Integrated approach to radiodiagnosis of follicular thyroid neoplasia: a retrospective cohort trial

Background. An evidence-based diagnostic tactics for follicular thyroid gland neoplasia is lacking to date. First-line priority are radiography diagnostic techniques, which vary in capacities and therefore must be regulated in use.Objectives. An efficacy evaluation of multiparametric ultrasound (US), sonoelastography (SEG) and radionuclide scintigraphy (RS) in diagnosis of follicular thyroid neoplasms (FTN).Methods. Preoperative examination was interpreted in 222 FTN patients (86 with follicular thyroid adenoma, FTA, and 136 with follicular thyroid cancer, FTC) with subsequent surgery. A retrospective statistical data analysis was performed for B-mode US, colour Doppler imaging (CDI), power Doppler imaging (PDI), sonoelastography and Tc-99m pertechnetate scintigraphy.Results. Novel FTN descriptive evidence has been obtained. Particularly, an FTA vs. FTC trait comparison showed no reliable US marker of a node assignment to FTA or FTC. Trials of the national-manufactured TI-RADS system showed its good diagnostic potential: FTN sensitivity 89.55, specificity 77.58 and accuracy 83.52%. A SEG picture of FTN was typically motley-colour and mosaic. Young’s modulus in FTA was 27.5 ± 7.1 kPa, a higher stiffness (62.1 ± 12.1 kPa) in FTC indicated a higher likelihood of malignancy. Scintigraphy exhibited a modest capacity for FTN diagnosis (sensitivity 86.67, specificity 48.08 and accuracy 56.72%). AUC values (0.617) indicate its limited use for differential FTN diagnosis, mainly in hyperfunctioning nodules. Our experience elaborated an original algorithm for radiographic techniques application in FTN diagnosis.Conclusion. Several radiographic methods are warranted in suspected FTN. First-line is multiparametric US B-mode imaging to detect FTN priority markers and US symptom complexes. Sonoelastography is second-line in ambiguous cases to further clarify structure (stiffness) of the thyroid nodule examined. Unlike SEG, scintigraphy assesses the functional traits of thyroid nodule and so has limited indications, an important factor to consider in FTN

Study Of Technical Cellulose As A Matrix-Sorbent To Develop Express Analytic System For Water Safety Control

The study presented by the authors is devoted to the study of the properties and the possibility of using technical cellulose from non-wood plant raw materials as a solid-phase matrix to obtain solid-phase reactive indicator systems by the following methods: synthesis method on the base of a hetarylformazane immobilized on a cellulose matrix and development of analytical systems based on preconcentration of the determined metal ion by a matrix with subsequent its «revealing» by the formazan («revealing» method). The article focuses on determination of optimal combinations of chromogenic organic reagents (hetarylformazanes) and cellulose-based matrices for developing solid-phase reaction-based indicator systems. Adsorption features of formazan reagents onto cellulose matrices was studied. It has been established the relation between the reagent molecule structure, composition of cellulose matrix and analytical properties of the test-systems synthesized to determine metal ions. Different approaches were developed and applied to reveal the visually observable and easily measured effect due to cellulose properties as well as properties of hetarylformazanes fixed on the surface of the matrix. This fact allows to control sensitivity and selectivity of solid-phase reactive indicator systems for water quality assessment. © 2021 Altai State University. All rights reserved

EVALUATION OF VIBRIO CHOLERAE 569B INABA PROTECTIVE ANTIGENES, DERIVED ON INDUSTRIAL AND DEVELOPED BIOREACTORS AS WELL AS BY IMPROVED TECHNOLOGY

We evaluated immunochemical, physical and biochemical properties of Vibrio cholerae 569B INABA protective antigenes, derived on industrial and own-developed bioreactors as well as by technology of its concentration by tangential ultrafiltration. We detected, protease, twinase and. lysophospholipase in all samples. Also, dotimmunoanalysis showed equal concentration, of cholerogen-anatoxine and. O-antigen in all samples too. Using chromatography and. electrophoresis, we found their properties as similar. Thus, we suppose to be possible using developed bioreactor as well as technology of Vibrio cholerae 569B INABA protective antigens concentration by tangential concentration during a process of synthetic oral cholera vaccine production

