Optical second harmonic generation probe of two-dimensional ferroelectricity

Optical second harmonic generation (SHG) is used as a noninvasive probe of two-dimensional (2D) ferroelectricity in Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) films of copolymer vinylidene fluoride with trifluorethylene. The surface 2D ferroelectric-paraelectric phase transition in the topmost layer of LB films and a thickness independent (almost 2D) transition in the bulk of these films are observed in temperature studies of SHG.Comment: 9 pages, 2 figures, Optics Letters, in prin

Monochromatic Medical Radiography by Particle Bombardment II

開始ページ、終了ページ: 冊子体のページ付

Direct BMP2/4 signaling through BMP receptor IA regulates fetal thymocyte progenitor homeostasis and differentiation to CD4+CD8+double-positive cell

BMP2/4 signaling is required for embryogenesis and involved in thymus morphogenesis and T-lineage differentiation. In vitro experiments have shown that treatment of thymus explants with exogenous BMP4 negatively regulated differentiation of early thymocyte progenitors and the transition from CD4−CD8− (DN) to CD4+CD8+ (DP). Here we show that in vivo BMP2/4 signaling is required for fetal thymocyte progenitor homeostasis and expansion, but negatively regulates differentiation from DN to DP cell. Unexpectedly, conditional deletion of BMPRIA from fetal thymocytes (using the Cre-loxP system and directing excision to hematopoietic lineage cells with the Vav promoter) demonstrated that physiological levels of BMP2/4 signaling directly to thymocytes through BMPRIA are required for normal differentiation and expansion of early fetal DN thymocytes. In contrast, the arrest in early thymocyte progenitor differentiation caused by exogenous BMP4 treatment of thymus explants is induced in part by direct signaling to thymocytes through BMPRIA, and in part by indirect signaling through non-hematopoietic cells. Analysis of the transition from fetal DN to DP cell, both by ex vivo analysis of conditional BMPRIA-deficient thymocytes and by treatment of thymus explants with the BMP4-inhibitor Noggin demonstrated that BMP2/4 signaling is a negative regulator at this stage. We showed that at this stage of fetal T-cell development BMP2/4 signals directly to thymocytes through BMPRIA

О ВОЗМОЖНОСТИ МЕЖДИСЦИПЛИНАРНОЙ ИНТЕГРАЦИИ РУССКОГО ЯЗЫКА И ХИМИИ В СТАРШИХ КЛАССАХ ОБЩЕОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНОЙ ШКОЛЫ

A study in the field of interdisciplinary interference of the Russian language and chemistry in high school.Проведено исследование в области междисциплинарной интеграции русского языка и химии в старших классах общеобразовательной школы

The possibilities of an educational terrencure in the education of a health-saving type of personality

The percentage of young people with deviations in the state of health is growing every year, so the preservation and promotion of health remains an urgent problem in our time. The purpose of this study is using an educational terrencure with elements of tourism in physical education classes for students of secondary vocational education as a means of increasing motivation to maintain physical activity. The work carried out the diagnostics of the motor-activity motive of students of secondary vocational education (n = 66) for physical culture lessons. The results of the study showed a positive trend in the development of this motive for classes. the number of students with a high level of need for movement increased by 9 %.С каждым годом число молодых людей, имеющих отклонения в состоянии здоровья, увеличивается, поэтому сохранение и укрепление здоровья остается актуальной проблемой современности. Целью данного исследования является оценка эффективности применения образовательного терренкура на занятиях физической культурой для студентов среднего профессионального образования в качестве средства повышения мотивации к поддержанию двигательной активности. Проведена диагностика двигательно-деятельностного мотива у студентов (n = 66), побуждающего их к занятиям физической культурой. Результаты исследования показали положительную динамику развития данного мотива: количество студентов с высоким уровнем потребности к движению увеличилось на 9 %

Local cellular immune response in chronic periodontitis

Microflora of the oral cavity forms a biofilm that induces response of immune system at the mucous membranes. Transition to periodontal lesion is provided by certain classes of resident mucosal immune cells and inflammatory/immune cells migrating to the periodont. In periodontal diseases, Th1, Th2, Th17, Treg are detected. T regulatory cells (Tregs) are proven to comprise the main anti-inflammatory cell population. Th17 cells and Treg cells play an important role in osteoclast differentiation. IL-17 secreted by Th17 cells affects osteoclastogenesis and may induce macrophages to enhance the local inflammatory response. In this regard, the aim of our work was to identify the local immune cells in oral cavity which are associated with severity of chronic generalized periodontitis. The oral cavity cells from 58 persons aged 38-65 years of both sexes in their mature age with a diagnosis of «chronic periodontitis» were examined by means of flow cytofluorometry. When determining levels of CD64+CD16+CD14- neutrophils in the patients with periodontitis of different severity, a statistically significant increase of this cell population was revealed upon development of this disease. In mild cases of periodontitis, a significant increase of relative CD64+CD16+CD14-  neutrophil contents was revealed (Me = 36.16%, p < 0.05) compared to the control group (Me = 7.7%, Q0.25 = 2.4%, Q0.75 = 12%). When assessing relative numbers of CD14+ monocytes in periodontitis of various severity, we revealed a significant increase in the number of these cells in severe cases. When studying levels of regulatory T lymphocytes (CD4+CD25+CD127low) in periodontitis of different severity, we revealed significantly decreased amounts of this cell population during development of the disease. In mild cases of periodontitis, a decreased level of CD4+CD25+CD127low cells (p < 0.05, Me = 1356 cells/ml) was revealed, as compared with control group (Me = 10666 cells/ml). Although the concentration of CD4+CD25+CD127low (Me = 4709 cells/ml) in the patients with moderate periodontitis was higher than the values in milder cases, the range of the main values was comparable and lower, than in control group. In severe periodontitis, a significantly decreased concentration of regulatory T lymphocytes was revealed (Me = 2637 cells/ml). These results confirm the anti-inflammatory regulatory function of Tregs. Understanding the osteo-immune mechanisms of bone remodeling control will help to understand the pathophysiology of accelerated bone loss observed in severe chronic periodontitis

АНАЛИЗ И ДИАГНОСТИКА УРОВНЕЙ УЧЕБНО-ИНФОРМАЦИОННЫХ УМЕНИЙ СТУДЕНТОВ 1-ОГО КУРСА ЕСТЕСТВЕННО-НАУЧНОГО ФАКУЛЬТЕТА 2018–2019 ГОДА

This article diagnoses and analyzes the educational and information skills of first-year students. В данной статье диагностируются и анализируются учебно-информационные умения студентов первого курса.