version: extended discussion of related results, several references added.
Accepted for publication in JHE
Quantization of maximally-charged slowly-moving black holes
We discuss the quantization of a system of slowly-moving extreme
Reissner-Nordstrom black holes. In the near-horizon limit, this system has been
shown to possess an SL(2,R) conformal symmetry. However, the Hamiltonian
appears to have no well-defined ground state. This problem can be circumvented
by a redefinition of the Hamiltonian due to de Alfaro, Fubini and Furlan (DFF).
We apply the Faddeev-Popov quantization procedure to show that the Hamiltonian
with no ground state corresponds to a gauge in which there is an obstruction at
the singularities of moduli space requiring a modification of the quantization
rules. The redefinition of the Hamiltonian a la DFF corresponds to a different
choice of gauge. The latter is a good gauge leading to standard quantization
rules. Thus, the DFF trick is a consequence of a standard gauge-fixing
procedure in the case of black hole scattering.Comment: Corrected errors in the gauge-fixing procedur
On the Bogomol'nyi bound in Einstein-Maxwell-dilaton gravity
It has been shown that the 4-dimensional Einstein-Maxwell-dilaton theory
allows a Bogomol'nyi-type inequality for an arbitrary dilaton coupling constant
, and that the bound is saturated if and only if the (asymptotically
flat) spacetime admits a nontrivial spinor satisfying the gravitino and the
dilatino Killing spinor equations. The present paper revisits this issue and
argues that the dilatino equation fails to ensure the dilaton field equation
unless the solution is purely electric/magnetic, or the dilaton coupling
constant is given by , corresponding to the
Brans-Dicke-Maxwell theory and the Kaluza-Klein reduction of 5-dimensional
vacuum gravity, respectively. A systematic classification of the supersymmetric
solutions reveals that the solution can be rotating if and only if the solution
is dyonic or the coupling constant is given by . This
implies that the theory with cannot be embedded into
supergravity except for the static truncation. Physical properties of
supersymmetric solutions are explored from various points of view.Comment: v2: 23 pages, typos corrected, minor modifications, to appear in CQ
Equal charge black holes and seven dimensional gauged supergravity
We present various supergravity black holes of different dimensions with some
U(1) charges set equal in a simple, common form. Black hole solutions of seven
dimensional U(1)^2 gauged supergravity with three independent angular momenta
and two equal U(1) charges are obtained. We investigate the thermodynamics and
the BPS limit of this solution, and find that there are rotating supersymmetric
black holes without naked closed timelike curves. There are also supersymmetric
topological soliton solutions without naked closed timelike curves that have a
smooth geometry.Comment: 24 pages; v2, v3: minor change
Coherent Propagation of Polaritons in Semiconductor Heterostructures: Nonlinear Pulse Transmission in Theory and Experiment
The influence of coherent optical nonlinearities on polariton propagation
effects is studied within a theory-experiment comparison. A novel approach that
combines a microscopic treatment of the boundary problem in a sample of finite
thickness with excitonic and biexcitonic nonlinearities is introduced.
Light-polarization dependent spectral changes are analyzed for single-pulse
transmission and pump-probe excitation
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