1,022 research outputs found
Nitrogen K-shell photoabsorption
Reliable atomic data have been computed for the spectral modeling of the
nitrogen K lines, which may lead to useful astrophysical diagnostics. Data sets
comprise valence and K-vacancy level energies, wavelengths, Einstein
-coefficients, radiative and Auger widths and K-edge photoionization cross
sections. An important issue is the lack of measurements which are usually
employed to fine-tune calculations so as to attain spectroscopic accuracy. In
order to estimate data quality, several atomic structure codes are used and
extensive comparisons with previous theoretical data have been carried out. In
the calculation of K photoabsorption with the Breit--Pauli -matrix method,
both radiation and Auger damping, which cause the smearing of the K edge, are
taken into account. This work is part of a wider project to compute atomic data
in the X-ray regime to be included in the database of the popular {\sc xstar}
modeling code
Decay Properties of K-Vacancy States in Fe X-Fe XVII
We report extensive calculations of the decay properties of fine-structure
K-vacancy levels in Fe X-Fe XVII. A large set of level energies, wavelengths,
radiative and Auger rates, and fluorescence yields has been computed using
three different standard atomic codes, namely Cowan's HFR, AUTOSTRUCTURE and
the Breit-Pauli R-matrix package. This multi-code approach is used to the study
the effects of core relaxation, configuration interaction and the Breit
interaction, and enables the estimate of statistical accuracy ratings. The
K-alpha and KLL Auger widths have been found to be nearly independent of both
the outer-electron configuration and electron occupancy keeping a constant
ratio of 1.53+/-0.06. By comparing with previous theoretical and measured
wavelengths, the accuracy of the present set is determined to be within 2 mA.
Also, the good agreement found between the different radiative and Auger data
sets that have been computed allow us to propose with confidence an accuracy
rating of 20% for the line fluorescence yields greater than 0.01. Emission and
absorption spectral features are predicted finding good correlation with
measurements in both laboratory and astrophysical plasmas.Comment: 13 pages, 4 figures. Submitted to A&A. Electronic Table 3-4 available
at http://lheawww.gsfc.nasa.gov/users/palmeri/patrick.htm
Atomic data for the K-vacancy states of Fe XXIV
As part of a project to compute improved atomic data for the spectral
modeling of iron K lines, we report extensive calculations and comparisons of
atomic data for K-vacancy states in Fe XXIV. The data sets include: (i) energy
levels, line wavelengths, radiative and Auger rates; (ii) inner-shell electron
impact excitation rates and (iii) fine structure inner-shell photoionization
cross sections. The calculations of energy levels and radiative and Auger rates
have involved a detailed study of orbital representations, core relaxation,
configuration interaction, relativistic corrections, cancellation effects and
semi-empirical corrections. It is shown that a formal treatment of the Breit
interaction is essential to render the important magnetic correlations that
take part in the decay pathways of this ion. As a result, the accuracy of the
present A-values is firmly ranked at better than 10% while that of the Auger
rates at only 15%. The calculations of collisional excitation and
photoionization cross sections take into account the effects of radiation and
spectator Auger dampings. In the former, these effects cause significant
attenuation of resonances leading to a good agreement with a simpler method
where resonances are excluded. In the latter, resonances converging to the K
threshold display symmetric profiles of constant width that causes edge
smearing.Comment: 18 pages, 8 figures, submitted to Astronomy & Astrophysics 200
A Quantitative Comparison of Opacities Calculated Using the Distorted- Wave and -Matrix Methods
The present debate on the reliability of astrophysical opacities has reached
a new climax with the recent measurements of Fe opacities on the Z-machine at
the Sandia National Laboratory \citep{Bailey2015}. To understand the
differences between theoretical results, on the one hand, and experiments on
the other, as well as the differences among the various theoretical results,
detailed comparisons are needed. Many ingredients are involved in the
calculation of opacities; deconstructing the whole process and comparing the
differences at each step are necessary to quantify their importance and impact
on the final results. We present here such a comparison using the two main
approaches to calculate the required atomic data, the -Matrix and
distorted-wave methods, as well as sets of configurations and coupling schemes
to quantify the effects on the opacities for the and ions.Comment: 10 pages, 2 figure
Dissipation of the 3^He A-B Transition
A rigorous hydrodynamic theory of the A-B transition is presented. All
dissipative processes are considered. At low interface velocities, those
occurring on hydrodynamic length scales, not considered hitherto, are most
probably the dominant ones.Comment: 13 pages, REVTeX, 2 figures, ITP-UH 13/9
Photoionization Modeling and the K Lines of Iron
We calculate the efficiency of iron K line emission and iron K absorption in
photoionized models using a new set of atomic data. These data are more
comprehensive than those previously applied to the modeling of iron K lines
from photoionized gases, and allow us to systematically examine the behavior of
the properties of line emission and absorption as a function of the ionization
parameter, density and column density of model constant density clouds. We show
that, for example, the net fluorescence yield for the highly charged ions is
sensitive to the level population distribution produced by photoionization, and
these yields are generally smaller than those predicted assuming the population
is according to statistical weight. We demonstrate that the effects of the many
strongly damped resonances below the K ionization thresholds conspire to smear
the edge, thereby potentially affecting the astrophysical interpretation of
absorption features in the 7-9 keV energy band. We show that the centroid of
the ensemble of K lines, the K energy, and the ratio of the
K to K components are all diagnostics of the ionization
parameter of our model slabsComment: 38 pages, submitted to Ap.J. Sup
Radiative and Auger decay data for modelling nickel K lines
Radiative and Auger decay data have been calculated for modelling the K lines
in ions of the nickel isonuclear sequence, from Ni up to Ni. Level
energies, transition wavelengths, radiative transition probabilities, and
radiative and Auger widths have been determined using Cowan's Hartree--Fock
with Relativistic corrections (HFR) method. Auger widths for the third-row ions
(Ni--Ni) have been computed using single-configuration average
(SCA) compact formulae. Results are compared with data sets computed with the
AUTOSTRUCTURE and MCDF atomic structure codes and with available experimental
and theoretical values, mainly in highly ionized ions and in the solid state.Comment: submitted to ApJS. 42 pages. 12 figure
Bubble Growth in Superfluid 3-He: The Dynamics of the Curved A-B Interface
We study the hydrodynamics of the A-B interface with finite curvature. The
interface tension is shown to enhance both the transition velocity and the
amplitudes of second sound. In addition, the magnetic signals emitted by the
growing bubble are calculated, and the interaction between many growing bubbles
is considered.Comment: 20 pages, 3 figures, LaTeX, ITP-UH 11/9
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