12,599 research outputs found

    Investigations of toughening mechanisms of epoxy resins

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    Composite material technology was applied to the solid rocket booster by the development of a carbon filament-epoxy resin case which yields a net increase of 4000 lbs. in payload in the shuttle. The question of reusability of the new composite tanks has not yet been answered and will depend on the toughness of the matrix resin. The present study was aimed at providing conditions whereby test specimens of the epoxy resin (EPON/85) and curing agents of systematically varied structures could be produced in a controlled manner. Three sets of conditions were found that might allow the isolation of the structural effects on toughness from the cure effects. The kinetic methods leading to the determination of these conditions are described

    Evolution des classes ASA (2002-2012)

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    Contexte: Le score ASA, initialement creĢeĢ en 1941 comme outil statistique est actuellement utiliseĢ dans un grand nombre d'eĢtudes afin de preĢdire le risque opeĢratoire d'une intervention pour un patient donneĢ. Or l'utilisation de ce score comme stratifi- cateur de risque opeĢratoire est controverseĢe. La raison principale aĢ€ cette controverse reĢside dans la simpliciteĢ du score qui, selon certains auteurs, n'est pas suffisamment complet pour preĢdir un eĢveĢnement aussi plurifactoriel qu'un outcome d'une opeĢration chirurgicale. MeĢthodologie: Dans notre eĢtude sont compris tous les patients opeĢreĢs dans le baĢ‚timent principal du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV) entre 2002 et 2012, soit 75'260 patients. 8'437 patients ont eĢteĢ exclus en raisons de donneĢes manquantes. Nous avons utiliseĢ des reĢgressions lineĢaires aĢ€ une variable pour eĢtudier l'eĢvolution des caracteĢristiques deĢmographiques de notre eĢchantillon au cours du temps. Nous avons utiliseĢ le Student's T test afin de tester l'association de la classe ASA et de l'aĢ‚ge avec la survenue de complications per-opeĢratoires. ReĢsultats: Nous constatons dans la population eĢtudieĢe une augmentation significa- tive (P< 00.5) de patients aĢ‚geĢs mais eĢgalement de patients avec un score ASA eĢleveĢ (P< 00.5 ASA III, P<005 ASA IV). L'augmentation de l'aĢ‚ge n'augmente pas la prob- abliteĢ d'effectuer une complication seĢveĢ€re, dont le deĢceĢ€s, mais augmente uniquement le risque de deĢvelopper une complication leĢgeĢ€re. Une augmentation de classe ASA entraiĢ‚ne statistiquement (P< 0.05) un risque supeĢrieur d'effectuer une complication leĢgeĢ€re ou seĢveĢ€re. Nous retrouvons parmis les aneĢstheĢsistes du CHUV, une variabiliteĢ lors de la classification de patients standardiseĢs selon la deĢfinition internationale du score ASA. Conclusion: Nous montrons que durant ces dix dernieĢ€res anneĢes, de plus en plus de patients aĢ‚geĢs et en mauvaise santeĢ ont eĢteĢ opeĢreĢs au CHUV. De plus, nos reĢsul- tats confirment le lien qui existe entre un score ASA eĢleveĢ et le risque important de deĢvelopper des complications per-opeĢratoires. Nous confirmons donc l'indication aĢ€ mieux monitorer et superviser un patient avec un mauvais status physique

    Large-scale V/STOL testing

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    Several facets of large-scale testing of V/STOL aircraft configurations are discussed with particular emphasis on test experience in the Ames 40- by 80-Foot Wind Tunnel. Examples of powered-lift test programs are presented in order to illustrate tradeoffs confronting the planner of V/STOL test programs. Large-scale V/STOL wind-tunnel testing can sometimes compete with small-scale testing in the effort required (overall test time) and program costs because of the possibility of conducting a number of different tests with a single large-scale model where several small-scale models would be required. The benefits of both high- or full-scale Reynolds numbers, more detailed configuration simulation, and number and type of onboard measurements are studied

    The FastMap Algorithm for Shortest Path Computations

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    We present a new preprocessing algorithm for embedding the nodes of a given edge-weighted undirected graph into a Euclidean space. The Euclidean distance between any two nodes in this space approximates the length of the shortest path between them in the given graph. Later, at runtime, a shortest path between any two nodes can be computed with A* search using the Euclidean distances as heuristic. Our preprocessing algorithm, called FastMap, is inspired by the data mining algorithm of the same name and runs in near-linear time. Hence, FastMap is orders of magnitude faster than competing approaches that produce a Euclidean embedding using Semidefinite Programming. FastMap also produces admissible and consistent heuristics and therefore guarantees the generation of shortest paths. Moreover, FastMap applies to general undirected graphs for which many traditional heuristics, such as the Manhattan Distance heuristic, are not well defined. Empirically, we demonstrate that A* search using the FastMap heuristic is competitive with A* search using other state-of-the-art heuristics, such as the Differential heuristic
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