Optimal Wind Bidding Strategies in Day-Ahead Markets

This paper presents a computer application for wind energy bidding in a day-ahead electricity market to better accommodate the variability of the energy source. The computer application is based in a stochastic linear mathematical programming problem. The goal is to obtain the optimal bidding strategy in order to maximize the revenue. Electricity prices and financial penalties for shortfall or surplus energy deliver are modeled. Finally, conclusions are drawn from an illustrative case study, using data from the day-ahead electricity market of the Iberian Peninsula

Performance analysis of PV plants: Optimization for improving profitability

A study is conducted of real PV production from two 100 kWp grid-connected installations located in the same area, both of which experience the same fluctuations in temperature and radiation. Data sets on production were collected over an entire year and both installations were compared under various levels of radiation. The installations were assembled with mono-Si panels, mounted on the same support system, and the power supply was equal for the inverter and the measurement system; the same parameters were also employed for the wiring, and electrical losses were calculated in both cases. The results, in economic terms, highlight the importance of properly selecting the system components and the design parameters for maximum profitabilit

Performance of grid-tied PV facilities: a case study based on real data

A new procedure is presented to analyse the performance of grid-tied PV facilities. It needs limited amounts of data that are easily sourced and is based on knowledge of the analysed system and its mode of operation. The procedure is applied, in a case study, to compare real PV production at two 100 kWp grid-connected PV installations. Located in the same geographical region, the installation of these two facilities followed the same construction criteria – PV panels, panel support system and wiring – and the facilities were exposed to the same atmospheric temperature and solar radiation. They differ with regard to their inverter technology: one facility uses an inverter with an integrated transformer system and the other uses a transformerless inverter. The results show that the transformerless inverter system performed better than the isolated system by a factor of 1.2%, which, in economic terms, represents more than 2000 €/yearSpanish Government (Grant ENE2011-27511) and the Department of Culture and Education of the Regional Government of Castilla y León, Spain (Grant BU358A12-2)

Renewable, ethical? Assessing the energy justice potential of renewable electricity

Energy justice is increasingly being used as a framework to conceptualize the impacts of energy decision making in more holistic ways and to consider the social implications in terms of existing ethical values. Similarly, renewable energy technologies are increasingly being promoted for their environmental and social benefits. However, little work has been done to systematically examine the extent to which, in what ways and in what contexts, renewable energy technologies can contribute to achieving energy justice. This paper assesses the potential of renewable electricity technologies to address energy justice in various global contexts via a systematic review of existing studies analyzed in terms of the principles and dimensions of energy justice. Based on publications including peer reviewed academic literature, books, and in some cases reports by government or international organizations, we assess renewable electricity technologies in both grid integrated and off-grid use contexts. We conduct our investigation through the rubric of the affirmative and prohibitive principles of energy justice and in terms of its temporal, geographic, socio-political, economic, and technological dimensions. Renewable electricity technology development has and continue to have different impacts in different social contexts, and by considering the different impacts explicitly across global contexts, including differences between rural and urban contexts, this paper contributes to identifying and understanding how, in what ways, and in what particular conditions and circumstances renewable electricity technologies may correspond with or work to promote energy justice

Macroteleia Westwood 1835

Genus <i>Macroteleia</i> Westwood, 1835 <p> Two species of <i>Macroteleia</i> were recorded from Britain by Notton (2006) and a third species is reported here. Since limited British material is currently available, further variation, particularly in colour, may be encountered. Provisional synonymy between <i>M. minor</i> and <i>M. brevigaster</i> is discussed below. Numerous Palaearctic species of <i>Macroteleia</i> are catalogued by Johnson (1992) and more have been described since (Kozlov & Kononova 1987, 1990; Kononova & Petrov 2003), although a number of old names have not been accounted for by recent authors, so some further synonymy may yet occur. The host relations of the British species are unknown, although other species of <i>Macroteleia</i> are solitary parasitoids of the eggs of bush crickets (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) (Muesebeck 1977).</p> Key to females of British <i>Macroteleia</i> <p> 1. Gastral tergite 3 with lateral areas not defined; body less elongate (Fig. 10): exposed part of apical tergite 1.4–1.6 times as long as wide; postmarginal vein 1.4–1.6 times as long as marginal (body black; scape red-brown; legs red-brown, all coxae darkened) …………… <i>Macroteleia brevigaster</i> Masner, 1976</p> <p>- Gastral tergite 3 with lateral area on each side defined by a longitudinal carina; body more elongate (Figs 4, 7): exposed part of apical tergite 2.2–2.6 times as long as wide; postmarginal vein 1.7– 2.3 times as long as marginal ………………………………………………………………………2</p> <p> 2. Gastral tergite 3 transverse, 1.2 times as wide as long; exposed part of apical tergite 2.2 times as long as wide; postmarginal vein 1.7 times as long as marginal (body black; scape dark brown with base orange-brown; legs orange-brown, mid and hind coxae darkened) ……………………………………………………… <i>Macroteleia atrata</i> Kozlov & Kononova, 1987</p> <p> - Gastral tergite 3 as long as wide; exposed part of apical tergite 2.6 times as long as wide; postmarginal vein 2.3 times as long as marginal (body dark brown to black above, yellow to yellow brown below; scape yellow-brown; legs including coxae yellow) ……………… <i>Macroteleia bicolora</i> Kieffer, 1908</p>Published as part of <i>Notton, David G., Popovici, Ovidiu A., Achterberg, Cornelis Van, Rond, Jeroen De & Burn, John T., 2014, Parasitoid wasps new to Britain (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae, Eurytomidae, Braconidae & Bethylidae), pp. 1-20 in European Journal of Taxonomy 99 (99)</i> on pages 4-6, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2014.99, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/3838972">http://zenodo.org/record/3838972</a&gt