Клеточные маркеры непрогредиентности при респираторном оксалозе

Respiratory oxalosis (RO), a special hereditary form of obstructive lung disease accompanied by hyperoxaluria, non-progredient course, absence of allergy and several cytology markers was studied in this comparative prospective study. We have observed 2 groups of non-smoking women (71 patients with RO and 64 patients with asthma accompanied by allergy with progredient course during 5 years). We evaluated the locomotor function of the mononuclear and polynuclear blood phagocytes using the inhibition of lymphocyte migration test as an immunological marker, and the hepatocyte function using AST / ALT ratio as a cytological marker. Their prevalence was the greatest in the 1-st group and constituted 100 % for the immunological marker and 98 % for the cytological one. We assume that function of the mononuclear phagocytes in RO probably results in the non progredient course of the disease. It relates to congenital high threshold of the immunocompetent cell sensitivity to polyclonal mitogens.Респираторный оксалоз (РО) является особой наследственной формой обструктивной болезни легких, сопровождаемой гипероксаурией, непрогредиентным течением, отсутствием аллергических проявлений и наличием ряда цитологических маркеров. Мы проводили сравнительное проспективное исследование в течение 5 лет в 2 группах пациентов (все некурящие женщины): 71 человек с РО и 64 с атопической бронхиальной астмой, аллергическими проявлениями и прогредиентным течением. Оценивали локомоторную функцию моно- и полинуклеарных фагоцитов периферической крови в тесте РТМЛ после инкубации крови с поликлональным митогеном FGA (цитологический маркер) и функцию гепатоцитов в тесте де Ритиса с учетом соотношения трансаминаз АСТ и АЛТ (иммунологический маркер). Встречаемость этих маркеров была максимальной в 1-й группе больных и составила 100 % для иммунологического маркера и 98 % — для цитологического маркера. Таким образом, мы полагаем, что ведущим фактором формирования непрогредиентного течения РО является наследственно обусловленный высокий порог клеточной чувствительности иммунокомпетентных клеток к поликлональному митогену

MEASUREMENT OF PROCALCITONIN IN THE CEREBROSPINAL FLUID FOR DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSTICS IN CHILDREN WITH MENINGITIS

Background: High production of pro-inflammatory cytokines associated with procalcitonin synthesis  and  its increased  blood  levels play an important role in the pathophysiology of systemic inflammation  in generalized  bacterial  infections. Aim: To assess diagnostic  value of procalcitonin measurement as a marker of bacterial  inflammation in cerebrospinal  fluid for differential diagnostics of bacterial  and  viral meningitis. Materials and methods: Procalcitonin  levels in blood  and cerebrospinal  fluid were measured by immunoenzyme analysis in 88 children aged from 3 months to 14 years who had been admitted to the hospital. Forty five percent  (45.4%) of them had acute bacterial meningitis, 27.3%, viral meningitis and 27.3% had the meningitis-like syndrome (control group). Results:  There  was a high  procalcitonin  level in   cerebrospinal  fluid in patients with bacterial purulent meningitis  (0,14 [0.0; 0.34] ng/mL (р < 0.006), with  the  normal  range  in the  control  group  of 0.07 [0.0; 0.07] ng/mL. This parameter correlated with blood procalcitonin level (9.8 [2.05; 13.19] ng/mL)  and  severity  of  meningitis.  In  patients with viral meningitis, the procalcitonin levels were below the normal range  (0.02 [0.01; 0.07] ng/mL). Conclusion: Measurement of procalcitonin  levels in cerebrospinal  fluid could be recommended for inclusion into the differential diagnostic algorithm of meningitis of various etiologies in children

