Kid Crop Kambing Kacang (Capra Hircus) Di Kabupaten Konawe Utara

Salah satu variabel penentu dalam mengukur perkembangan populasi ternak di suatu wilayah adalah jumlah kelahiran anak ternak. Pada ternak kambing dan domba, produktivitas seekor induk dapat diketahui dengan menggunakan indikator nilai panen cempe. Informasi tentang nilai panen cempe, khususnya ternak Kambing Kacang di Kabupaten Konawe Utara masih kurang sehingga perlu dilakukan penelitian untuk memperoleh data tersebut. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui nilai panen cempe Kambing Kacang di Kabupaten Konawe Utara. Lokasi penelitian ditentukan dengan menggunakan dua metode, yaitu metode stratified sampling dan purposive sampling. Sedangkan penentuan responden pada desa terpilih digunakan metode sensus. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai rataan panen cempe Kambing Kacang di Kabupaten Konawe Utara adalah 167,71% dengan interval kelahiran sebesar 8,61 bulan dan jumlah anak sekelahiran sebesar 1,36 ekor, sedangkan mortalitasnya mencapai 13,96%. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah produktivitas ternak Kambing Kacang di Kabupaten Konawe Utara masih cukup baik berdasarkan variable nilai panen cempenya

Hubungan Pemberian Pupuk Kandang Sapi Dengan Peningkatan Kandungan Protein Dan Serat Kasar Legum Clitoria Ternatea Sebagai Hijauan Pakan Ternak

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui manfaat pupuk kandang sapi terhadap kualitas legum Clitoria ternatea khususnya kandungan protein dan serat kasar. Penelitian ini dilakukan lahan Agrostologi Jurusan Peternakan Fakultas Peternakan Universitas Haluoleo Kendari. Penelitian ini terdiri dari beberapa tahapan yang diawali dengan pengolahan lahan, pemupukan(perlakuan), penanaman, pemeliharaan, dan pemanenan yang dilakukan sebanyak dua kali pada tanaman umur 13 MST (Panen I) dan 19 MST (Panen II) dengan batas pemotongan tanaman 20 cm dari permukaan tanah. Variabel yang diamati pada penelitian ini yaitu persentase kandungan protein kasar dan serat kasar melalui analisis jaringan tanaman yang dilakukan di Laboratorium Fakultas Pertanian UHO. Persentase kandungan protein kasar ditentukan menggunakan metode ”Kjedahl” sedangkan persentase kandungan serat kasar ditentukan menggunakan metode ”Gravimetri”. Data hasil pengamatan selanjutnya ditabulasi dan dianalisis menggunakan analisis korelasi Pearson. Hasil penelitian menujukan bahwa pupuk kandang sapi dengan dosis tertinggi yaitu 25 ton ha-1 mampu meningkatkan kandungan protein kasar hingga mencapai 24,25% dibanding kontrol, tetapi menurunkan kandungan serat kasar hingga mencapai 34,07% dibanding kontrol pada panen I. Sedang Pada panen II, dengan peningkatan pupuk kandang sapi hingga 25 ton ha-1 mampu meningkatkan kandungan protein kasar sebesar 24,23% dibanding kontrol, namun menurunkan kandungan serat kasar sebesar 44,07% dibanding kontrol

Respon Pertumbuhan Dan Mortalitas Pedet Sapi Bali Dari Induk Yang Diberi Pakan Tambahan Dan Obat Cacing

Kelahiran dan pertumbuhan pedet di bawah umur 3 bulan sangat rendah di lapangan karena pakan induk bunting dan menyusui kurang tercukupi dan adanya infestasi cacing pada induk sapi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui respon pertumbuhan pedet, perkembangan dimensi tubuh dan mortalitas pedet terhadap pemberian pakan tambahan dan obat cacing pada induk sapi Bali. Penelitihan ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan tiga perlakuan yaitu kelompok sapi bunting yang diberi pakan tambahan dan obat cacing (P2), kelompok sapi Bali bunting yang diberi pakan tambahan tanpa obat cacing (P1), kelompok sapi Bali bunting yang tidak diberi pakan tambahan dan obat cacing (P0). Parameter yang diukur adalah bobot lahir, berat badan, ukuran dimensi tubuh yang meliputi panjang badan, lingkar dada, tinggi pundak dan mortalitas pedet. Hasil penelitihan menunjukkan bahwa rataan tertinggi semua parameter yang diukur diperoleh pada perlakuan (P2), masing–masing bobot badan (57,90 kg), lingkar dada (86,25 cm), tinggi gumba (73,35 cm) dan panjang badan (66,70 cm). Angka kematian anak ternak 0% karena tidak ada anak ternak yang mati selama penelitian. Namun demikian, hasil analisis ragam menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap parameter yang dievaluasi. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut disimpulkan bahwa pemberian pakan tambahan dan obat cacing pada induk sapi Bali tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap bobot lahir, bobot badan, panjang badan, lingkar dada, tinggi pundak dan mortalitas. Penggunaan pakan tambahan dan obat cacing (P2) memberikan performans pedet sapi Bali yang lebih baik