Schizoprymnus collaris

<i>Schizoprymnus collaris</i> (Thomson, 1874) <p>Figs 15–25</p> <p> <i>Sigalphus collaris</i> Thomson, 1874: 557</p> <p> <i>Triaspis collaris –</i> auct.</p> Identification <p> <i>Schizoprymnus collaris</i> keys readily to genus using the key to subfamily and notes given by Shaw & Huddleston (1991) and also the key to genera by Tobias <i>et al.</i> (1995). There is no key specifically to British species of <i>Schizoprymnus</i>, and this species will not run in the key to European <i>Schizoprymnus</i> by Tobias <i>et al.</i> (1995), which erroneously includes <i>S. collaris</i> in the key to <i>Triaspis</i> Haliday, 1838. However, the British specimen has been directly compared with the lectotype of <i>S. collaris</i> and agrees well. <i>S. collaris</i> is an aberrant species when compared to other <i>Schizoprymnus</i> and may be distinguished from other British species in this genus as follows: frontal crest absent, at most a blunt ridge; antennal scrobes with regular transverse striations (Fig. 16); lateral carina of scutellum absent (Fig. 18); sutures of carapace weakly developed but present laterally, the first suture perpendicular to the margin, the second suture directed obliquely backwards (Fig. 17); third tergite largely convex with only weak concavity at extreme apex and deep medial incision in posterior margin to accommodate ovipositor (Fig. 19); apical margin of carapace not turned under, so that sternites are not concealed; ovipositor extending beyond apex of carapace by 1.2-1.3 times length of carapace (Fig. 15); pronotum and mesonotum extensively marked with red and hind femur red (Fig. 17).</p> Material examined <p>ENGLAND: Wiltshire, Porton Down, The Breck, 51°8’30.9”N 1°38’23.3”W, 105 m, chalk heath, meadow / scrub, ♀, 3Aug. 2012, D. G. Notton, BMNH (E)2012-120, BMNH (E)968229 (Natural History Museum, London).</p> <p>GERMANY: ♀, pre-1859, M. Ruthe coll., [BMNH (E)18]59.101 (BMNH).</p> <p>SWEDEN: [Skåne, Båstad], ♀, Thomson coll., lectotype (Entomological Collection of Lund University).</p> Distribution <p> <i>S. collaris</i> is rare in collections but has previously been recorded from France, Germany, Lithuania, The Netherlands and Sweden (Thomson 1874; van Achterberg 2009), but is not included in the recent British checklists of Fitton <i>et al.</i> (1978) or Broad <i>et al.</i> (2012) and so is recorded here as new for Britain.</p> Biology <p> Host relations of <i>S. collaris</i> are unknown; however, other <i>Schizoprymnus</i> species are known to be koinobiont egg-larval parasitoids of weevils (Curculionidae), seed beetles (Chrysomelidae: Bruchinae) and tumbling flower beetles (Mordellidae) (Shaw & Huddleston 1991; Belokobylskij & Maetô 2007; Güçlü & Özbek 2011). The habitat, where the English specimen was collected is a rare herb-rich chalk heath habitat with <i>Juniperus communis</i> L., <i>Betula</i> L. and small amounts of other scrub (English Nature 1999).</p> Remarks <p> A syntype was examined from the Thomson Collection, at the University of Lund, and is designated here as the lectotype in order to remove any possible ambiguity about the application of this name. <i>S. collaris</i> was previously placed in <i>Schizoprymnus</i> by Telenga (1941: 351) and while recently it has been considered a <i>Triaspis</i>, its position in <i>Schizoprymnus</i> is confirmed here.</p>Published as part of <i>Notton, David G., Popovici, Ovidiu A., Achterberg, Cornelis Van, Rond, Jeroen De & Burn, John T., 2014, Parasitoid wasps new to Britain (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae, Eurytomidae, Braconidae & Bethylidae), pp. 1-20 in European Journal of Taxonomy 99 (99)</i> on pages 11-14, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2014.99, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/3838972">http://zenodo.org/record/3838972</a&gt