Roundtable: A Multifaceted WWI Centenary and an Evasive Europe

Chapter 9, “Roundtable: A Multifaceted WWI Centenary and an Evasive Europe”, concludes this book. It presents the online roundtable during which the authors shared their results as they pertained to four questions: European belonging, cultural memory and expression of national identity, transnationalization of memory about WWI, and the construction of Europe in news media. This final collective chapter emphasizes the coexisting conceptions of Europe that are present in the media discourse of commemoration. Furthermore, it underlines how the tension between the various national and European narratives regarding the Centenary of WWI is part of an ongoing Europeanization process

Development and Validation of Valganciclovir and its Active Metabolite Ganciclovir Determination in Human Plasma by HPLC-UV Method

Introduction. Viral infections are a serious problem that occurs during the use of immunosuppressants in preparation for organ transplantation and in the postoperative period. Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is one of the main causes of diseases in people with weakened immune systems. It has a direct impact on one’s body and makes it more likely to reject a transplanted organ. Antiviral drugs are used to treat and prevent this infectious disease. Valganciclovir is a prodrug whose active metabolite is ganciclovir. Valganciclovir is the drug of choice in the treatment of CMV infections. Currently, there are no researches on the matter of simultaneous determination of both valganciclovir and ganciclovir in human blood plasma by means of high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with ultraviolet detection. This research delivers a thorough description of development and validation of a particular method for simultaneous determination of valganciclovir and ganciclovir in the plasma after sample preparation by the method of protein precipitation.Aim. The aim of this study is to develop method for the quantitative determination of valganciclovir and its active metabolite ganciclovir in human plasma by HPLC-UV for pharmacokinetic studies.Materials and methods. Quantitative determination of tadalafil in plasma by HPLC-UV. A sample was prepared using protein precipitation.Results and discussion. This method was validated by next validation parameters: selectivity, matrix effect, calibration curve, accuracy, precision, lower limit of quantification, carry-over and stability.Conclusion. The method of the quantitative determination of valganciclovir and its active metabolite ganciclovir in human plasma was developed and validated by HPLC-UV. The analytical range of the was 5,0–1000,0 ng/ml for valganciclovir and 100,0–10000,0 ng/ml for ganciclovir in plasma. Method could be applied to determination of valganciclovir and ganciclovir in plasma for PK and BE studies

Development and Validation of Atazanavir and Ritonavir Determination in Human Plasma by HPLC-MS Method

Introduction. HIV infection is one of the most relevant diseases from a medical, epidemiological and social point of view. Timely diagnosis, detection and control of the disease, adequate prescription of antiretroviral therapy can sufficiently reduce the viral load on the patient's body, reduce the risk of transmission of infection. Currently, combinations of various antiretroviral drugs are increasingly being prescribed as therapy. One of the most important is combination of atazanavir and ritonavir. The most important stage for the study of pharmacokinetics, studies of comparative pharmacokinetics and bioequivalence is the development of an analytical method that allows you to determine the investigated substances in human plasma. There are currently no published methods for the determination of atazanavir and ritonavir in human plasma using high performance liquid chromatography with mass selective detection using a single quadrupole mass detector. In this article presents the development and validation of a method for the determination of atazanavir and ritonavir in blood plasma after sample preparation by the method of protein precipitation.Aim. The aim of the study is to develop a method for the quantitative determination of atazanavir and ritonavir in human plasma by HPLC with mass spectrometric detection for performing the analytical part of pharmacokinetic studies.Materials and methods. Determination of atazanavir and ritonavir in human plasma by HPLC with mass spectrometric detection. A sample was prepared using protein deposition.Results and discussion. The method was validated of selectivity, matrix effect, calibration curve, accuracy, precision, limit of quantification, carry-over effect and sample stability.Conclusion. The method of the determination of atazanavir and ritonavir in human plasma was developed and validated by HPLC-MS. The analytical range of the was 50.0–10000.0 ng/mL in plasma for atazanavir and 10.0–2500.0 ng/mL in plasma for ritonavir. Method could be applied to determination of atazanavir and ritonavir in plasma for PK and BE studies