Provision of in-house training in theory and practice in foreign languages delivery for LSP teachers in Tomsk State University

The global trend for internationalisation in higher education has set high standards in teaching foreig

Transcriptome profile of yeast reveals the essential role of PMA2 and uncharacterized gene YBR056W-A (MNC1) in adaptation to toxic manganese concentration

© The Royal Society of Chemistry.Adaptation of S. cerevisiae to toxic concentrations of manganese provides a physiological model of heavy metal homeostasis. Transcriptome analysis of adapted yeast cells reveals upregulation of cell wall and plasma membrane proteins including membrane transporters. The gene expression in adapted cells differs from that of cells under short-term toxic metal stress. Among the most significantly upregulated genes are PMA2, encoding an ortholog of Pma1 H+-ATPase of the plasma membrane, and YBR056W-A, encoding a putative membrane protein Mnc1 that belongs to the CYSTM family and presumably chelates manganese at the cell surface. We demonstrate that these genes are essential for the adaptation to toxic manganese concentration and propose an extended scheme of manganese detoxification in yeast

Previous reproductive history and post-natal family planning among HIV-infected women in Ukraine

BACKGROUND: Ukraine has the highest antenatal HIV prevalence in Europe. The national prevention of mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) programme has reduced the MTCT rate, but less attention has been given to the prevention of unintended pregnancy among HIV-positive women. Our objectives were to describe the reproductive health, condom use and family planning (FP) practices of HIV-positive childbearing Ukrainian women and to identify factors associated with different methods of post-natal contraception. METHODS: HIV-infected childbearing women, diagnosed before or during pregnancy, were enrolled prospectively in a post-natal cohort study in four regional HIV/AIDS centres in Ukraine from December 2007. Logistic regression models were used to identify factors associated with post-natal FP practices. RESULTS: Data were available for 371 women enrolled by March 2009; 82% (n = 303) were married or cohabiting, 27% (97 of 363) reported a current HIV-negative sexual partner and 69% were diagnosed with HIV during their most recent pregnancy. Overall, 21% (75 of 349) of women were not using contraception post-natally (of whom 80% reported no current sexual activity), 50% (174 of 349) used condoms, 20% (74 of 349) relied solely/partially on coitus interruptus and 4% used hormonal methods or intrauterine device. Among married/cohabiting women, consistent use of condoms in the previous pregnancy [AOR 1.96 (95%CI 1.06–3.62)], having an HIV-positive partner [AOR 0.42 (0.20–0.87)], current sexual activity [AOR 4.53 (1.19–17.3)] and study site were significantly associated with post-natal condom use; 16% of those with HIV-negative partners did not use condoms. Risk factors for non-use of FP were lack of affordability [AOR 6.34 (1.73–23.2)] and inconsistent use of condoms in the previous pregnancy [AOR 7.25 (1.41–37.2)]. CONCLUSIONS: More than 40% of HIV-positive women in this population are at risk of unintended pregnancy and the one in six women in HIV-discordant couples not using barrier methods risk transmitting HIV to their partners. Our study results are limited by the observational nature of the data and the potential for both measured and unmeasured confounding

Amorphous Silica Containers for Germanium Ultrapurification by Zone Refining

We have studied the wetting behavior of molten germanium on silica ceramics and amorphous silica coatings in vacuum at a pressure of 1 Pa and a temperature of 1273 K. The results demonstrate that the wetting of rough surfaces of ceramic samples and coatings by liquid Ge is significantly poorer than that of the smooth surface of quartz glass. The contact angle of polished glass is ~100°, and that of the ceramics and coatings increases from 112° to 137° as the total impurity content of the material decreases from 0.120 to 1 × 10–3 wt %. Using experimental contact angle data, we calculated the work of adhesion of molten Ge to the materials studied. Its value for the surface of the ceramics and coatings decreases from 0.45 to 0.20 J/m2 with decreasing impurity content, whereas the work of adhesion to a smooth glass surface is 0.55 J/m2. We have fabricated fused silica test containers coated with high-purity amorphous silica. Using horizontal zone refining, we obtained germanium samples with a carrier concentration difference on the order of 1011 cm–3

Transcriptome profile of yeast reveals the essential role of PMA2 and uncharacterized gene YBR056W-A (MNC1) in adaptation to toxic manganese concentration

