6,858 research outputs found
Evolution of the Normal State of a Strongly Interacting Fermi Gas from a Pseudogap Phase to a Molecular Bose Gas
Wave-vector resolved radio frequency (rf) spectroscopy data for an ultracold
trapped Fermi gas are reported for several couplings at Tc, and extensively
analyzed in terms of a pairing-fluctuation theory. We map the evolution of a
strongly interacting Fermi gas from the pseudogap phase into a fully gapped
molecular Bose gas as a function of the interaction strength, which is marked
by a rapid disappearance of a remnant Fermi surface in the single-particle
dispersion. We also show that our theory of a pseudogap phase is consistent
with a recent experimental observation as well as with Quantum Monte Carlo data
of thermodynamic quantities of a unitary Fermi gas above Tc.Comment: 9 pages, 9 figures. Substantially revised version (to appear in Phys.
Rev. Lett.
Adubação foliar em tomateiro estaqueado. (Lycopersicum esculentum, mill). Santa Cruz - Kada.
Experimento realizado em solo latossol vermelho escuro-fase arenosa intergra de Terra roxa estruturada.Resumo
BCS-BEC crossover at finite temperature in the broken-symmetry phase
The BCS-BEC crossover is studied in a systematic way in the broken-symmetry
phase between zero temperature and the critical temperature. This study bridges
two regimes where quantum and thermal fluctuations are, respectively,
important. The theory is implemented on physical grounds, by adopting a
fermionic self-energy in the broken-symmetry phase that represents fermions
coupled to superconducting fluctuations in weak coupling and to bosons
described by the Bogoliubov theory in strong coupling. This extension of the
theory beyond mean field proves important at finite temperature, to connect
with the results in the normal phase. The order parameter, the chemical
potential, and the single-particle spectral function are calculated numerically
for a wide range of coupling and temperature. This enables us to assess the
quantitative importance of superconducting fluctuations in the broken-symmetry
phase over the whole BCS-BEC crossover. Our results are relevant to the
possible realizations of this crossover with high-temperature cuprate
superconductors and with ultracold fermionic atoms in a trap.Comment: 21 pages, 15 figure
Quantitative comparison between theoretical predictions and experimental results for the BCS-BEC crossover
Theoretical predictions for the BCS-BEC crossover of trapped Fermi atoms are
compared with recent experimental results for the density profiles of Li.
The calculations rest on a single theoretical approach that includes pairing
fluctuations beyond mean field. Excellent agreement with experimental results
is obtained. Theoretical predictions for the zero-temperature chemical
potential and gap at the unitarity limit are also found to compare extremely
well with Quantum Monte Carlo simulations and with recent experimental results.Comment: 4 pages, 3 eps figure
Momentum distribution of a trapped Fermi gas with large scattering length
Using a scattering length parametrization of the BCS-BEC crossover as well as
the local density approximation for the density profile, we calculate the
momentum distribution of a harmonically trapped atomic Fermi gas at zero
temperature. Various interaction regimes are considered, including the BCS
phase, the unitarity limit and the molecular regime. We show that the relevant
parameter which characterizes the crossover is given by the dimensionless
combination , where is the number of atoms, is the
scattering length and is the oscillator length. The width of the
momentum distribution is shown to depend in a crucial way on the value and sign
of this parameter. Our predictions can be relevant for experiments on ultracold
atomic Fermi gases near a Feshbach resonance.Comment: 6 pages, 2 figures. Submitted to Phys. Rev. A. Added reference
Homogeneous Fermion Superfluid with Unequal Spin Populations
For decades, the conventional view is that an s-wave BCS superfluid can not
support uniform spin polarization due to a gap in the quasiparticle
excitation spectrum. We show that this is an artifact of the dismissal of
quasiparticle interactions in the conventional approach at the
outset. Such interactions can cause triplet fluctuations in the ground state
and hence non-zero spin polarization at "magnetic field" . The
resulting ground state is a pairing state of quasiparticles on the ``BCS
vacuum". For sufficiently large , the spin polarization of at unitarity
has the simple form . Our study is motivated by the recent
experiments at Rice which found evidence of a homogenous superfluid state with
uniform spin polarization.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure
Metallic ferromagnetism: Progress in our understanding of an old strong-coupling problem
Metallic ferromagnetism is in general an intermediate to strong coupling
phenomenon. Since there do not exist systematic analytic methods to investigate
such types of problems, the microscopic origin of metallic ferromagnetism is
