Retail Marketing in Rural India – Factors in Favour and Strategies

Retail industry now accounting for 10% of the country’s GDP undergoes dynamic changes boosting its growth still further. The sector grows impressively leading to production of wide range of products and services. Rural markets provide great scope for marketers due to increased revenue and purchase power of the rural population in India. The rural income is expected to increase faster due to government policies supporting agriculture and the earning population that has temporarily moved out of rural villages to cities for employment in non-agricultural sectors. Technology in agriculture has helped to produce quality crops and the market is ready to give high prices for such products. Around 60% of the students in the colleges are first generation graduates who have moved out of their villages for tertiary education. Thus the life style, likes and preferences of the rural population keeps changing. However the huge rural segment is much different from that of the urban segment and the marketers need to approach with sustained efforts and special models. The highly fragmented rural segment’s needs are majorly filled by unorganized family run Kirana stores and Maligai shops. The share of organised retail in the country has risen by 60% and the same is expected to have impact on the rural market as well. The paper focuses on the growth of retail market in India, the emerging factors in favour of rural retail and suggests strategies for rural retailing

Study of Post-Modernism and Post-Structuralism

Post- Modernism was not the invention of literary critics, but literature can certainly claim to be one of the most important laboratories of postmodernism. Literary postmodernism has tended to be focused on one kind of writing, namely, narrative fiction. It seems oddly fitting that what Hutcheon says “poetics of postmodernism” should turn out to be most in evidence in its fiction. One might almost say that the move from modernism to postmodernism involves a move from poetry to fiction. Modernism had also been characterized by efforts to establish the dignity and seriousness of the novel by developing for it a kind of poetics, centered on principles of structure. This poetics operated according to the principles of a scenography

A Study On Secure Data Storage In Public Clouds

This paper focuses on the study of various existing cloud storage mechanisms with their related security frameworks for realizing the efficient cloud storage in a secured environment. The key feature for the growing popularity of cloud computing relies on the efficient management of stored data in a highly secure way for remote accessing. Ensuring the integrity and availability of user’s data stored in the cloud has always been an important aspect for its quality of service. While storing data in cloud, lots of issues with respect to security are being cropping out as clients have no direct physical control over their outsourced data. In addition, their vulnerabilities to external threats are increasing as cloud provides storage and accessing services via world-wide domain networking. This study will help in identifying different performance measures for secure available of data in cloud storage mechanisms

A novel centralized supervisory with distributed control system-based microgrid

Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition is a popular control and monitoring scheme and is predominantly used in many industrial systems. Driven by the motivation of extending the usage of the SCADA systems for microgrid, a novel centralized Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition System with Distributed Control Systems is proposed and validated for the microgrid. Supervisory instructions are issued from the central control system, whereas the local controllers are used to implement the exclusive control schemes required for the various subsystems. A wired sensor network is used to monitor the various vital parameters and a Graphical User Interface (GUI) is used for monitoring the status of operation of the various subsystems along with their parametric values. The proposed system is simulated in the MATLAB SIMULINK environment. An experimental verification prototype has also been carried out where a PC (Personal Computer) with a Graphical User Interface developed in C# and a microcontroller is used to act as an interface between the distributed controllers in the plant and the master control PC

Visible and infrared photocurrent enhancement in a graphene-silicon Schottky photodetector through surface-states and electric field engineering

The design of efficient graphene-silicon (GSi) Schottky junction photodetectors requires detailed understanding of the spatial origin of the photoresponse. Scanning-photocurrent-microscopy (SPM) studies have been carried out in the visible wavelengths regions only, in which the response due to silicon is dominant. Here we present comparative SPM studies in the visible ($\lambda$ = 633nm) and infrared ($\lambda$ = 1550nm) wavelength regions for a number of GSi Schottky junction photodetector architectures, revealing the photoresponse mechanisms for silicon and graphene dominated responses, respectively, and demonstrating the influence of electrostatics on the device performance. Local electric field enhancement at the graphene edges leads to a more than ten-fold increased photoresponse compared to the bulk of the graphene-silicon junction. Intentional design and patterning of such graphene edges is demonstrated as an efficient strategy to increase the overall photoresponse of the devices. Complementary simulations and modeling illuminate observed effects and highlight the importance of considering graphene's shape and pattern and device geometry in the device design

Pengaruh Partisipasi dalam Penganggaran dan Peran Manajerial Pengelola Keuangan Daerah terhadap Kinerja Pemerintah Daerah (Studi Empiris pada SKPD Kabupaten Rokan Hulu)