Macroteleia bicolora Kieffer 1908

<i>Macroteleia bicolora</i> Kieffer, 1908 <p>Figs 7–9</p> Identification <p> This specimen was identified to genus using the key by Masner (1980) but it did not agree with either of the two previously known British species of <i>Macroteleia</i> (Notton, 2006). The identity of the species was confirmed by the second author, who has examined the type and compared it to published descriptions (Kieffer 1908, 1914, 1926; Kozlov 1987; Kononova & Kozlov 2008). Johnson (1992) catalogued numerous Palaearctic species of this genus and more have been described since (Kozlov & Kononova 1987, 1990; Kononova & Petrov 2003), although many of the older species have not been reinterpreted recently, and it is possible that the name <i>M. bicolora</i> will turn out to be a synonym.</p> Material examined <p>ENGLAND: Hants, Botley Wood, SU 5409, ♀, 31 Jul. 2007, Malaise trap, K. J. Wheeler (BMNH).</p> Distribution <p>This species was originally described from Italy by Kieffer (1908), and its distribution includes: Northern Italy, Kazakhstan, Russia (Northern Caucasus), Ukraine (Kononova & Kozlov 2008) and Denmark (Buhl 1999). It is recorded here as new to Britain.</p> Biology <p>The biology of this species is poorly known; however, the habitat at the Botley Wood Local Nature Reserve and SSSI is an extensive area of varied woodland, scrub and grassland with rides and ancient droveways of high conservation significance for invertebrates managed by Hampshire County Council/ Natural England.</p>Published as part of <i>Notton, David G., Popovici, Ovidiu A., Achterberg, Cornelis Van, Rond, Jeroen De & Burn, John T., 2014, Parasitoid wasps new to Britain (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae, Eurytomidae, Braconidae & Bethylidae), pp. 1-20 in European Journal of Taxonomy 99 (99)</i> on page 7, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2014.99, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/3838972">http://zenodo.org/record/3838972</a&gt

Macroteleia brevigaster Masner 1976

<i>Macroteleia brevigaster</i> Masner, 1976 <p>Figs 10–12</p> <p> <i>Apegus punctatus</i> Kieffer, 1908: 150, 161 (preoccupied).</p> <p> <i>Macroteleia brevigaster</i> Masner, 1976: 27 (replacement name for <i>Ageus punctatus</i>).</p> <p> ? <i>Macroteleia minor</i> Kozlov & Kononova, 1987: 93, 95 (syn. nov.).</p> Biology <p>Combined records of Masner (1956) and Notton (2006) suggest that this species prefers dry grassland and dune habitats.</p> Remarks <p> <i>M. brevigaster</i> was first recorded from Britain (Devon and the Isle of Wight) by Notton (2006, as <i>M. minor</i>). It appears that <i>M. brevigaster</i> and <i>M. minor</i> are the same species, based on the interpretation of the former by Masner (1956, as <i>Parapegus punctatus</i>) and its similarity with the description of Kozlov & Kononova’s species. Unfortunately the types of neither <i>A. punctatus</i> nor <i>M. minor</i> could be examined, so the new synonymy proposed here is provisional. The new synonymy suggests that the distribution of this species is much wider: Bulgaria (Kononova & Petrov 2003, as <i>M. minor</i>); Czech Republic and Slovakia (Masner 1956, as <i>P. punctatus</i>); England and the Channel Islands (Notton 2006, as <i>M. minor</i>); Hungary (Kozlov 1978, as <i>P. punctatus</i>); Northern Italy (Kieffer 1908, as <i>A. punctatus</i>); Romania (Popovici 2007; Fabritius & Popovici 2007, as <i>M. minor</i>); and Ukraine (Kozlov & Kononova 1987, as <i>M. minor</i>).</p>Published as part of <i>Notton, David G., Popovici, Ovidiu A., Achterberg, Cornelis Van, Rond, Jeroen De & Burn, John T., 2014, Parasitoid wasps new to Britain (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae, Eurytomidae, Braconidae & Bethylidae), pp. 1-20 in European Journal of Taxonomy 99 (99)</i> on page 7, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2014.99, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/3838972">http://zenodo.org/record/3838972</a&gt

Macroteleia atrata Kozlov & Kononova 1987

<i>Macroteleia atrata</i> Kozlov & Kononova, 1987 <p>Figs 4–6</p> Remarks <p> <i>M. atrata</i> was first recorded from Britain (Kent) by Notton (2006). Its distribution and favoured habitats are poorly known.</p>Published as part of <i>Notton, David G., Popovici, Ovidiu A., Achterberg, Cornelis Van, Rond, Jeroen De & Burn, John T., 2014, Parasitoid wasps new to Britain (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae, Eurytomidae, Braconidae & Bethylidae), pp. 1-20 in European Journal of Taxonomy 99 (99)</i> on page 7, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2014.99, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/3838972">http://zenodo.org/record/3838972</a&gt