still not sufficiently understood. However, during the last two or three years
remarkable progress was made in this field: It is now certain that even in the
one-band Hubbard model metallic ferromagnetism is stable in dimensions
2, and on regular lattices and at intermediate values of the
interaction and density . In this paper the basic questions and recent
insights regarding the microscopic conditions favoring metallic ferromagnetism
in this model are reviewed. These findings are contrasted with the results for
the orbitally degenerate case.Comment: 16 pages, 13 figures, latex using vieweg.sty (enclosed); typos
corrected; to appear in "Advances in Solid State Physics", Vol. 3
Pseudogap and spectral function from superconducting fluctuations to the bosonic limit
The crossover from weak to strong coupling for a three dimensional continuum
model of fermions interacting via an attractive contact potential is studied
above the superconducting critical temperature. The pair-fluctuation
propagator, the one-loop self-energy, and the spectral function are
investigated in a systematic way from the superconducting fluctuation regime
(weak coupling) to the bosonic regime (strong coupling). Analytic and numerical
results are reported. In the strong-coupling regime, where the pair fluctuation
propagator has bosonic character, two quite different peaks appear in the
spectral function, a broad one at negative frequencies and a narrow one at
positive frequencies. By decreasing coupling, the two-peak structure evolves
smoothly. In the weak-coupling regime, where the fluctuation propagator has
diffusive Ginzburg-Landau character, the overall line-shape of the spectral
function is more symmetric. The systematic analysis of the spectral function
identifies specific features which allow one to distinguish by ARPES whether a
system is in the weak- or strong-coupling regime. Connection of the results of
our analysis with the phenomenology of cuprate superconductors is also
attempted and rests on the recently introduced two-gap model.Comment: 19 pages, 18 figure
Imbalanced Superfluid Phase of a Trapped Fermi Gas in the BCS-BEC Crossover Regime
We theoretically investigate the ground state of trapped neutral fermions
with population imbalance in the BCS-BEC crossover regime. On the basis of the
single-channel Hamiltonian, we perform full numerical calculations of the
Bogoliubov-de Gennes equation coupled with the regularized gap and number
equations. The zero-temperature phase diagram in the crossover regime is
presented, where the Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov (FFLO) pairing state
governs the weak-coupling BCS region of a resonance. It is found that the FFLO
oscillation vanishes in the BEC side, in which the system under population
imbalance turns into a phase separation (PS) between locally binding superfluid
and fully polarized spin domains. We also demonstrate numerical calculations
with a large particle number O(10^5), comparable to that observed in recent
experiments. The resulting density profile on a resonance yields the PS, which
is in good agreement with the recent experiments, while the FFLO modulation
exists in the pairing field. It is also proposed that the most favorable
location for the detection of the FFLO oscillation is in the vicinity of the
critical population imbalance in the weak coupling BCS regime, where the
oscillation periodicity becomes much larger than the interparticle spacing.
Finally, we analyze the radio-frequency (RF) spectroscopy in the imbalanced
system. The clear difference in the RF spectroscopy between BCS and BEC sides
reveals the structure of the pairing field and local ``magnetization''.Comment: 16 pages, 13 figures, replaced by the version to appear in J. Phys.
Soc. Jp
Weakly Interacting, Dilute Bose Gases in 2D
This article surveys a number of theoretical problems and open questions in
the field of two-dimensional dilute Bose gases with weak repulsive
interactions. In contrast to three dimensions, in two dimensions the formation
of long-range order is prohibited by the Bogoliubov-Hohenberg theorem, and
Bose-Einstein condensation is not expected to be realized. Nevertheless, first
experimental indications supporting the formation of the condensate in low
dimensional systems have been recently obtained. This unexpected behaviour
appears to be due to the non-uniformity, introduced into a system by the
external trapping potential. Theoretical predictions, made for homogeneous
systems, require therefore careful reexamination.
We survey a number of popular theoretical treatments of the dilute weakly
interacting Bose gas and discuss their regions of applicability. The
possibility of Bose-Einstein condensation in a two-dimensional gas, the
validity of perturbative t-matrix approximation and diluteness condition are
issues that we discuss in detail.Comment: Survey, 25 pages RMP style, revised version, refs added, some changes
made, accepted for publication in Rev. Mod. Phy
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