Production Performance of Local Village Chicken Fed by Agriculture by-product Supplemented with Herbal Probiotics and Mud Clams Extract (Polymesoda erosa) in Kendari-South-East Sulawesi

Ninety head day old chick (DOC) of local village chicken was used in this experiment to evaluate the effect of agricultural by product-based feed supplemented with herbal probiotics (HP) and mud clams extract (MC) on production performance of local village chicken. A completely randomized design was used with 5 treatments and 4 replications. The treatments consisted of control (R0), 0.75%HP+1.5%MC (R1), 1.5%HP+3%MC (R2), 2.25%HP+4.5%MC (R3), and 3.0%HP+6.0%MC (R4). All chicken was kept in a group of five flocks equipped with feeding and water supply apparatus. The results showed that local village chicken got R2 treatment gave a significantly higher response in feed consumption (32.5gd-1) compared to R0 (23.1gd-1), R1 (23.9gd-1), R3 (24.0gd-1), and R4 (21.3gd-1). The daily gain of local village chicken was also significantly higher in R2 treatment (7.4g-1) compared to R0 (4.6gd-1), R1 (4.9gd-1), R3 (4.6gd-1), and R4 treatment (4.1gd-1). However, feed conversion resulted from those treatments did not show a significant difference. The lower feed conversion gain in this experiment has existed in R2 treatment (4.0) followed by treatment R1 (4.9), R0 (5.0), R4 (5.2), and treatment R3 (5.4). Therefore, it was concluded that the treatments had a significant effect on feed consumption and daily gain but had no effect on feed conversion of local village chicken. The inclusion level of 1.5% herbal probiotics and 3% mud clams extract gave better effect on both feed consumption and daily gain of local village chicken

Preferential MGMT hypermethylation in SDH-deficient wild-type GIST

AIMS: Wild-type gastrointestinal stromal tumours (wtGIST) are frequently caused by inherited pathogenic variants, or somatic alterations in the succinate dehydrogenase subunit genes (SDHx). Succinate dehydrogenase is a key enzyme in the citric acid cycle. SDH deficiency caused by SDHx inactivation leads to an accumulation of succinate, which inhibits DNA and histone demethylase enzymes, resulting in global hypermethylation. Epigenetic silencing of the DNA repair gene MGMT has proven utility as a positive predictor of the therapeutic efficacy of the alklyating drug temozolomide (TMZ) in tumours such as glioblastoma multiforme. The aim of this study was to examine MGMT promoter methylation status in a large cohort of GIST. METHODS: MGMT methylation analysis was performed on 65 tumour samples including 47 wtGIST (33 SDH-deficient wtGIST and 11 SDH preserved wtGIST) and 21 tyrosine kinase (TK) mutant GIST. RESULTS: MGMT promoter methylation was detected in 8 cases of SDH-deficient (dSDH) GIST but in none of the 14 SDH preserved wild-type GIST or 21 TK mutant GIST samples analysed. Mean MGMT methylation was significantly higher (p 0.0449) and MGMT expression significantly lower (p<0.0001) in dSDH wtGIST compared with TK mutant or SDH preserved GIST. No correlation was identified between SDHx subunit gene mutations or SDHC epimutation status and mean MGMT methylation levels. CONCLUSION: MGMT promoter hypermethylation occurs exclusively in a subset of dSDH wtGIST. Data from this study support testing of tumour MGMT promoter methylation in patients with dSDH wtGIST to identify those patients who may benefit from most from TMZ therapy

Experimental Evidence for Evolved Tolerance to Avian Malaria in a Wild Population of Low Elevation Hawai‘i ‘Amakihi (Hemignathus virens)

Introduced vector-borne diseases, particularly avian malaria (Plasmodium relictum) and avian pox virus (Avipoxvirus spp.), continue to play significant roles in the decline and extinction of native forest birds in the Hawaiian Islands. Hawaiian honeycreepers are particularly susceptible to avian malaria and have survived into this century largely because of persistence of high elevation refugia on Kaua‘i, Maui, and Hawai‘i Islands, where transmission is limited by cool temperatures. The long term stability of these refugia is increasingly threatened by warming trends associated with global climate change. Since cost effective and practical methods of vector control in many of these remote, rugged areas are lacking, adaptation through processes of natural selection may be the best long-term hope for recovery of many of these species. We document emergence of tolerance rather than resistance to avian malaria in a recent, rapidly expanding low elevation population of Hawai‘i ‘Amakihi (Hemignathus virens) on the island of Hawai‘i. Experimentally infected low elevation birds had lower mortality, lower reticulocyte counts during recovery from acute infection, lower weight loss, and no declines in food consumption relative to experimentally infected high elevation Hawai‘i ‘Amakihi in spite of similar intensities of infection. Emergence of this population provides an exceptional opportunity for determining physiological mechanisms and genetic markers associated with malaria tolerance that can be used to evaluate whether other, more threatened species have the capacity to adapt to this disease.Keywords: Tolerance, Climate change, Hawai‘i ‘Amakihi, Adaptation, Plasmodium relictum, Avian malaria, Honeycreepe