This study aimed to examine the effect of participation in budgeting and financial management managerial roles with the object of the entire study area SKPDs Rokan Hulu district, consist of 25 SKPD. The research sample are 100 respondents consisting of 13 heads of department, 30 head of sector, 27 head subsections, and 1 hospital director in Rokan Hulu district. Data collected by distributing questionnaires. From 100 questionnaires sent, there were 74 respondents who returns the queationnaires and only 70 questionnaires that can be processed and analyzed. sampling techniques using simple random sampling. The method of data collection is by distributing questionnaires. Analysis using multiple regression. The results of this study we concluded that participation in budgeting and financial management managerial role area significantly positive effect on the performance of local government. In this study the magnitude of the effect that the R2 of 0.230 or 23% indicated that participation in budgeting and financial management managerial roles affect the performance of the local government area by 23%. The results of this study support previous studies.Keywords: Participation in Budgeting, Managerial Role of Financial Management The Local Government Performance

Glycogen synthase kinase-3 inhibitor AR-A014418 suppresses pancreatic cancer cell growth via inhibition of GSK-3-mediated Notch1 expression

AbstractBackgroundGlycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) can act as either a tumour promoter or suppressor by its inactivation depending on the cell type. There are conflicting reports on the roles of GSK-3 isoforms and their interaction with Notch1 in pancreatic cancer. It was hypothesized that GSK-3α stabilized Notch1 in pancreatic cancer cells thereby promoting cellular proliferation.MethodsThe pancreatic cancer cell lines MiaPaCa2, PANC-1 and BxPC-3, were treated with 0–20 μM of AR-A014418 (AR), a known GSK-3 inhibitor. Cell viability was determined by the MTT assay and Live-Cell Imaging. The levels of Notch pathway members (Notch1, HES-1, survivin and cyclinD1), phosphorylated GSK-3 isoforms, and apoptotic markers were determined by Western blot. Immunoprecipitation was performed to identify the binding of GSK-3 specific isoform to Notch1.ResultsAR-A014418 treatment had a significant dose-dependent growth reduction (P< 0.001) in pancreatic cancer cells compared with the control and the cytotoxic effect is as a result of apoptosis. Importantly, a reduction in GSK-3 phosphorylation lead to a reduction in Notch pathway members. Overexpression of active Notch1 in AR-A014418-treated cells resulted in the negation of growth suppression. Immunoprecipitation analysis revealed that GSK-3α binds to Notch1.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates for the first time that the growth suppressive effect of AR-A014418 on pancreatic cancer cells is mainly mediated by a reduction in phosphorylation of GSK-3α with concomitant Notch1 reduction. GSK-3α appears to stabilize Notch1 by binding and may represent a target for therapeutic development. Furthermore, downregulation of GSK-3 and Notch1 may be a viable strategy for possible chemosensitization of pancreatic cancer cells to standard therapeutics

A Power Quality Improvement for Microgrid Inverter Operated in Grid Connected and Grid Disconnected Modes

The renewable energy based distributed generators (DGs) will plays a dominant role in electricity production. A micro grid consists of clusters of load and distributed generators that operate as a single controllable system. The interconnection of the DG to the utility/grid through power electronic converters has raised concern about safe operation and protection of the equipments. The main objective of this paper is too focused on the power quality improvement in micro grid. In the distributed power system, the increased infiltration of nonlinear loads and power electronic interfaced distribution generation systems creates power quality issues such as voltage unbalance, frequency regulation and harmonic elimination

Hubungan Sarana Belajar di Rumah dan Motivasi dengan Hasil Belajar

This research was to knew about the correlation of learning facilities at home and learnimg motivation with the Geography learning outcomes of X class students in SMA Muhammadiyah 2 Metro City in 2016/2017. Research method used correlation. The sampling technique used population, which amount 41 students. Data collecting used closed questionnaires, interview and documentation technique. Analysis data used Spearman Rank Correlation and Multiple Linear Regression. The result showed: (1) There was a positive and significant correlation between learning facilities at home and geography learning result. (2) There was a positive and significant correlation between learning motivation and student geography learning result (3) There was a positive and significant correlation between learning at home and learning motivation with student geography learning result.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tentang hubungan antara sarana belajar di rumah dan motivasi belajar dengan hasil belajar Geografi siswa kelas X di SMA Muhammadiyah 2 Kota Metro tahun pembelajaran 2016/2017. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah korelasional. Teknik sampling menggunakan teknik Populasi, yaitu siswa kelas X yang berjumlah 41 siswa Pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik angket tertutup, interview dan dokumentasi. Analisis datanya menggunakan Korelasi Spearman Rank dan Regresi Linier Ganda. Berdasarkan analisis data yang dilakukan, hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa: (1) Ada hubungan positif yang erat dan signifikan antara sarana belajar dirumah dengan hasil belajar Geografi siswa (2) Ada hubungan positif yang erat dan signifikan antara motivasi belajar dengan hasil belajar Geografi siswa (3) Ada hubungan positif yang erat dan signifikan antara sarana belajar di rumah dan motivasi belajar dengan hasil belajar Geografi siswa