© The Royal Society of Chemistry.Adaptation of S. cerevisiae to toxic concentrations of manganese provides a physiological model of heavy metal homeostasis. Transcriptome analysis of adapted yeast cells reveals upregulation of cell wall and plasma membrane proteins including membrane transporters. The gene expression in adapted cells differs from that of cells under short-term toxic metal stress. Among the most significantly upregulated genes are PMA2, encoding an ortholog of Pma1 H+-ATPase of the plasma membrane, and YBR056W-A, encoding a putative membrane protein Mnc1 that belongs to the CYSTM family and presumably chelates manganese at the cell surface. We demonstrate that these genes are essential for the adaptation to toxic manganese concentration and propose an extended scheme of manganese detoxification in yeast

ACCELERATED PUBLICATION High Molecular Mass Exopolyphosphatase from the Cytosol of the Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae Is Encoded by the PPN1 Gene

Inorganic polyphosphate is a source of energy, performs regulatory functions, and plays an important role in adaptation of yeast and other microbial cells to changing environment The aim of this study was to identify the gene encoding the high molecular mass exopolyphosphatase of the cytosol of S. cerevisiae. MATERIALS AND METHODS Purification of high molecular mass exopolyphosphatase. Cells of S. cerevisiae VKM Y-1173 were grown in phosphate surplus conditions as described earlier Hydrolysis of polyphosphate by purified exopolyphosphatase. The exopolyphosphatase activity was assayed at 30°C by measuring the rate of P i accumulation Mass spectrometry. The purified exopolyphosphatase was subjected to electrophoresis in 12.5% poly- ISSN 0006-2979, Biochemistry (Moscow), 2006, Vol. 71, No. 9, pp. 975-977. © Pleiades Publishing, Inc., 2006. Published in Russian in Biokhimiya, 2006, Vol. 71, No. 9, pp. 1198-1201 On-Line Papers in Press, as Manuscript BM06-086, June 11, 2006. Abstract-It has been shown that the high molecular mass exopolyphosphatase localized in cytosol of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is encoded by the PPN1 gene. This enzyme is expressed under special culture conditions when stationary phase cells are passing on to new budding on glucose addition and phosphate excess. The enzyme under study releases orthophosphate from the very beginning of polyphosphate hydrolysis

Transcriptome profile of yeast reveals the essential role of PMA2 and uncharacterized gene YBR056W-A (MNC1) in adaptation to toxic manganese concentration

© The Royal Society of Chemistry.Adaptation of S. cerevisiae to toxic concentrations of manganese provides a physiological model of heavy metal homeostasis. Transcriptome analysis of adapted yeast cells reveals upregulation of cell wall and plasma membrane proteins including membrane transporters. The gene expression in adapted cells differs from that of cells under short-term toxic metal stress. Among the most significantly upregulated genes are PMA2, encoding an ortholog of Pma1 H+-ATPase of the plasma membrane, and YBR056W-A, encoding a putative membrane protein Mnc1 that belongs to the CYSTM family and presumably chelates manganese at the cell surface. We demonstrate that these genes are essential for the adaptation to toxic manganese concentration and propose an extended scheme of manganese detoxification in yeast

Transcriptome profile of yeast reveals the essential role of PMA2 and uncharacterized gene YBR056W-A (MNC1) in adaptation to toxic manganese concentration

© The Royal Society of Chemistry.Adaptation of S. cerevisiae to toxic concentrations of manganese provides a physiological model of heavy metal homeostasis. Transcriptome analysis of adapted yeast cells reveals upregulation of cell wall and plasma membrane proteins including membrane transporters. The gene expression in adapted cells differs from that of cells under short-term toxic metal stress. Among the most significantly upregulated genes are PMA2, encoding an ortholog of Pma1 H+-ATPase of the plasma membrane, and YBR056W-A, encoding a putative membrane protein Mnc1 that belongs to the CYSTM family and presumably chelates manganese at the cell surface. We demonstrate that these genes are essential for the adaptation to toxic manganese concentration and propose an extended scheme of manganese detoxification in yeast

biochemistry of inorganic polyphosphates

I.S. Kulaev, V.M. Vagabov, T.V. Kulakovskaya.x, 277 p. : ill. ; 25 cm